Full wave rectifier.pptx
- 2. 2 DEFINITION OF LAPLACE TRANSFORM Introduction of Full wave rectifier A full wave rectifier is defined as a rectifier that converts the complete cycle of a alternating current into pulsating DC. This rectifier acts as a heart of a circuit which allows the sensors to attach to the RCX in either polarity.
- 3. 3 Full Wave Rectifier is a diode circuit which is used to transform the complete cycle of Alternating Voltage to Direct Voltage . In full wave rectification, current flows through the load in the same direction for the complete cycle of input AC Supply. Types of Full Wave Rectifiers: 1.Centre Tap Full Wave Rectifier. 2. Full Wave Bridge Rectifier. Classification of full wave rectifier
- 4. 4 Center Tapped Full Wave Rectifier A center tapped full wave rectifier is a type of rectifier which uses a center tapped transformer and two diodes to convert the complete AC signal into DC signal. The center tapped full wave rectifier is made up of an AC source, a center tapped transformer, two diodes, and a load resistor.
- 5. During the positive half cycle, diode D1 is forward biased as it is connected to the top of the secondary winding while diode D2 is reverse biased as it is connected to the bottom of the secondary winding. Due to this, diode D1 will conduct acting as a short circuit and D2 will not conduct acting as an open circuit. During the negative half cycle, the diode D1 is reverse biased and the diode D2 is forward biased because the top half of the secondary circuit becomes negative and the bottom half of the circuit becomes positive. Thus in a full wave rectifiers, DC voltage is obtained for both positive and negative half cycle. 5 Working Procedure of Center Tapped Full Wave Rectifier
- 6. Laplace Transform Full Wave Bridge Rectifier BASIC COMPONENTS OF A FULL-WAVE BRIDGE RECTIFIER Four diodes arranged in a "bridge" configuration Transformer used to step down inputted higher voltage to suitable lower voltage. Load resistor to smooth out the output DC voltage Wires , resistance etc.
- 7. Laplace Transform Working Procedure of Full Wave Bridge Rectifier CIRCUIT: A B D C D1 D4 D3 D2 FIG: FULL WAVE BRIDGE RECTIFIER CIRCUIT
- 8. Laplace Transform Working Procedure of Full Wave Bridge Rectifier When an AC signal is applied across the bridge rectifier, terminal A becomes positive during the positive half cycle while terminal B becomes negative. This results in diodes D1 and D3 becoming forward biased while D2 and D4 becoming reverse biased. During the negative half-cycle, terminal B becomes positive while terminal A becomes negative. This causes diodes D2 and D4 to become forward biased and diode D1 and D3 to be reverse biased. he current flow across load resistor RL is the same during the positive and negative half-cycles. The output DC signal polarity may be either completely positive or negative. In our case, it is completely positive.
- 9. COMPARISON OF EFFICIENCY PRESENTATION TITLE 9
- 10. We know that, Efficiency (η) = DC Power Output / AC power input Therefore, the efficiency of a full wave rectifier (nf) is 81.2% (calculated) And, efficiency of a half wave rectifier (nh) is 40.6% (calculated) ηh/ηf=40.6/81.2 =1/2 ∴ηf=2ηh Comparison of efficiency EFFICIENCY : RECTIFIER EFFICIENCY IS THE RATIO OF OUTPUT DC POWER TO THE INPUT AC POWER. FOR A HALF- WAVE RECTIFIER, RECTIFIER EFFICIENCY IS 40.6% AND FULL WAVE RECTIFIER IS 81.2 % . Hence, the efficiency of a full wave rectifier is double of half wave-rectifier.
- 11. Advantage of full-wave rectifier • The rectifying efficiency of full wave rectifiers is higher than that of half-wave rectifiers. Consequently, they are more efficient at converting AC into DC. • Compared to half-wave rectifiers, full wave rectifiers have a lower ripple factor. • In the process of rectification, there is no waste of voltage signal, which allows them to have low power loss. • Full wave bridge rectifiers have the advantage of not requiring a special center-tapped transformer, which allows them to reduce their size and cost.
- 12. 12 Disadvantages of full-wave rectifier • More complicated than half-wave rectifier. • It requires more diodes, two for center tap rectifier and four for bridge rectifier. • The cost of the center tap transformer is high. • The DC output is small as using each of diode utilized only one-half of the transformer secondary voltages. • When a small voltage is required to be rectified, the full-wave rectifier circuit is not suitable.