Visual communication and typography
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This document discusses the history of typography from its origins in ancient cave drawings and Sumerian writing systems to modern digital typography. It provides an overview of important developments such as the Phoenician alphabet, moveable type printing in China and Korea, Gutenberg's printing press in the 1450s, and changes to typography with industrialization and new technologies. Key aspects of typography design like typefaces, kerning, leading and size are also explained. The document examines typography from artistic, historical, technical, cultural and other perspectives.
Visual communication and typography
- 1. “It is a rarer gift to lay words out properly than to write them.” Nicolas Barker, 1942– Book Collector, Typographer, Author
- 2. Prepared by Danielle Oser, APR
- 4. Right Here, Right Now
- 5. Dictionary Definition “A complete set of type of one size and face.” Includes Three Characteristics typeface (shape of letters) style (attributes) size (height)
- 6. Must be legible and readable! Legibility = How easily a reader can decipher the letters on the page. Readability = The document’s overall appearance.
- 7. Original typeface “textur” Never included a printer’s mark – used Johnannes Fust instead
- 8. Developed European movable type – 1439 ish Sued repeatedly for being unable to pay back creditors and having a “hot temper” *No portraits of him were made during his lifetime – these are guesses
- 9. Greece, printed symbols, 3800 years old
- 10. Invention of paper, 1900 years old Although the Egyptians use papyrus, paper made from wood pulp was invented by the Chinese
- 11. Chinese, 1100 years ago Chinese Pi Sheng invented movable type with characters made from clay in the 11th century
- 12. Korean, 600 years ago First known book printed with movable metal type
- 13. 1410
- 14. 1450 Christian devotional book popular in the Middle Ages Most common type of surviving medieval illuminated manuscript
- 18. “The Hours of Catherine of Cleves,” 1440
- 19. 1456 4 years to produce 140 bibles on paper, 40 on vellum or leather 11 by 16 inches 50 pounds
- 22. Personal, Historical, Technical, Ethical, Cultural, Critical
- 24. The wrong choices make words hard to read and distract from their message Most typography choices are seldomly noticed
- 26. Typographical artist Tauba Auerbach
- 28. Artists seldom want their work to have a neutral reaction
- 32. World of Awe
- 35. Cave Drawings, 32,000 Years Ago Writing has its beginnings in cave drawings
- 36. Cave Of Forgotten Dreams, Werner Herzog, 2011
- 39. 5000 years ago Sumerians were the first people to develop an organized system of writing
- 41. Cuneiform story, 4000 years ago Believed to be the basis for the Noah story
- 42. “Holy Writing”
- 43. Hieroglyphics, 2300 Years Ago Two forms of hieroglyphics: hieratic and demotic
- 44. 1000 years ago
- 47. 3500 years ago First civilization to develop the alphabet
- 48. Introduces upper and lowercase letters
- 49. Developed the English 26-letter alphabet
- 51. 1st American Newspaper with regular circulation
- 52. Helped to spread the printing industry in the 19th century
- 53. Invented the rotary printing press
- 59. Serif = easy to read blocks of text Blue Mtn Sans serif = clean look Blue Mtn Novelty = special feeling Blue Mtn Symbol = non-alphanumeric Βλυε Μτν
- 60. Sometimes called Gothic Highly ornate and decorative
- 61. Went through tree separate forms
- 63. Novelty Appear during the Industrial Revolution for advertising
- 64. Teagan White
- 65. Western feel Least used today
- 67. Originally called “block type” by its creator William Caslon IV No “feet” on the letter Used for “screens”
- 70. Kerning: Space between individual letters Leading: Space between lines of type
- 71. Size: Measured in Points Kerning: Space between letters Leading: Space between lines of type
- 74. Readable vs. Garbage Typefaces
- 76. Dark Ages of Typographical Design
- 77. Typography became and integral part of design
- 79. Changing the book publishing industry with Print-On-Demand and Portable Readers
- 80. Printed And Online Zines
- 83. Columns Gutter
- 88. Tauba Auerbach