Introduction To Machine Learning
Name: Amber Kakkar
Course: B.tech CSE-A(3rd
year) sssaa
Roll no: 180102008
What is Machine Learning?
“Learning is any process by which a system improves
performance from experience.”
-Herbert Simon
When Do We Use Machine Learning?
ML is usedwhen:
•Human expertise doesnot exist(navigating on
Mars)
•Humans can’t explain their expertise
( speechrecognition)
•Models are based on huge amounts of data
Types of Learning:
•Supervised (inductive) learning–Given:
training data + desired outputs (labels).
•Unsupervised learning–Given: training
data (without desired outputs).
•Reinforcement learning–Rewards from
sequence of actions.
Supervised Learning:
1)Regression
•Given (x1, y1), (x2, y2), ..., (xn, yn)
•Learn a function f(x) to predict y given x–yaxis
real-valued == regression
2)Classification
•Given (x1, y1), (x2, y2), ..., (xn, yn)
•Learn a function f(x) to predict y given x–yaxis
categorical == classification
Steps to build model:
1 - Data Collection
2 - Data Preparation
3 - Choose a Model
4 - Train the Model
5 - Evaluate the Model
6 - Make Predictions
Python libraries used in Machine Learning:
1)Numpy
2)Pandas
3)Scikit-learn
4)Matplotlib
5)TensorFlow
6)Keras
7)PyTorch
8)Scipy
9)Seaborn
Iris Flower Data Set
Made By:
Name: Amber Kakkar
Course : B.Tech CSE –A (3rd year 1 sem)
Roll no:180102008
The Iris flower data set or Fisher's Iris data set is
a multivariate data set introduced by Ronald Fisher in his 1936.
It is sometimes called Anderson's Iris data set because Edgar
Anderson collected the data to quantify
the morphologic variation of Iris flowers of three related species.
The use of this data set in cluster analysis ıs however
uncommon, since the data set only contains two clusters with
rather obvious separation.
One of the clusters contains Iris setosa, while the other cluster
contains both Iris virginica and Iris versicolor and is not separable
without the species information Fisher used.
It is multivariate(more than 2 dependent variable) data set Study
of three related Iris flowers species. Data set contain 50 sample
of each species(Iris-Setosa, Iris-Virginica, IrisVersicolor)
Features Used :
1. Sepal length in cm
2. Sepal width in cm
3. Petal length in cm
4. Petal width in cm
Data Analysis :
1. Descriptive statistics- SD, Min, Max etc .
2. Class Distribution (Species counts are
balanced or imbalanced) – Balanced.
3. Univariate Plots:- Understand each attribute
better.
Box and whisker plots(Give idea about distribution of input
attributes)
Plotting Histogram:
Plotting Scatter Graph Between Sepal Length
and Sepal Width:
Observation:
1. Using Sepal_Lenght & Sepal_Width features,
we can only distinguish Setosa flower from
others.
2. Seperating Versicolor & Virginica is much
harder as they have considerable overlap.
3. Hence, Sepal_Lenght & Sepal_Width features
only work well for Setosa.
Implementation of Machine Learning.
Steps to implement Machine Learning
1. Import Library
2. Analyze Data
3. Spliting the Data Set into train and test
4. Chossing right algorithm for training model
5. Test the algorithm with test data.
Algorithms Used:
1. Logistic Regression
2. Support Vector Machine
3. Classification and Regression Tree(CART)
4. Gaussion Naive Bayes(NB)
5. K-Nearest Neighbour(KNN)
6. Deision Tree
Final Evaluation Of All Models:
