This document discusses test driven development (TDD). It outlines the TDD cycle of red-green-refactor, where tests are written before code to drive the design. Tests ensure code works as intended and prevents regressions. TDD creates well-designed, maintainable code through writing small, focused tests and code in short iterations. While it requires an adjustment in developer mindset, TDD results in faster feedback, more robust code, and fewer bugs through its emphasis on testing first before writing code. Popular tools for TDD include JUnit, TestNG, and Mockito for Java and NUnit/xUnit for .NET.