Characteristics
and Types of
Research
Learning Targets
At the end of the lesson, the students
CAN:
• Explain the characteristics of good
research.
• Differentiate the types and classification
of research.
• Discuss what action research is.
Characteristics of a Good
Research
One of the most significant aspects of successful
research is the ability to solve problems.
Systematic research is required. Procedures are
followed to conduct an inquiry in a logical order,
including data gathering, analysis, and
interpretation.
Research is critical. The procedure and process
adopted must be able to stand up to
examination.
Characteristics of a Good
Research
Research is empirical. The conclusions reached are based on
hard evidence derived from data acquired from real-life
experiences.
Good research has a clearly defined purpose. Within the
research community, a research work with a clearly defined
purpose receives more acceptance and acknowledgement.
A research has a well-defined procedure that is detailed
enough. This will allow the study to be repeated in the future
for additional improvement while keeping the consistency of
previous work.
Characteristics of a Good
Research
A research has a well-defined procedure that is detailed
enough. This will allow the study to be repeated in the future
for additional improvement while keeping the consistency of
previous work.
Research has a well-planned research design to generate
objective results. The research findings will be easier to
comprehend as a result of this.
There is enough data in the research to investigate the issue.
The researcher should double-check the data's
trustworthiness and validity. 10.The researcher's integrity
and dedication are critical to good research.
Types of Research
Types of Research
Basic research is an investigation of basic principles
and reasons for the occurrence of a particular event
or process or phenomenon. It is also called theoretical
research.
The study or investigation of some natural phenomenon or relating to pure
science is termed basic research. Basic research sometimes may not lead to
immediate use or application. It is not concerned with solving any practical
problems of immediate interest. It is original or basic. It provides a
systematic and deep insight into a problem and facilitates the extraction of
scientific and logical explanations and conclusion on it. It helps build new
frontiers of knowledge. The outcomes of basic research form the basis for
much-applied research.
Applied research
It solves certain problems by employing well-
known and accepted theories and principles.
Most of the experimental research, case studies,
and inter-disciplinary research are essentially
applied research.
Applied research is practical. It may come from a desire to gain
knowledge for useful ends using or applying the theories
derived from pure research.
Types of Applied Research
evaluation research
research and
development
action research.
Evaluation research is a type of applied
research that analyses existing information
about the research subject to arrive at
objective research outcomes or reach
informed decisions. This type of applied
research is mostly applied in business
contexts, for example, an organization may
adopt evaluation research to determine how to
cut down overhead costs.
Type
s
evaluation research
research and
development
action research.
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Research and development is a type of
applied research that is focused on
developing new products and services
based on the needs of target markets. It
focuses on gathering information about
marketing needs and finding ways to
improve an existing product or create new
products that satisfy the identified needs.
Type
s
evaluation research
research and
development
action research.
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Action research is a type of applied research that is
set on providing practical solutions to specific
problems. It involves the health practitioners,
educators, or businessmen conducting systematic
inquiries to help them improve their practices, which in
turn can enhance their working environment and the
working environments of those who are part of it –
clients, patients, students, users, and others. Typically,
action research is a process of reflective inquiry that is
limited to specific contexts and situational.
Type
s
evaluation research
research and
development
action research.
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Quantitative vs Qualitative
Research
• It deals with data that are numerical or that can be
converted into numbers. The basic methods used to
investigate numerical data are called 'statistics'. Statistical
techniques are concerned with the organization, analysis,
interpretation, and presentation of numerical data
(Williamson and Johanson, 2018).
Quantitativ
e research • In the market research world, numbers give insight into
consumer behavior, but quantitative research can and is
used to explain other kinds of performance, as well.
Scientists and analysts in both the social sciences and the
natural ones use numerical data to apply significance to any
number of different kinds of phenomena.
Qualitative research
Qualitative data consists of open-ended information that the
researcher usually gathers through interviews, focus groups, and
observations. The analysis of the qualitative data (words, text, or
behaviors) typically follows the path of aggregating it into categories
of information and presenting the diversity of ideas gathered during
data collection.
It is a type of social science research that collects and works with non-
numerical data. As defined by Denzin and Lincoln (2000), qualitative
research involves studying a certain phenomenon in a people's natural
setting, attempting to make sense of or interpret the local meanings
they attach to it. The data produced in qualitative research provide a
narrative description of the way of life of the people (Munhall 2001).
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QualVsQuant_Infographic1.jpg
Mixed research
It is a methodology for conducting research that involves collecting,
analyzing, and integrating quantitative (e.g., experiments, surveys)
and qualitative (e.g., focus groups, interviews) research.
This approach is used when this integration provides a better
understanding of the research problem than either of each alone.
One of the most advantageous characteristics of conducting mixed
methods research is the possibility of triangulation, i.e., the use of
several means (methods, data sources, and researchers) to examine
the same phenomenon.
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