SEPARATION MEMBRANE
MIRJAM NILSSON
PRESENTATION TITL
CONTENT
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INTRODUCTION OF
SEPARATION
TYPES OF SEPARATION
MEMBRANE
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APPLICATION OF
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INTRODUCTION
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Separation membrane is based on the
difference in permeability of materials and
substances. The primary purpose is to reject
unwanted substances while allowing the
passage of desired components
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TYPES OF SEPARATION
MEMBRANE
QUARTERLY PERFORMANCE
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• 1. Microfiltration (MF)
• mf is a membrane process that separates particles based on size, typically
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ranging from 0.1 to 10 micrometers. it is commonly used in the clarification
of fluids and the removal of bacteria and suspended solids.
• 2.Ultrafiltration (UF)
• UF operates on a slightly smaller scale, separating particles in the range of
0.001 to 0.1 micrometers. It is effective in removing colloids, proteins, and
macromolecules from solutions.
• 3.Nanofiltration (NF)
• NF is designed to separate particles at the nanometer scale, usually
between 0.001 and 0.01 micrometers. It is suitable for the separation of
divalent salts, sugars, and organic molecules.
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• 4.Reverse Osmosis (RO)
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MEMBRANE MATERIALS
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AND STRUCTURE
• Polymeric Membranes
• These are the most common type of membranes, made from
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polymers such as cellulose acetate, polyamide, and
polysulfone. They offer flexibility and are suitable for a wide
range of applications
• Ceramic Membranes
• Ceramic membranes are known for their durability and
resistance to harsh chemicals and high temperatures, making
them suitable for industrial processes that require robust
materials.
• Composite Membranes
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• These membranes are a combination of different materials,
offering enhanced selectivity and permeability. They are
MATERIALS FOR
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MEMBRANE
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PRESENTATION TITL
Organic polymers
Cellulose
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Cellulose Acetate (CA)
Polysulfone (PS)
Polyethersulfone (PES)
Polyamides (PA)
Polyvinylidine Fluoride (PVDF)
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)
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Inorganic materials
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Ceramics
Glass
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Pyrolyzed carbon
Stainless Steel
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Membrane Forms
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From a structural point of view membranes are
broadly divided into two types:
Symmetric (or isotropic)
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Membranes with symmetric pores are more uniform
Asymmetric (or anisotropic)
Asymmetric pores have variable pore diameters
A symmetric membrane has similar structural
composition and morphology at all positions
within it.
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An asymmetric membrane is composed of
two or more structural planes of non-
identical composition or morphology
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Types of isotropic (a, b, c) and
anisotropic (d, e) membranes:
macroporous (a), nonporous dense (b),
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electrically charged (c), Loeb-Sourirajan
(d), composite (e).
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PRESENTATION TITL
From a morphological point of view
membranes are broadly divided into two
types:
Porous membranes have tiny pores
or pore networks.
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Dense membranes do not have any
pores and solute or solvent transport
through these membranes take place
by a partition-diffusion-partition
mechanism.
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PRESENTATION TITL
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1. Flat sheet membrane
2. Tubular membrane
3. Hollow fibre membrane
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Applications of Membrane Separation
Water and Wastewater Treatment
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Potable Water Production
Membrane separation processes are instrumental
in producing potable water from various sources,
including seawater, brackish water, and
contaminated groundwater, addressing water
scarcity challenges.
Wastewater Reclamation
The reclamation of wastewater through membrane
processes contributes to environmental
sustainability by reducing the discharge of
pollutants and conserving water resources.
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Gas Separation
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Membrane processes are employed for the
separation of gases, such as nitrogen and oxygen,
in industrial applications, contributing to the
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production of high-purity gases and reducing
energy consumption.
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UMUHOZA FABIOLA
