![• keyboard music lazy (adj)
kick (n & v) lead (v)
kids (n pl) • to lead someone by the hand
kilo(gram[me]) (kg) (n) • Where does this road lead?
kilometre (km) (n) leaf (n)
kill (v) learn (v)
kind (adj & n) least (adj & adv)
king (n) • the least amount (adj)
kiosk (n) • at least (adv)
kiss (n & v) leather (n)
kitchen (n) leave (v)
kitten (n) leave out (phr v)
knee (n) • He left out several important facts.
kneel (v) lecture (n & v)
knife (n) left (n, adj & adv)
knit (v) leg (n)
knock (n & v) leisure (n)
knock down (phr v) lemon (n)
• He was knocked down by the car as lemonade (n)
he stepped into the road. lend (v)
knock out (phr v) length (n)
• The fall knocked him out. less (det, adj, adv & pron)
know (v) lesson (n)
knowledge (n) let (v)
• Let her do it.
L • Let me think.
• Let’s go out tonight.
letter (n)
laboratory (lab) (n) letter-box (n)
labourer (n) lettuce (n)
lack (n & v) level (adj & n)
ladder (n) library (n)
lady (n) licence (n)
lake (n) • a driving/marriage/TV licence
lamb (n) lie (n & v)
lamp (n) life (n)
land (n & v) lift (n & v)
landlady (n) • Can you give me a lift, please? (n)
landlord (n) • The lift is going up. (n)
landscape (n) • Please help me to lift this table. (v)
language (n) light (adj, n & v)
laptop (computer) (n) lighter (n)
large (adj)
• a cigarette lighter
laser (n)
lightning (n)
last (adj, adv & v)
like (adv, prep & v)
late (adj & adv)
likely (adj)
lately (adv)
limit (n & v)
later (adj & adv)
line (n)
latest (adj)
• a line on a page
laugh (n & v)
• a clothes line
laundry (n)
• a railway line
lavatory (n)
link (n)
law (n)
• a link to a website
lawn (n)
lion (n)
lawyer (n)
lip (n)
lay (v)
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Pet vocab-list[1]
- 1. VOCABULARY LIST Preliminary English Test (PET) Preliminary English Test for Schools (PETfS) PET Vocabulary List ©UCLES 2009
- 2. Introduction to the PET Vocabulary List The PET Vocabulary List gives teachers a guide to the vocabulary needed when preparing students for the PET and PET for Schools examinations. Background to the List The PET Vocabulary List was originally developed by Cambridge ESOL in consultation with external consultants to guide item writers who produce materials for the PET examination. It includes vocabulary from the Council of Europe’s Threshold (1990) specification and other vocabulary which corpus evidence shows is high-frequency. The list covers vocabulary appropriate to this level of English and includes receptive vocabulary (words that the candidate is expected to understand but which is not the focus of a question) and productive vocabulary (words that the candidate needs to know to answer a question). The list does not provide an exhaustive list of all words which appear on the PET and PET for Schools question papers and candidates should not confine their study of vocabulary to the list alone. How the List is Updated The vocabulary of English changes over time, with words being added and other words falling into disuse. In order to maintain its currency, the PET Vocabulary List is updated on an annual basis by the addition and removal of words, using a corpus-based approach. Suggested additions to the list are collated and the frequency of these words is obtained by reference to established corpora (electronic databases). The corpora in question represent receptive and productive language in general contexts. The main corpora used for the validation of the PET Vocabulary List are: • the Cambridge Learner Corpus (CLC), which includes over 20 million words of written learner English at six levels; • the British National Corpus (BNC), which includes 100 million words of written and spoken native speaker data. Organisation of the List • Word sets Some categories of words that a learner at this level might be expected to know are not included in the alphabetical list but are listed separately. Words formed with common affixes, some compounds and words from some common word sets, e.g. days of the week, are described below and in Appendix 1. Although some ‘grammar words’ (pronouns, modals, etc.) are included, the ‘Language Specification’ section of the PET and PET for Schools Handbook (available from from www.cambridgeesol.org) should be consulted for a more complete listing. • Exemplification Example phrases and sentences showing how words might be used are given only where words with different meanings need to be constrained, e.g. the use of case is limited to ‘suitcase’: candidates are not expected to know other meanings, such as ‘a legal case’. Page 2
- 3. • Prefixes and Suffixes A list of possible prefixes and suffixes is provided in Appendix 2, and these may be combined with the vocabulary items in the list as appropriate. Words with an affix which is not included in the appendix are listed separately in the alphabetical list. • Compound Words Compound words are not included in the list where both individual words are present and the meaning of the compound is literal and transparent, e.g. coursebook, schoolboy, shoemaker, underwater. A similar approach has been adopted with two-word and hyphenated compounds, for example coffee bar, leisure centre, home-made, open-air. • Multi-word Verbs Multi-word verbs are not included in the list if they have a literal meaning and are composed of verbs and particles already in the list. Examples of ‘literal’ multi-word verbs are come into, sit down, as in ‘Why not come into the kitchen and sit down?’ If the meaning of the verb is not transparent, e.g. put through, get along, then the verb is listed and an example of usage given. • Topic Lists In Appendix 3, words have been grouped together under common PET themes, such as ‘House and Home’, ‘Sport’, and ‘Food and Drink’ etc. Unsuitable Topics Cambridge ESOL examinations must not contain anything that might offend or upset candidates, potentially affect their performance or distract them during the examination. A number of ‘sensitive’ topics are considered unsuitable for use in PET, for example, war and politics, and vocabulary relating to these is not included in the PET Vocabulary List. Personal Vocabulary The content of the PET Vocabulary List is general in nature and is unlikely to cover completely the productive vocabulary that may be required by all candidates. Candidates should know the specific lexis they will need to describe themselves and their lives, for example, work, hobbies, likes and dislikes. Abbreviations Abbreviations used in the PET Vocabulary List are: abbrev abbreviation or acronym n noun adj adjective phr v phrasal verb adv adverb pl plural Am Eng American English prep preposition Br Eng British English prep phr prepositional phrase conj conjunction pron pronoun det determiner sing singular exclam exclamation v verb int interjection Summary of Points to be noted • The list does not include every word that may appear on a PET paper. • The list covers receptive and productive vocabulary. • The list is updated every year. Page 3
- 4. afraid (adj) A after (prep) afternoon (n) ability (n) afterwards (adv) able (adj) again (adv) about (adv & prep) against (prep) • about 500 students (adv) age (n) • The film is about a small boy. (prep) aged (adj) above (prep) agent (n) abroad (adv) agency (n) absent (adj) ago (adv) accept (v) agree (v) access (n) ahead (adv) • disabled access aim (n & v) • internet access air (n) accident (n) air-conditioning (n) accommodation (n) air force (n) accompany (v) airline (n) according to (prep phr) airmail (n) account (n) airport (n) accurate (adj) alarm (n) ache (n & v) alarm clock (n) achieve (v) album (n) across (prep) alike (adv) act (n & v) alive (adj) • in the second act (of the play) (n) all (adj, adv, det & pron) • to act in a play (v) all right/alright (adv) • to act strangely (v) allow (v) action (n) almost (adv) active (adj) alone (adv & adj) activity (n) along (adv & prep) actor (n) aloud (adv) actress (n) alphabet (n) actual (adj) already (adv) ad (advertisement) (n) also (adv) add (v) although (conj) addition (n) altogether (adv) • in addition always (adv) additional (adj) a.m. (adv) address (n) amazed (adj) admire (v) amazing (adj) admission (n) ambassador (n) • charges/cost/price ambition (n) admit (v) ambulance (n) adult (adj & n) among (amongst) (prep) advanced (adj) amount (n) advantage (n) amusing (adj) adventure (n) ancient (adj) advert (n) and (conj) advertise (v) angry (adj) advertisement (n) animal (n) advice (n) ankle (n) advise (v) anniversary (n) aeroplane (n) announce (v) afford (v) announcement (n) annoy (v) Page 4
- 5. annual (adj) athletics (n) another (det & pron) atmosphere (n) answer (n & v) attach (v) answerphone (n) attack (n & v) antique (adj & n) attempt (v) anxious (adj) attend (v) any (det & pron) attention (n) anybody (pron) attitude (n) anyhow (adv) attract (v) anyone (pron) attraction (n) anything (pron) attractive (adj) anyway (adv) audience (n) anywhere (adv) aunt (n) apart from (prep) automatically (adv) apartment (n) available (adj) apologise (v) average (adj & n) apology (n) avoid (v) appear (v) awake (adj) appearance (n) away (adv) apple (n) awful (adj) application (n) apply (v) appointment (n) approach (v) B approve (v) architect (n) baby (n) area (n) back (adv, adj & n) argue (v) background (n) arm (n) backpack (n) armchair (n) backwards (adv) army (n) bad (adj) around (adv & prep) bag (n) arrange (v) baggage (n) arrest (v) bake (v) arrival (n) balance (n & v) arrive (v) balcony (n) art (n) bald (adj) article (n) ball (n) artist (n) ballet (n) as (conj & prep) balloon (n) as well (adv) banana (n) as well as (prep) band (n) ashamed (adj) bandage (n) ask (v) bank (n) asleep (adj) bank balance (n) aspirin (n) banknote (n) assistant (n) bar (n) at (prep) barbecue (n & v) at all (prep phr) bare (adj) at first (prep phr) base on (phr v) at last (prep phr) baseball (n) at least (prep phr) basement (n) at once (prep phr) basic (adj) at present (prep phr) basin (n) at the same time (prep phr) basket (n) athlete (n) basketball (n) Page 5
- 6. bat (n) bleed (v) bath (n & v) blind (adj & n) bathroom (n) block (n) battle (n) • block of flats bay (n) blond(e) (adj & n) be (v) blood (n) beach (n) blouse (n) bean (n) blow (n & v) bear (n) blue (adj) beard (n) board (n & v) beat (v) boarding pass (n) beautiful (adj) boat (n) because (conj) body (n) because of (prep phr) boil (v) become (v) bold (adj) bed (n) bomb (n & v) bedroom (n) bone (n) bee (n) book (n & v) beef (n) booking office (n) before (prep, adv & conj) bookshelf (n) begin (v) bookshop (n) behave (v) boot (n) behind (prep & adv) • leather boots believe (v) • the boot of the car bell (n) border (n) belong (v) bored (adj) belongings (n) boring (adj) below (adv & prep) born (adj) belt (n) borrow (v) bend (n & v) boss (n) beneath (adv & prep) both (pron & det) benefit (n & v) bottle (n) beside (prep) bottom (n) between (prep & adv) bowl (n) beyond (prep & adv) box (n & v) bicycle (n) boy (n) big (adj) boyfriend (n) bike (n) brain (n) bill (n) brake (n & v) • electricity bill branch (n) bin (n) brave (adj) biography (n) bread (n) biology (n) break (n & v) bird (n) break down (phr v) birth (n) • The car has broken down. birthday (n) break in (phr v) biscuit (n) • Someone broke in and stole the bit (n) computer. bite (n & v) break up (phr v) bitter (adj) • When does school break up? black (adj) • The pop group has broken up. blackboard (n) breakfast (n) blame (n & v) breath (n) blank (adj) breathe (v) • a blank piece of paper brick (n) blanket (n) Page 6
- 7. bridge (n) café/cafe (n) brief (adj) cage (n) bright (adj) cake (n) brilliant (adj) calculator (n) bring (v) calendar (n) bring up (phr v) call (n & v) • She was brought up in London. call for (phr v) broad (adj) • I’ll call for you at 7. brochure (n) call in (phr v) brother (n) • She called in to see a friend. brown (adj) calm (adj) brush (n & v) camel (n) bucket (n) camera (n) buffet (adj & n) camp (n & v) bug (n) campsite (n) build (v) can (n) building (n) canal (n) bulb (n) cancel (v) • light bulb candidate (n) bull (n) candle (n) bullet (n) canteen (n) bureau (n) cap (n) burger (n) capital (adj) burglar (n) • capital city burglary (n) • capital letter burn (n & v) captain (n) bury (v) car (n) bus (n) carry out (phr v) business (n) car park (n) bus station (n) card (n) bus stop (n) • birthday card busy (adj) • credit card but (conj) • identity (ID) card butcher (n) • playing card butter (n) cardboard (adj & n) button (n) care (n & v) buy (v) • take care of someone (n) by (prep) • to care (about/for) someone/something by accident (prep phr) (v) by all means (prep phr) career (n) by hand (prep phr) carpet (n) by mistake (prep phr) carrot (n) by name (prep phr) carry (v) carry on (phr v) • He carried on walking despite the rain. cartoon (n) case (n) • suitcase cash (n & v) C cassette (n) cassette player/recorder (n) castle (n) cab (n) cat (n) cabbage (n) catch (v) cabin (n) cathedral (n) cable (n) Page 7
- 8. cauliflower (n) chips (n) cause (n & v) chocolate (n) cave (n) choice (n) CD (n) choose (v) CD-Rom (n) church (n) ceiling (n) cinema (n) celebrate (v) circle (n) celebration (n) circus (n) celery (n) city (n) cellar (n) clap (v) cent (n) class (n) centimetre (cm) (n) • language class central (adj) • first class, second class central heating (n) classical (adj) centre (n) • classical music century (n) classroom (n) cereal (n) clean (adj & v) certain (adj) clear (adj & v) certificate (n) clever (adj) chain (n) click (v) chair (n & v) cliff (n) chalk (n) climate (n) challenge (n & v) climb (v) champion (n) clinic (n) chance (n) cloakroom (n) change (n & v) clock (n) changing room (n) close (adj, adv & v) channel (n) cloth (n) chapter (n) clothes (n pl) character (n) cloud (n) charge (n & v) club (n) chat (n) • to join a club cheap (adj) coach (n) cheat (v) coal (n) check (n & v) coast (n) check in (phr v) coat (n) • They checked in to a hotel. cocoa (n) check out (phr v) coconut (n) • He checked out of the hotel at the end coffee (n) of his stay. coin (n) checkout (n) cola (n) cheerful (adj) cold (adj & n) cheers! (exclam) collar (n) cheese (n) colleague (n) chef (n) collect (v) chemist (n) collection (n) chemistry (n) college (n) cheque (n) colour (n & v) chess (n) comb (n & v) chest (n) come (v) chicken (n) come down (phr v) chief (adj) • The house had come down in price. child (n) come on (phr v) childhood (n) • Come on or we'll miss the bus. chimney (n) comedy (n) chin (n) Page 8
- 9. comedian (n) correction (n) comfort (n) corridor (n) comfortable (adj) cost (n & v) comic (adj & n) costume (n) command (v) cottage (n) commercial (adj) cotton (n) committee (n) cough (n & v) common (adj) count (v) • a common surname country (n) • have something in common countryside (n) communicate (v) couple (n) communication (n) courage (n) compact (adj) course (n) company (n) • English course compare (v) • main course comparison (n) • of course (exclam) compete (n) court (n) competition (n) • law court complain (v) • tennis court complaint (n) cousin (n) complete (v) cover (n & v) complicated (adj) cow (n) composition (n) crash (n & v) computer (n) crazy (adj) concentrate (v) cream (adj & n) concert (n) create (v) conclusion (n) creative (adj) condition (n) creature (n) • in good condition credit (n) conference (n) • credit card confident (adj) crew (n) confirm (v) crime (n) congratulations! (exclam) criminal (n) connect (v) cross (n & v) connection (n) crossing (n) consider (v) • pedestrian crossing consist (v) cross out (phr v) consul (n) • Cross it out and write it again. consulate (n) crossroads (n) contact (n & v) crowd (n) contain (v) crowded (adj) contents (n) crown (n) continent (n) cruel (adj) continue (v) cruise (v) contract (n) cry (n & v) control (n & v) cucumber (n) convenient (adj) cultural (adj) conversation (n) culture (n) cook (n & v) cup (n) cooker (n) cupboard (n) cookie (n) (Am Eng) cure (n & v) cool (adj & v) curious (adj) copy (n & v) curly (adj) corn (n) currency (n) corner (n) current (adj) correct (adj & v) Page 9
- 10. curriculum (n) • a degree in maths curriculum vitae/CV (n) delay (n & v) curry (n) delighted (adj) curtain (n) deliver (v) curve (n & v) delivery (n) cushion (n) demand (n & v) custom (n) demonstration (n) customs (n pl) dentist (n) customs officer (n) depart (v) customer (n) department (n) cut (n & v) departure (n) cut up (phr v) depend (v) • She cut up the cake into small pieces. • It depends on what you want to do. cute (adj) deposit (n) cycle (n & v) • pay a deposit depressed (adj) D depth (n) • the depth of the water describe (v) dad (n) description (n) daddy (n) desert (n) daily (adj & adv) deserve (v) damage (n & v) design (n & v) damp (adj) desk (n) dance (n & v) despite (prep) danger (n) dessert (n) dangerous (adj) destination (n) dark (adj & n) destroy (v) date (n & v) detail (n) • today’s date (n) detective (n) daughter (n) develop (v) day (n) diagram (n) dead (adj) dial (v) deaf (adj) diary (n) deal (with) (v) dictionary (n) dear (adj & exclam) die (v) • too dear to buy (adj) diet (n & v) • Dear Sir (adj) differ (v) • Oh dear! (exclam) difference (n) death (n) different (adj) decide (v) difficult (adj) decimal (adj & n) difficulty (n) decision (n) dig (v) declare (v) digital (adj) deck (n) dining room (n) • the deck of a boat dinner (n) decrease (n & v) diploma (n) deejay / DJ (n) direct (adj & v) deep (adj & adv) direction (n) defeat (n & v) director (n) defence (n) directory (n) defend (v) • a telephone directory definitely (adv) dirt (n) degree (n) disabled (adj) • 90 degrees disadvantage (n) Page 10
- 11. disagree (v) drum (n) disappear (v) dry (adj & v) disappoint (v) dry cleaning (n) disc/disk (n) duck (n) • compact disc/CD due (adj) • hard disk • The next bus is due in five minutes. • floppy disk due to (prep phr) disco(theque) (n) dull (adj) discount (n) during (prep) discover (v) dust (n & v) discuss (v) dustbin (n) discussion (n) duty (n) disease (n) duty-free (adj) disgusting (adj) duvet (n) dish (n) DVD (n) dishwasher (n) DVD player (n) dislike (n & v) display (n & v) distance (n) E distant (adj) district (n) each (det & pron) disturb (v) ear (n) dive (v) earache (n) divide (v) early (adj) dizzy (adj) earn (v) do (v) earring (n) doctor/Dr (n) earth (n) document (n) east (adj, adv & n) documentary (adj & n) eastern (adj) dog (n) easy (adj) doll (n) eat (v) dollar (n) economics (n) dolphin (n) edge (n) door (n) educate (v) double (adj) education (n) doubt (n & v) effect (n) down (adv & prep) efficient (adj) download (n & v) effort (n) downstairs (adv) egg (n) dozen (n) either (adv, det, pron & conj) drama (n) elderly (n & adj) draw (v) elect (v) • to draw a picture of someone or election (n) something electric (adj) • to draw the curtains electrical (adj) • to draw near electricity (n) drawer (n) electronic (adj) dream (n & v) elementary (adj) dress (n & v) elephant (n) dressing (n) else (adv) drink (n & v) email (n & v) drive (n & v) embarrassed (adj) driving licence (n) embarrassing (adj) drop (n & v) embassy (n) drugstore (n) (Am Eng) emergency (n) employ (v) Page 11
- 12. employee (n) exciting (adj) employment (n) excuse (n & v) empty (adj & v) exercise (n & v) encourage (v) exhibition (n) end (n & v) exist (v) end up (phr v) exit (n) enemy (n) expect (v) engaged (adj) expedition (n) • to be engaged to someone expensive (adj) • The phone was engaged. experience (n) engine (n) experiment (n & v) engineer (n) expert (n) enjoy (v) explain (v) enormous (adj) explanation (n) enough (adv, det & pron) explode (v) enquiry (n) explore (v) enter (v) extra (adj & adv) entertain (v) extraordinary (adj) entertaining (adj) extremely (adv) entertainment (n) eye (n) entrance (n) entry (n) envelope (n) F environment (n) equal (adj) face (n) equipment (n) • a sad look on his face escalator (n) facility (n) escape (n & v) • The hotel has excellent facilities. especially (adv) fact (n) essay (n) factory (n) essential (adj) fail (v) euro/Euro (n) failure (n) even (adv) faint (adj & v) • He couldn't even do that. fair (adj & n) evening (n) fairly (adv) event (n) faithfully (adv) ever (adv) fall (n & v) every (adj) (n) (Am Eng) (Br Eng: autumn) everybody (pron) false (adj) everyone (pron) familiar (with) (adj) everything (pron) family (n) everywhere (adv) famous (adj) exact (adj) fan (n) examine (v) fantastic (adj) examination/exam (n) far (adv) example (n) fare (n) excellent (adj) • The return fare is £26. except (prep, conj) farm (n & v) excitement (n) fascinate (v) exchange (n) fashion (n) • an exchange visit fast (adj & adv) • in exchange for fasten (v) exchange (v) fat (adj & n) exchange rate (n) father (n) excited (adj) fault (n) favour (n) Page 12
- 13. favourite (adj & n) float (v) fax (n & v) flood (n & v) fear (n) floor (n) fee (n) flour (n) feed (v) flow (n & v) feel (v) flower (n) feel like (v) flu (n) • to feel like doing something flute (n) female (adj) fly (n & v) fence (n) fog (n) ferry (n) fold (v) festival (n) folk (adj & n) fetch (v) follow (v) fever (n) following (adj) few (adj) fond (adj) fiancé(e) (n) • to be fond of something/someone fiction (n) food (n) field (n) fool (n) fight (n & v) foot (n) figure (n) football (n) fill (v) for (prep) fill in (phr v) forbid (v) • You need to fill in a form. force (n) fill up (phr v) forecast (n & v) • He filled up the car with petrol. foreign (adj) film (n & v) foreigner (n) film maker (n) forest (n) film star (n) forever (adv) final (adj & n) forget (v) financial (adj) forgive (v) find (v) fork (n) find out (phr v) form (n) • I must find out when he’s arriving. former (adj) fine (adj, n & v) fortnight (n) finger (n) fortunately (adv) finish (n & v) forward(s) (adv) fire (n) fountain (n) firefighter (n) free (adj) firm (adj & n) freeze (v) • firm ground (adj) freezer (n) • a good firm to work for (n) French fries (n) (Am Eng) first (adj, adv & pron) frequent (adj) • first name (adj) fresh (adj) • first of all (adv) fridge (n) • He was the first. (pron) friend (n) fish (n & v) frighten (v) fit (adj & v) from (prep) • keep fit (adj) front (adj & n) • These shoes don't fit. (v) frontier (n) fitness (n) frost (n) fix (v) fruit (n) flag (n) fry (v) flat (adj & n) frying pan (n) flight (n) fuel (n) flight attendant (n) full (adj) full time (adv) Page 13
- 14. full-time (adj) • What time do you get up in the fun (n) morning? funny (adj) gift (n) • a funny story (amusing) giraffe (n) • a funny thing happened (strange) girl (n) furnished (adj) girlfriend (n) furniture (n) give (v) further (adv & adj) give back (phr v) future (adj & n) • Give me back this book on Tuesday, please. give in (phr v) G • Have you given in your homework yet? • Do you give in? gallery (n) give out (phr v) • an art gallery • Will you give out these papers for me, gain (v) please? • gain experience give up (phr v) game (n) • Has David given up playing tennis? gap (n) give way (phr v) garage (n) • You must give way to traffic at a garden (n) roundabout. gas (n) glad (adj) • a gas cooker glance (n & v) • to put some gas in the car (Am Eng) glass (n) (Br Eng: petrol) glasses (n pl) gate (n) global warming (n) general (adj) glove (n) generation (n) go (v) generous (adj) go for (phr v) gentle (adj) • He went for the job. gentleman (n) • The dog went for the man. geography (n) go off (phr v) get (v) • They went off to Australia. get along (with) (phr v) • Suddenly the lights went off. • How do you get along with Harry? go on (phr v) get back (phr v) • The meeting went on until six o'clock. • When did you get back from New • What's going on? York? go out (phr v) get down (phr v) • The fire has gone out. • Get down at once! • Are you going out with Thomas • Did you get all the notes down? tonight? get in (phr v) go with (phr v) • Can you get in through the window? • Your tie doesn't go with your shirt. get off (phr v) goal (n) • We get off at the next stop. goat (n) get on (phr v) gold (adj & n) • Get your coat on and then we can golf (n) leave. good (adj) • How are you getting on now? • The film was very good. get on (with) (phr v) • to be good at maths • She got on with her work. goodbye (exclam) • I’m getting on well with French. good-looking (adj) • Do you get on well with Sam? goodnight (exclam) get rid of (phr v) goods (n pl) get up (phr v) govern (v) Page 14
- 15. government (n) hammer (n & v) grade (n) hand (n & v) gram(me) (n) hand-held (adj) grammar (n) hand in (phr v) grandchild (n) • Please hand in the answer sheet when grand(d)ad (n) you’ve finished. granddaughter (n) hand out (phr v) grandfather (n) • Hand out the books please, Tom. grandma (n) handbag (n) grandmother (n) handkerchief (n) grandpa (n) handle (n & v) grandparent (n) handsome (adj) grandson (n) handwriting (n) grant (n) hang (v) • He was given a grant to study in • to hang a picture Australia. (n) hang out (phr v) grape (n) • to hang out with friends grass (n) hang up (phr v) grateful (adj) • She hung up at the end of the phone great (adj) call. green (adj) happen (v) greengrocer (n) happy (adj) grey (adj) harbour (n) grill (n & v) hard (adj & adv) grocer (n) hardly (adv) ground (adj & n) • hardly any time group (n & v) • He could hardly wait. grow (v) hat (n) grow up (phr v) hate (n & v) • Children grow up fast. have (v) guard (n & v) have got (v) guess (n & v) he (pron) guest (n) head (n & v) guest-house (n) • to hit one's head (n) guide (n & v) • the head of the company (n) guidebook (n) • The child was sent to see the Head guilty (adj) Teacher. (n) guitar (n) • to head a ball (v) gum (n) headache (n) • chewing gum headline (n) • sore gums health (n) gun (n) hear (v) guy (n) heart (n) gym(nastics) (n) heat (n & v) hedge (n) H heavy (adj) height (n) helicopter (n) habit (n) hello/hallo (exclam) hair (n) helmet (n) haircut (n) help (n & v) hairdresser (n) her (det & pron) hairdryer (n) here (adv) half (adj, adv & n) hero (n) hall (n) hers (pron) hallo/hello (exclam) Page 15
- 16. herself (pron) hide (v) I high (adj & adv) hill (n) I (pron) him (pron) ice (n) himself (pron) ice cream (n) hire (v & n) ice hockey (n) • to hire a boat (v) idea (n) • for hire (n) identity (n) his (det & pron) • identity (ID) card historic (adj) if (conj) historical (adj) ill (adj) history (n) illness (n) hit (n & v) imagination (n) • The song was a great hit. (n) imagine (v) • to hit the ball (v) immediate (adj) hitch-hike (v) immediately (adv) hobby (n) immigration (n) hockey (n) import (v) hold (v) importance (n) hold up (phr v) important (adj) • He was held up in the heavy traffic for impossible (adj) over two hours. improve (v) hole (n) in (adv & prep) holiday (n) in advance (prep phr) home (adv & n) in any case (prep phr) homepage (n) in case of (prep phr) homework (n) • in case of fire honest (adj) • in case of delays honey (n) in danger (prep phr) hope (n & v) in the end (prep phr) horrible (adj) in fact (prep phr) horse (n) in front of (prep phr) hospital (n) in half (prep phr) hostel (n) in ink (prep phr) hot (adj) in love (prep phr) hotel (n) in order (prep phr) hour (n) in order to (prep phr) house (n) in pencil (prep phr) housewife (n) in pieces (prep phr) housework (n) in place (prep phr) hovercraft (n) in private (prep phr) how (adv) in public (prep phr) how much (adv) in stock (prep phr) however (adv) in time (prep phr) huge (adj) in turn (prep phr) human (adj & n) in two (prep phr) hunger (n) include (v) hungry (adj) income (n) hurry (n & v) incorrect (adj) hurt (adj & v) increase (n & v) husband (n) indeed (adv) hut (n) independent (adj) hydrofoil (n) index (n) • the index of a book individual (adj & n) Page 16
- 17. indoor (adj) indoors (adv) industry (n) J influence (n & v) inform (v) jacket (n) information (n) jail (n) (Am Eng) (Br. Eng: prison) ingredients (n) jam (n) inhabitant (n) • strawberry jam initial (n) • traffic jam • His initials are J.B.H. jar (n) injure (v) jazz (n) ink (n) jealous (adj) inn (n) jeans (n pl) inquiry (n) jet (n) insect (n) • to go by jet (plane) inside (adv, prep & n) jewellery (n) insist (v) job (n) instance (n) jog (v) instead (adv) • to go jogging instead of (prep phr) join (v) instruction(s) (n) • The rivers join there. instructor (n) • to join the army instrument (n) • to join (in) a game • musical instrument joke (n & v) insurance (n) journalism (n) insure (v) journalist (n) intelligent (adj) journey (n) intend (v) judge (n & v) • to intend to do something jug (n) interest (n & v) juice (n) intermediate (adj) jump (n & v) international (adj) jury (n) internet (n) just (adv) interpret (v) interrupt (v) interval (n) K • an interval in a play interview (n & v) kangaroo (n) into (prep) keen (adj) introduce (v) • He's keen on cycling. introduction (n) • to be keen to do something invade (v) keep (v) invasion (n) keep in (phr v) invent (v) • She kept the children in as it was so invention (n) cold. invitation (n) keep on (phr v) invite (v) • He kept on talking. involve (v) keep up (phr v) iron (n & v) • Keep up the good work! island (n) kettle (n) issue (n) key (n) IT (Information Technology) (n) • key to a lock it (pron) • key to success item (n) keyboard (n) its (det) • computer keyboard itself (pron) Page 17
- 18. • keyboard music lazy (adj) kick (n & v) lead (v) kids (n pl) • to lead someone by the hand kilo(gram[me]) (kg) (n) • Where does this road lead? kilometre (km) (n) leaf (n) kill (v) learn (v) kind (adj & n) least (adj & adv) king (n) • the least amount (adj) kiosk (n) • at least (adv) kiss (n & v) leather (n) kitchen (n) leave (v) kitten (n) leave out (phr v) knee (n) • He left out several important facts. kneel (v) lecture (n & v) knife (n) left (n, adj & adv) knit (v) leg (n) knock (n & v) leisure (n) knock down (phr v) lemon (n) • He was knocked down by the car as lemonade (n) he stepped into the road. lend (v) knock out (phr v) length (n) • The fall knocked him out. less (det, adj, adv & pron) know (v) lesson (n) knowledge (n) let (v) • Let her do it. L • Let me think. • Let’s go out tonight. letter (n) laboratory (lab) (n) letter-box (n) labourer (n) lettuce (n) lack (n & v) level (adj & n) ladder (n) library (n) lady (n) licence (n) lake (n) • a driving/marriage/TV licence lamb (n) lie (n & v) lamp (n) life (n) land (n & v) lift (n & v) landlady (n) • Can you give me a lift, please? (n) landlord (n) • The lift is going up. (n) landscape (n) • Please help me to lift this table. (v) language (n) light (adj, n & v) laptop (computer) (n) lighter (n) large (adj) • a cigarette lighter laser (n) lightning (n) last (adj, adv & v) like (adv, prep & v) late (adj & adv) likely (adj) lately (adv) limit (n & v) later (adj & adv) line (n) latest (adj) • a line on a page laugh (n & v) • a clothes line laundry (n) • a railway line lavatory (n) link (n) law (n) • a link to a website lawn (n) lion (n) lawyer (n) lip (n) lay (v) Page 18
- 19. lipstick (n) liquid (n) M list (n) listen (v) machine (n) literature (n) mad (adj) litre (n) Madam (n) litter (n) made of (adj) little (adj & pron) magazine (n) live (v) magic (adj & n) live (adj) magnificent (adj) • live music/sport mail (n & v) lively (adj) main (adj) living (adj) majority (n) living room (n) make (v) load (n & v) make-up (n) loaf (n) make sure (phr v) loan (n) male (adj & n) local (adj) man (n) location (n) manage (v) lock (n & v) • to manage a business locker (n) • to manage to do something (succeed lonely (adj) in) long (adj) manner (n) look (n & v) many (adj & pron) look after (phr v) map (n) • Who's looking after your baby now? mark (n & v) look forward to (phr v) market (n) • I’m looking forward to the party! • to buy something from a market look like (v) marriage (n) • She looks like her sister. marry (v) look out (phr v) master (n) • Look out or you'll have an accident. match (n & v) look up (phr v) • a box of matches (n) • Look up the meaning of the word in • a tennis match (n) your dictionary. • This tie matches your shirt. (v) loose (adj) mate (n) lorry (n) material (n) lose (v) mathematics/math(s) (n) lost property office (n) matter (n & v) lot (n) • Is anything the matter? (n) loud (adj) • It doesn't matter. (v) lounge (n) maximum (adj & n) love (n & v) maybe (adv) lovely (adj) me (pron) low (adj & adv) meal (n) lower (v) mean (v) luck (n) • What do you mean? luggage (n) • What does it mean? lump (n) means (n) lunch (n) measure (v) lunchtime (n) mechanic (n) lung (n) meat (n) luxury (n) medicine (n) medium (adj) meet (v) Page 19
- 20. melon (n) monkey (n) melt (v) month (n) member (n) moon (n) membership (n) more (adj, adv & pron) memory (n) morning (n) • to have a good/poor memory mosque (n) • happy memories most (adj, adv & pron) • computer memory mother (n) mend (v) motor (n) mention (v) motorbike (n) menu (n) motorcycle (n) merry (adj) motor-racing (n) message (n) motorway (n) metal (n) mountain (n) method (n) mouse (n) • modern methods of teaching moustache (n) metre (m) (n) mouth (n) microwave (n) move (v) midday (n) movie (n) (Am Eng) (Br Eng: film) middle (adj & n) movie theatre (n) (Am Eng) (Br Eng: midnight (n) cinema) mild (adj) movie star (n) (Am Eng) (Br Eng: mile (n) film star) milk (n) MP3 player (n) millimetre (mm) (n) Mr (n) mind (n & v) Mrs (n) • His mind was on other things. (n) Ms (n) • Would you mind if I called much (adj, adv & pron) tomorrow? (v) mug (n) • I don’t mind. (v) multiply (v) • Mind your head! (v) mum (n) • Who's minding the baby for you? (v) mummy (n) mine (pron) murder (n & v) mineral (adj) museum (n) mineral water (n) mushroom (n) minimum (adj & n) music (n) minister (n) musical (adj & n) • government minister musician (n) minute (n) mustard (n) mirror (n) my (det) miserable (adj) myself (pron) miss (n & v) mystery (n) Miss (n) mist (n) mistake (n) N mix (v) mobile (phone) (n) nail (n) model (adj & n) • fingernail • a model railway (adj) • hammer and nails • It's cheap because it's last year's name (n & v) model. (n) narrow (adj) • She’s a fashion model. (n) nasty (adj) modern (adj) national (adj) moment (n) nationality (n) money (n) natural (adj) nature (n) Page 20
- 21. • nature studies novel (n) near (adv, prep & adj) now (adv) nearby (adj & adv) nowadays (adv) nearly (adv) nowhere (adv) neat (adj) number (n) necessary (adj) • numbers 5 to 7 neck (n) • a large number of cars need (v) • What’s your (phone) number? needle (n) nurse (n & v) negative (adj) nut (n) neighbour (n) neighbourhood (n) neither (pron, adv, conj & det) O nephew (n) nervous (adj) object (n) • a nervous person obvious (adj) • to feel nervous occasion (n) net (n) occasional (adj) network (n) occupation (n) never (adv) ocean (n) new (adj) o’clock (adv) news (n) of (prep) newsagent (n) of course (adv) newspaper (n) off (adv & prep) next (adj, adv & pron) • It fell off the table. (prep) next to (prep) • The meeting is off. (adv) nice (adj) • I’ve got the afternoon off. (adv) niece (n) offer (n & v) night (n) office (n) nightclub (n) officer (n) no (adv & det) often (adv) nobody (pron) oh! (int) noise (n) oh dear! (int) none (pron) oil (n) nonsense (n) OK/O.K./okay (adj) noon (n) old (adj) no one (pron) old-fashioned (adj) nor (conj) omelette (n) normal (adj) on (adv & prep) north (adj, adv & n) on board (prep phr) northeast (adj & n) on business (prep phr) northwest (adj & n) on fire (prep phr) nose (n) on foot (prep phr) not (adv) on holiday (prep phr) note (n & v) on loan (prep phr) • to write a note (n) on purpose (prep phr) • a ten-pound note (n) on request (prep phr) • Please note. (v) on sale (prep phr) notebook (n) on time (prep phr) notepaper (n) once (adv) nothing (pron) • once a year notice (n & v) • I once saw him dancing. • to read a notice (n) one (pron & det) • until further notice (n) oneself (pron) • Did you notice anything wrong? (v) one-way (adj) Page 21
- 22. onion (n) online (adv & adj) • to book/buy something online (adv) P • an online facility (adj) only (adj & adv) pack (n & v) onto (prep) • an information pack (n) open (adj & v) • to pack a case (v) opening hours (n pl) packet (n) opera (n) page (n) operate (v) pain (n) operation (n) paint (n & v) operator (n) pair (n) opinion (n) palace (n) opportunity (n) pale (adj) opposite (adj, n, prep & adv) pan (n) option (n) pants (n) (Am Eng) (Br Eng: trousers) or (conj) paper (n) orange (adj & n) • a sheet of paper orchestra (n) • a (news)paper order (conj, n & v) parcel (n) • in order to (conj) pardon (n) (int) • to put something in order (n) • Pardon? I didn’t hear what you said. • to order a meal (v) parent (n) ordinary (adj) park (n & v) organisation (n) • a public park (n) organise (v) • to park a car (v) original (adj) parliament (n) other (adj, pron & det) part (n & v) our (det) • a part of something (n) ours (pron) • to part from someone (v) ourselves (pron) partly (adv) out (adv) particular (adj) out of (prep) partner (n) out of date (prep phr) part time (adv) out of doors (prep phr) part-time (adj) out of order (prep phr) party (n) out of stock (prep phr) • a birthday party out of work (prep phr) • a political party outdoor (adj) pass (v) outdoors (adv) • Several cars passed. outside (adv, n, prep & adj) • to pass the sugar oven (n) • to pass an examination over (adv & prep) passenger (n) • I’m going over the road. (prep) passport (n) • over 40 people (more than) (adv) password (n) • to be over (finished) (adv) past (adj, n & prep) • Several birds were flying over the roof • the past few weeks. (adj) of the school. (prep) • in the past. (n) overnight (adj & adv) • It’s half past one. (prep) overtake (v) pasta (n) owe (v) pastry (n) own (adj & v) path (n) • my own pen (adj) patient (adj & n) • to own a car (v) • to be patient (adj) owner (n) • a hospital patient (n) Page 22
- 23. pattern (n) • a piece of cheese pause (n & v) • to break into small pieces pavement (n) • a piece of furniture/advice pay (n & v) pig (n) pea (n) pile (n) peace (n) pill (n) peanut (n) pillow (n) pear (n) pilot (n & v) pedestrian (n) pin (n & v) peel (n & v) pink (adj) pen (n) pipe (n) pence (n pl) pity (n) pencil (n) pizza (n) pencil case (n) place (n & v) pen-friend (n) • a safe place (n) penknife (n) • I’ve lost my place in the book. (n) penny (n) • third place in a race (n) pension (n) • to place something on the table (v) people (n pl) • London is a big place. (n) pepper (n) plain (adj) • to pass the pepper (spice) • It’s plain to me. (clear) • red peppers (vegetable) • a plain T-shirt (no design) per (prep) plan (n & v) per cent (n) • a street plan (n) perfect (adj) • a plan to do something (n) perform (v) plane (n) performance (n) planet (n) perfume (n) plant (n & v) perhaps (adv) plastic (adj & n) period (n) plate (n) permanent (adj) platform (n) permission (n) play (n & v) permitted (adj) • a play at the theatre (n) person (n) • children playing (v) personal (adj) • to play football (v) persuade (v) • to play the guitar (v) pet (n) • to play a record/cassette/CD (v) petrol (n) petrol station (n) • to play the part of someone (act) (v) pharmacy (n) player (n) phone (n & v) playground (n) photo (n) playing cards (n pl) photocopy (n) pleasant (adj) photograph (n) please (int & v) photography (n) • Come in, please. (int) physician (n) • to please someone (v) physics (n) pleasure (n) piano (n) plenty (pron) pick (v) plug (n) pick up (phr v) • a plug for the bath • I picked up a pencil. • an electrical plug • I’ll pick up my sister from the station. plug in (phr v) picnic (n & v) p.m. (adv) picture (n) pocket (n) pie (n) pocket money (n) piece (n) poem (n) Page 23
- 24. poet (n) • to be present (adj) poetry (n) • at the present time (adj) point (n & v) • That will be all for the present. (n) • to point at something (v) • I got some lovely birthday presents. (n) • The pencil has no point to it. (n) presenter (n) police (n) president (n) policeman (n) press (v) police officer (n) • to press a button policewoman (n) • to press a suit police station (n) pretty (adj) polite (adj) prevent (v) political (adj) previous (adj) politics (n) price (n) politician (n) priest (n) pollution (n) primary (adj) pool (n) • primary school • a swimming-pool prime minister (n) poor (adj) prince (n) • She is very poor. (financial) princess (n) • The poor man. (sympathy) principal (adj) pop (adj & n) print (n & v) • pop song/music/star/group • in large print (n) popular (adj) • print a document (v) population (n) • to print your name in capitals (v) port (n) prison (n) porter (n) prisoner (n) position (n) private (adj) positive (adj) prize (n) possibility (n) probable (adj) possible (adj) probably (adv) post (n & v) problem (n) • to post a letter (v) produce (v) • to send it by post (n) product (n) post office (n) profession (n) postage (n) professional (adj & n) postcard (n) professor (n) poster (n) program(me) (n) postman (n) • TV programme pot (n) • computer program potato (n) progress (n) pound (£) (n) project (n) pour (v) promise (n & v) poverty (n) • to promise to do something (v) powder (n) • to keep a promise (n) power (n) pronounce (v) practice (n) • to pronounce a word correctly practise (v) (n = Am Eng) pronunciation (n) pray (v) proper (adj) prayer (n) property (n) prefer (v) protect (v) preparation (n) proud (adj) prepare (v) prove (v) prescription (n) provide (v) • medicine on a prescription public (adj & n) present (adj & n) • public opinion (adj) Page 24
- 25. • to make something public (adj) quiet (adj) • to be open to the public (n) quit (v) publish (v) quite (adv) pull (n & v) • Are you quite sure? pullover (n) • quite old pump (n) quiz (n) • petrol/bike pump punctual (adj) punish (v) R punishment (n) pupil (n) rabbit (n) pure (adj) race (n & v) purple (adj) • to win a race (n) purpose (n) • to race against fast runners (compete) • He did it on purpose. (deliberately) (v) purse (n) • to race home quickly (run) (v) push (n & v) racket (n) put (v) • tennis racket put away (phr v) radio (n) • He put the book away. rail (n) put down (phr v) • to go by rail • She put her name down. railway (n) put off (phr v) rain (n & v) • The meeting was put off until the raincoat (n) following week. rainforest (n) put on (phr v) raise (v) • He put on a suit. • to raise your arm • Can you put on the light? • to raise prices • He didn’t want to put on weight. range (n) put out (phr v) rank (n) • The fire was quickly put out. • a taxi rank put through (phr v) rare (adj) • Can you put me through to the rarely (adv) manager, please? rather (adv & prep) put up (phr v) • rather earlier than usual (adv) • The company was forced to put up its • I’d prefer to drink water rather than fruit prices. juice. (prep) pyjamas (n pl) raw (adj) • raw meat Q razor (n) reach (v) read (v) qualification (n) ready (adj) qualify (v) real (adj) quality (n) realise (v) quantity (n) • He realised it was true. quarter (n) realistic (adj) quay (n) really (adv) queen (n) reason (n) question (n) reasonable (adj) • to ask a question receipt (n) • the question being discussed (subject) receive (v) questionnaire (n) recent (adj) queue (n & v) reception (n) quick (adj) recipe (n) Page 25
- 26. recognise (v) respect (n & v) recommend (v) responsible (adj) • to recommend someone/something rest (n & v) record (n & v) • a rest from work (n) • to keep a record (n) • the rest of them (n) • to break a record (n) • The doctor told her to rest. (v) • to record a song (v) restaurant (n) recording (n) result (n) recover (v) retire (v) • to recover from an illness return (n & v) recycle (v) • to return home (v) • I don’t recycle as much as I should. • a return (ticket) (n) recycled (adj) review (n & v) recycling (n) revise (v) red (adj) reward (n & v) reduce (v) rice (n) refreshments (n) rich (adj & n) refrigerator (n) ride (n & v) refund (n & v) right (adj, adv & n) refuse (v) • the right time (correct) (adj) regarding (prep) • the right person for the job (suitable) region (n) (adj) register (n & v) • my right foot (adj) • He took the class register. (n) • Everything will be all right. (adj) • He registered with a new doctor. (v) • Go right there. (directly) (adv) registration (n) • Fill it right to the top. (completely) regret (n & v) (adv) regular (adj) • the right to vote (n) relation (n) ring (n & v) • to visit a relation • stand in a ring (n) relationship (n) • a wedding ring (n) relative (n) • Give me a ring tomorrow. (phone) (n) • a relative came to stay • Suddenly the bell rang. (v) relax (v) ring back (phr v) relaxation (n) ring off (phr v) reliable (adj) ring up (phr v) religion (n) ripe (adj) remain (v) rise (v) remember (v) • The sun rises in the East. remind (v) • Prices are rising. remove (v) river (n) rent (n & v) road (n) repair (n & v) roast (adj & v) repeat (v) rob (v) replace (v) robbery (n) reply (n & v) rock (n) report (n & v) • rock (music) (n) request (n & v) • a hard piece of rock (n) require (v) role (n) rescue (n & v) roll (n & v) research (n & v) • a roll of film (n) reservation (n) • a bread roll (n) reserve (n & v) • to roll into a ball (v) • She was a reserve for the team. (n) roof (n) • to reserve a seat (v) room (n) Page 26
- 27. • the sitting room • to save money • There’s lots of room in here. • to save time rose (n) say (v) rough (adj) • to say something to someone • a rough road • I really can’t say. (give an opinion) • a rough idea scene (n) • rough work scenery (n) round (adj, adv & prep) school (n) • a round object (adj) science (n) • the wrong way round (adv) science fiction (n) • to sit round a table (prep) scientific (adj) roundabout (n) scientist (n) route (n) scissors (n) row (n) scooter (n) • a row of seats score (n & v) rubber (adj & n) • The score was 3-0. (n) • rubber tyres (adj) • to score a goal (v) • a rubber (eraser) (n) scream (n & v) rubbish (n) screen (n) rude (adj) sculpture (n) rugby (n) sea (n) ruin (n) search (n & v) rule (n & v) seaside (n) • the rules of grammar (n) season (n) • to rule a country (v) seat (n) ruler (n) seat belt (n) • draw a line using a ruler second (adj & n) run (v) • to be second in the race (adj) • to run in a race • sixty seconds in a minute (n) • to run a business secondary (adj) run out of (phr v) • secondary school • He ran out of time and didn’t finish. secret (adj & n) secretary (n) security (n) S see (v) • to see something (with the eyes) sad (adj) • to see the joke (understand) safe (adj) • to see someone about a problem • to be safe from harm (consult) safety (n) seem (v) sail (n & v) seldom (adv) salad (n) select (v) salary (n) self-service (adj) sale (n) sell (v) salesman/saleswoman (n) send (v) salt (n) sensible (adj) same (adj, pron & adv) sentence (n) sand (n) • words in a sentence sandwich (n) separate (adj & v) satisfactory (adj) series (n) satisfied (adj) • a TV series saucer (n) serious (adj) sausage (n) • a serious person save (v) • a serious illness • to save someone servant (n) Page 27
- 28. serve (v) shore (n) • to serve in a shop short (adj) service (n) shorts (n pl) • a bus service • a pair of shorts • customer service shoulder (n) session (n) shout (n & v) • in a school, gym show (n & v) set (v) • a film show (n) set free (phr v) • Show it to me. (v) set off (phr v) • The picture shows a village. (v) • She set off early for work. • It shows that they care. (v) set out (phr v) shower (n) • They set out on the long journey. • a shower of rain set up (phr v) • to have a shower • Her mother helped her to set up in shut (adj & v) business. shy (adj) several (adj & det) sick (adj) sew (v) side (n) sex (n) sight (n) • the male/female sex • Her sight is better with glasses. sh! (int) • in sight, out of sight shade (n) sightseeing (n) • to sit in the shade sign (n & v) shadow (n) • a road sign (n) shake (n & v) • to sign a document (v) shallow (adj) • no sign of life (n) shame (n) • signs of winter (n) shampoo (n) signal (n & v) shape (n) signature (n) share (n & v) signpost (n) shark (n) silence (n) sharp (adj) silent (adj) • a sharp knife silk (adj & n) • a sharp corner silly (adj) • a sharp picture silver (adj & n) shave (n & v) similar (adj) she (pron) simple (adj) sheep (n) since (conj & prep) sheet (n) sincerely (adv) • sheets on a bed • Yours sincerely • a sheet of paper sing (v) • information sheet single (n & adj) shelf (n) • a single (ticket) to Cambridge (n) shine (v) • to be single (unmarried) (adj) ship (n) • a single room (adj) shirt (n) sink (n & v) shock (n & v) • a kitchen sink (n) • to suffer from shock (n) • The ship began to sink. (v) • The film shocked me. (v) Sir (n) shoe (n) sister (n) shoot (v) sit (v) • to shoot at the goal site (n) shop (n & v) sitting room (n) shop assistant (n) situated (adj) shopkeeper (n) situation (n) Page 28
- 29. size (n) son (n) skateboard (n & v) song (n) ski (n & v) soon (adv) skill (n) • I’ll come soon. skilled (adj) • as soon as I can skin (n) sore (adj) skirt (n) sorry (adj) sky (n) sort (n) sleep (n & v) • the same sort sleeve (n) sort out (phr v) slice (n) • We need to sort out this problem. slim (adj) sound (n & v) slip (v) • the sound of music (n) • to slip on the ice • It sounds like/as if…(v) slope (n) soup (n) • mountain/ski slope sour (adj) slow (adj) • a sour taste small (adj) south (adj & adv, n) smart (adj) southeast (adj & n) • a smart idea (Am Eng) southwest (adj, adv & n) • smart clothes souvenir (n) smell (n & v) space (n) smile (n & v) • a parking space smoke (n & v) • write in the spaces smooth (adj) • not enough space • a smooth surface (level) • outer space • a smooth ride in the new car spade (n) (comfortable) spare (adj & v) snack (n) • spare cash, spare time (adj) snake (n) • to spare the time (v) snow (n & v) speak (v) snowball (n) special (adj) snowboard (n & v) speech (n) snowman (n) speed (n) snowstorm (n) spell (v) so (adv & conj) spend (v) so-so (adj) • to spend money/time soap (n) spill (v) social (adj) spinach (n) society (n) spite (n) sock (n) • in spite of (prep phr) sofa (n) spoil (v) soft (adj) spoon (n) • a soft material sport (n) • a soft drink spot (n) software (n) spy (n & v) soil (n) square (adj & n) soldier (n) • a square room (adj) solid (adj) • a market square (n) some (adj, det & pron) squash (n) somebody (pron) stadium (n) someone (pron) staff (n) something (pron) stage (n) sometimes (adv) • to perform on a stage somewhere (adv) stain (n & v) Page 29
- 30. stairs (n pl) • a department store (n) stall (n) • to store things in a cupboard (v) • market stall storm (n) stamp (n) story (n) • a postage stamp straight (adj & adv) stand (v) • to go straight on (adv) standard (n) • a straight road (adj) star (n) strange (adj) • stars in the sky (n) stranger (n) • a film star (n) strawberry (n) start (n & v) stream (n) • a good start (n) street (n) • to start a race (v) stress (n & v) state (adj & n) • to stress the importance of something • a state school (n) (v) statement (n) • He didn’t want the stress of a new job. station (n) (n) • a bus/fire/radio station strict (adj) statue (n) strike (n & v) stay (n & v) • to go on strike (n) • to stay to dinner (v) • to strike something (v) • to stay with friends (v) strong (adj) • to stay looking young (v) student (n) • a two-night stay (n) studio (n) stay behind (phr v) • TV/artists/recording studio • She stayed behind after the lesson to study (n & v) speak to the teacher. • to study physics (v) steak (n) • to study the map (v) steal (v) • Social Studies (n) steam (n) stupid (adj) steel (n) style (n) steep (adj) subject (n) step (n) • the subject of a discussion • two steps forward (n) • the subject of a sentence • to climb the steps (n) • a school subject stick (n & v) subtract (v) • a walking stick (n) subway (n) • to stick two things together (v) • New York subway (Am Eng) (Br Eng: sticky (adj) underground) stiff (adj) succeed (v) still (adv) success (n) • Sit still. (adv) such (adj & det) • She’s still here. (adv) sudden (adj) stir (v) sugar (n) stomach (n) suggest (v) stone (n) suit (n) • a large stone • to wear a suit • a stone bridge suitable (adj) stop (n & v) suitcase (n) • a bus stop (n) sum (n) • The car stopped. (v) sum up (v) • It’s stopped raining. (v) sun (n) • The rain stopped me from going out. sunbathe (v) (v) sunlight (n) store (n & v) sunrise (n) Page 30
- 31. sunset (n) take off (phr v) sunshine (n) • Do you want to take off your coat? supermarket (n) • The plane takes off at 6. supply (v) take part (in) (phr v) support (v) • Everybody took part in the meeting. • to support a weight take place (phr v) • to support a team • The meeting took place at six. suppose (v) take up (phr v) • I suppose it’s true. • He decided to take up a new hobby. • You aren’t supposed to drive fast. talent (n) • It’s supposed to be a good film. talk (n & v) sure (adj) tall (adj) • I’m sure you’re right. tap (n) • to make sure • a cold-water tap (n) surfing (n) tape (adj, n & v) surname (n) • a tape recorder (adj) surprise (n & v) • a cassette tape (n) surround (v) • to tape a conversation (v) • The cottage is surrounded by beautiful taste (n & v) countryside. • to have good taste (n) sweater (n) • to taste food (v) sweatshirt (n) • It tastes good. (v) sweep (v) tax (n & v) • to sweep the floor taxi (n) sweet (adj & n) tea (n) • sweet food (adj) teach (v) • a sweet face (adj) team (n) • a sweet smell (adj) tear (n) • to eat a sweet (n) • Tears ran down her cheeks. swim (n & v) tear (v) swimming costume (n) • to tear a piece of paper swing (n & v) technique (n) • to play on a swing technology (n) • to swing backwards and forwards teenage (n) switch (n & v) telegram (n) • light switch (n) telephone (n & v) • to switch on a machine (v) television (TV) (n) system (n) tell (v) • to tell a story • to tell someone something T • to tell someone to do something • you can’t always tell table (n) temperature (n) table-cloth (n) • to have a temperature table-tennis (n) • air temperature tablet (n) temporary (adj) take (v) tennis (n) • to take someone’s hand tent (n) • to take someone’s things (steal/ term (n) borrow) terminal (n) • to take a photo terrible (adj) • to take a long time test (n & v) • to take a holiday text (n) take away (phr v) than (conj & prep) • Take 15 away from 78. thank (v) Page 31
- 32. thank you (int) • to wait till the end (prep) thanks (n) • till he comes (conj) that (adv, conj, det & pron) time (n) theft (n) • What time is it? their (det) • It took a long time. theirs (pron) • the last time them (pron) • Is it time yet? themselves (pron) • Four times five is twenty. then (adv) timetable (n) there (adv & pron) tin (n) therefore (adv) • a tin of peas thermometer (n) • made of tin these (det & pron) tin-opener (n) they (pron) tiny (adj) thick (adj) tip (n) thief (n) • the tip of the pencil thin (adj) • a tip for the waitress thing (n) tired (adj) think (v) title (n) • to think about something to (prep) • I think he’s left. toast (n) • What did you think of the film? • toast for breakfast • I think I’ll go. today (adv & n) • I’m thinking of going. toe (n) thirst (n) together (adv) this (det & pron) toilet (n) those (det & pron) tomato (n) though (conj & adv) tomorrow (adv & n) thought (n) ton(ne) (n) • to have thoughts about something tongue (n) • to be deep in thought tonight (adv & n) thriller (n) too (adv) throat (n) • I’ve been there, too. through (prep) • It’s too heavy to lift. throughout (prep) tool (n) throw (v) tooth/teeth (n) throw away (phr v) toothache (n) • He threw away the old TV. toothbrush (n) thumb (n) toothpaste (n) thunder (n) top (n) thunderstorm (n) • top of the class tick (n & v) • at the top of his voice ticket (n) topic (n) tidy (adj & v) total (adj & n) tidy up (phr v) touch (v) • Please tidy up when you’ve finished. tour (n & v) tie (n & v) tourism (n) • a shirt and tie (n) tourist (n) • to tie with string (v) toward(s) (prep) tiger (n) towel (n) tight (adj) tower (n) • tight shoes town (n) tights (n pl) toy (n) • a pair of tights track (n) till (conj & prep) • a race track Page 32
- 33. track suit (n) • Can you turn on the TV? trade (n) turn out (phr v) traditional (adj) • He turned out the lights. traffic (n) turn up (phr v) traffic jam (n) • Turn up the radio - I can hardly hear it. traffic light(s) (n) turning (n) train (n & v) • the first turning on the left • to travel by train twice (adv) • to train in a skill twin (n) trainers (n pl) type (n & v) • a pair of trainers • a type of person (n) tram (n) • to type a letter (v) transfer (v) typical (adj) translate (v) tyre (n) translation (n) transport (n & v) travel (v) U travel agent (n) traveller’s cheque (n) ugly (adj) tree (n) umbrella (n) trip (n) unable (adj) • a weekend trip uncle (n) trouble (n) under (prep) trousers (n pl) • under the bed truck (Am Eng) (Br Eng: lorry) • under £10.00 true (adj) underground (adj & n) • Is it true? • underground trains (adj) • a true friend • to travel by underground (n) trumpet (n) underpants (n) trust (v) understand (v) • to trust someone uniform (n) truth (n) universe (n) try (v) university (n) • to try to do something unleaded (adj) • to try (out) something unless (conj) try on (v) until (prep & conj) • to try on shoes up (adv & prep) T-shirt (n) • to walk up the hill (prep) tube (n) • Are you up yet? (awake and dressed) • a tube of toothpaste (adv) tune (n) • Lift your head up. (adv) tunnel (n) • Speak up, please. (adv) turkey (n) up to (prep phr) turn (n & v) • up to six people • to turn your head (v) up to date (prep phr) • to turn the page (v) update (n & v) • It’s my turn. (n) upon (prep) • The wheels began to turn. (v) upset (adj) turn down (phr v) upstairs (adv) • Could you turn down the music? urgent (adj) turn into (phr v) us (pron) • The water had turned into ice. use (n & v) turn off (phr v) • Can you use a computer? (v) • She turned off the engine. • It’s for the use of teachers only. (n) turn on (phr v) • Is this any use to you? (n) Page 33
- 34. used to (v) wash (n & v) • I used to cycle a lot when I was wash-basin (n) younger. wash up (v) usual (adj) washing machine (n) washing up (n) • to do the washing up V waste (adj & v) wastepaper basket (n) valley (n) watch (n & v) value (n) • My watch keeps good time. (n) van (n) • I watched TV last night. (v) vanilla (n) water (n & v) variety (n) waterfall (n) various (adj) wave (n & v) vase (n) • waves at sea veal (n) • to wave goodbye vegetable (n & adj) way (n) vegetarian (n & adj) • Is this the way? vehicle (n) • the wrong way very (adv) • a long way venue (n) • to stand in the way victim (n) • That’s the way to do it. victory (n) • way of life video (n & v) • way in, way out video recorder (n) WC (n) videotape (n) we (pron) view (n) weak (adj) • a beautiful view • to feel weak village (n) • a weak excuse violin (n) wear (v) visa (n) • to wear a dress visit (n & v) wear off (phr v) visitor (n) • Has the pain worn off yet? vocabulary (n) wear out (phr v & adj) voice (n) volleyball (n) • You’ll wear out those shoes. (v) vote (n & v) weather (n) voyage (n) web (n) website (n) wedding (n) W week (n) weekday (n) wage(s) (n) weekend (n) wait (n & v) weekly (adj & adv) waiter (n) • a weekly magazine (adj) waiting-room (n) • to phone home twice weekly (adv) waitress (n) weigh (v) wake (up) (v) weight (n) walk (n & v) welcome (n & v) wall (n) • a warm welcome (n) wallet (n) • Welcome to London! (v) want (v) welfare (n) war (n) well (adj, adv & int) ward (n) • I’m very well, thanks. (adj) warm (adj) • to behave very well (adv) warn (v) • Shake the bottle well. (adv) Page 34
- 35. • Well, here we are. (int) without (prep) Well done! (int) witness (n & v) well known (adv) woman (n) well-known (adj) wonder (v) well made (adv) • I wonder what he said. well-made (adj) wonderful (adj) west (adj, adv & n) wood (n) wet (adj) • to be made of wood • wet clothes • in a large wood • wet weather wooden (adj) whale (n) wool (n) what (pron) word (n) whatever (pron & det) • words in a sentence wheel (n & v) • He didn’t say a word. wheelchair (n) work (n & v) when (adv) • school work (n) whenever (adv & conj) • to work for a living (v) where (adv) • hard work (n) wherever (adv & conj) • to be out of work (n) whether (conj) working hours (n pl) which (pron & det) world (n) whichever (pron & det) worry (n & v) while, whilst (conj) worse (adj & adv) white (adj) worst (adj & adv) who, whom (pron) worth (adj) whoever (pron) wound (n & v) whole (adj & n) wrap (up) (v) whose (pron) • to wrap (up) a parcel why (adv) write (v) wide (adj & adv) write out (phr v) • a wide road (adj) • Please write out your name in full. • with his mouth wide open (adv) wrong (adj) • to feel wide awake (adv) width (n) wife (n) wild (adj) wildlife (n) win (n & v) Y wind (n) • A strong wind was blowing. (n) year (n) wind (v) yearly (adj & adv) • Wind up the car windows. (v) yellow (adj) window (n) yes (int) windscreen (n) yesterday (adv & n) windsurfing (n) yet (adv) wing (n) you (pron) • a bird’s wing you know (int) • the wing of an aeroplane young (adj & n) wire (n) your (det) • an electrical wire yours (pron) • a wire fence yourself (pron) wise (adj) youth (n) wish (n & v) with (prep) within (adv & prep) Page 35
- 36. Z zebra (n) zero (n) zone (n) zoo (n) Page 36
- 37. Appendix 1 Word sets In addition to the words in the alphabetical list, PET and PET for Schools candidates are expected to know: Cardinal numbers one, two, three, etc. Ordinal numbers first, second, third, fourth, etc. Days of the week Monday, Tuesday, etc. Months of the year January, February, etc. Seasons of the year spring, summer, autumn, winter Countries, languages and nationalities Names of countries, nationalities and languages, for example, Brazil/Brazilian, Canada/Canadian, China/Chinese, France/French, Ireland/Irish, India/Indian, Italy/Italian, Spain/Spanish, etc. Continents Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, South America. Page 37
- 38. Appendix 2 Affixes The words in the alphabetical list may be extended by the use of one or more of these affixes: mini- with nouns, sometimes without a hyphen, e.g. minibus, mini-tour non- with nouns and adjectives, e.g. non-essential re- with verbs and their related nouns, usually without a hyphen, e.g. rename, renaming self- with nouns and adjectives, e.g. self-importance, self-confident un- negative prefix, e.g. unsafe -able with verbs, to form adjectives, e.g. affordable -ed (-d) with verbs, to form adjectives, e.g. limited, used -er (-r) with verbs, to form nouns, e.g. teacher, advertiser; shopper, also comparative forms, e.g. brighter -ese for nationalities/languages, e.g. Japanese -ess referring to a woman or female animal, e.g. princess, lioness N.B. it is less common to refer to women in this way nowadays, and usually safer to use the ‘standard’ form e.g. actor, author -est superlative forms, e.g. tallest -ful with nouns, for amount contained, e.g. spoonful; with nouns to form adjectives denoting characteristics or qualities, e.g. painful, peaceful -ing with verbs, for activity or state, e.g. reading, frightening -ish for nationalities or languages, e.g. Swedish; with nouns to form adjectives, e.g. childish -ist with nouns, for occupations, e.g. novelist, guitarist -less with nouns to form adjectives, e.g. breathless -ly with adjectives to form adverbs, e.g. seriously; with nouns to form adjectives, e.g. friendly -ment with verbs to form nouns, e.g. enjoyment -or with verbs to form nouns, for people, e.g. inventor -y with nouns to form adjectives, e.g. hairy, sunny Page 38
- 39. Appendix 3 Topic Lists Clothes and Accessories backpack glove pattern swimming belt go with (phr v) perfume costume blouse handbag plastic take off boot handkerchief pocket tie button hat pullover tights cap jacket put on tracksuit cloth jeans pyjamas trainers (rain) coat jewellery raincoat trousers collar knit shirt T-shirt cotton laundry shoe sweatshirt dress leather shorts swimsuit dry cleaning lipstick silk try on earring make-up size underpants fashion match (v) skirt umbrella fasten material sleeve(less) uniform fit (v) old-fashioned socks wear (out) fold (v) (adj) suit wool(len) glasses pants sweater sweatshirt Colours (dark/light/pale) gold pink yellow black green purple white blue grey red brown orange silver Communications and Technology access digital invention postcard address directory IT print airmail disc/disk keyboard printer by post download (n & laptop program(me) calculator v) (computer) reply call (v) DVD (player) laser ring call back electronic(s) machine ring up CD (player) email message screen CD-Rom engaged mobile phone software chat (v) enter mouse switch on chat room envelope mouse mat switch off click (v) equipment network telephone computer fax online text connect hang up operator text message connection headline parcel turn off delete homepage password turn on dial internet phone dial up invent postage Page 39
- 40. Education absent composition handwriting photography advanced corridor homework physics arithmetic course intermediate primary school art curriculum instructor qualification bell degree IT qualify biology desk laboratory (lab) register blackboard dictionary languages science board diploma lesson secondary break(time) drama mark (v) school break up economics mathematics state school certificate educate math(s) study (v) chemistry elementary music subject class essay nature studies technology classroom geography notice board college history pencil case Entertainment and Media act (v) classical music film star pop music action comedy folk music programme actor comedian headline quiz adventure comic hero recording admission commercial hit song review advert concert interview(er) rock music advertisement costume interval romantic article dance jazz music row audience disc journalist scene ballet disco magazine screen band display magic series book deejay / DJ MP3 player stage camera documentary music star cartoon drama news studio cassette (player) DVD (player) newspaper television CD (player) entrance opera thriller CD-Rom exhibition orchestra venue channel exit perform video cinema festival performance circus film play film maker poem Environment bottle bank litter public transport recycling climate change petrol recycle rubbish (bin) gas (Am Eng) pollution recycled traffic (jam) Page 40
- 41. Food and Drink apple cooker jam potato bake (v) cookie jug recipe banana corn juice refreshments barbecue (n & cream knife rice v) cucumber lamb roast (v & adj) bean cup lemon roll biscuit curry lemonade salad bitter (adj) dessert lettuce salt boil (v) diet loaf sandwich bowl dinner lunch saucer bread dish meat sausage breakfast drink melon slice (n) buffet duck menu snack butter eat microwave (n) soft drink cabbage egg milk soup cake fish mineral water sour can (of beans) flour mushroom spinach candy fork mustard spoon canteen French fries oil steak carrot fresh omelette strawberry cauliflower fruit onion sugar celery fruit juice orange sweet (adj & n) cereal fry pan taste cheese frying pan pasta tea chicken glass pastry thirsty chips grape pea toast chocolate grill (n & v) peanut tomato cocoa honey pear turkey coconut hot pepper vanilla coffee hungry pie vegetable cola ice cream pizza vegetarian cook (v) ingredients plate Health, Medicine and Exercise accident clean headache recover ache cold (n) hospital run ambulance cough (n & v) hurt shoulder ankle cut ill skin appointment damage illness sore throat aspirin dentist injure stomach ache balance diet keep fit stress bandage dressing knee swim bend earache medicine tablet bleed (v) emergency operate take exercise blood (n) faint operation temperature bone feel better/ill/sick pain thumb break fever painful toes breath flu patient (n) toothache breathe get better/worse pharmacy walk chemist go jogging pill wound (n & v) chin gym(nastics) prescription Page 41
- 42. Hobbies and Leisure barbecue cruise hang out painting camera dancing hire picnic camp doll jogging playground camping drawing join in playing cards campsite facilities keen on quiz chess fan member(ship) sculpture club fiction model sightseeing collect(or) keep fit museum slide collection gallery music swings computer guitar opening hours sunbathe tent House and Home accommodation computer hi-fi repair address cooker house roof air-conditioning corridor housewife room alarm (fire/car) cottage housework roommate alarm clock cupboard iron rubbish antique curtain jug seat apartment cushion kettle sheet armchair desk kitchen shelf balcony digital (adj) ladder shower basement dining room lamp sink basin dish landlady sitting room bath dishwasher landlord sofa bathroom door laptop stairs bed downstairs (computer) step bedroom drawer laundry surround bell dustbin lavatory switch bin duvet lawn table blanket DVD (player) lift table-cloth blind electric(al) light tap block (of flats) entrance (clothes) line telephone (notice) board fan living-room television bookshelf fence lock toilet brick flat lounge tool brush flatmate microwave (n) towel bucket floor mirror tower bulb freezer mug toy candle fridge neighbour TV (screen/set) carpet frying pan oil upstairs (adv) cassette player furnished oven vase ceiling furniture pan video cellar garage path video recorder central heating garden pillow videotape chair gas pipe wall channel (with gate plant wash-basin TV) grill plug washing chest of drawers ground (floor) plug in machine chimney hall property wastepaper basket cloakroom handle radio WC clock heat (v) refrigerator window coal hedge rent Page 42
- 43. Language advanced elementary meaning shout answer email mention speak argue grammar message talk ask intermediate pronounce tell beginner interpret pronunciation translate chat joke question translation communicate letter say vocabulary communication mean sentence word Personal Feelings, Opinions and Experiences (Adjectives) able delighted jealous rich afraid depressed keen rude amazed difficult lazy sad amazing disappointed lucky satisfied amusing dizzy mad serious angry easy merry skilled annoyed embarrassed miserable slim anxious embarrassing negative smart ashamed excited nervous special awful exciting noisy strange bored fantastic normal strong boring fit old-fashioned stupid bossy fond ordinary sure brave frightened original surprised brilliant funny patient terrible calm generous personal tired challenging gentle pleasant true cheerful glad positive typical clever guilty punctual unable confident happy realistic unusual crazy hard reasonable well cruel healthy relaxed wonderful curious intelligent reliable Places: Buildings apartment block/ college kiosk shop block of flats cottage library sports centre bank department mosque stadium bookshop store museum supermarket café factory office block swimming pool castle gallery palace theatre cathedral garage police station tower church guest-house post office university cinema house prison clinic hospital ruin club hotel school Page 43
- 44. Places: Countryside area forest port sea bay harbour quay seaside beach hill railway sky canal island rainforest soil cliff lake region stream desert land river valley earth mountain rock village farm ocean sand waterfall field path scenery wood Places: Town and City airport crossroads road taxi rank bridge fountain roundabout tunnel bus station market route turning bus stop motorway shopping centre underground car park park signpost zoo city centre pavement square corner petrol station station crossing playground subway Services bank dry cleaner hotel sports centre café gallery library swimming pool cinema garage museum theatre dentist guest-house post office doctor hairdresser restaurant Shopping advertise choose expensive receipt assistant collect hire reduce bill complain inexpensive reduced book cost luxury rent buy credit card money reserve cash customer order return change dear pay save cheap deposit price sell cheque exchange reasonable Page 44
- 45. Sport athlete fitness motor-racing shorts athletics football net skateboard ball game point(s) skiing baseball goal practice squash basketball golf practise stadium bat gym(nastics) prize surfing boxing high jump race swimming champion hit (v) race track table-tennis changing room hockey racing take part climbing horse-riding racket team coach ice hockey reserve (n) tennis compete instructor riding track competition jogging rugby track suit court join in running trainer(s) cycling kick (v) sail (n & v) train(ing) dancing locker (room) sailing volleyball diving long jump score water skiing enter match season fishing motorcycling shoot(ing) Travel and Transport abroad car alarm duty-free luggage accommodation car park embassy map (aero)plane case euro motorbike/ bicycle/bike catch (v) exchange rate motorcycle airline change (v) facilities motorway airport charter fare nationality ambulance check in (v) ferry on board announcement check out (v) flight on business arrival check-in (n) fly on foot arrive coach foreign on holiday at sea confirm fuel on time backpack consul(ate) gate on vacation bag crossing guide operator baggage crossroads guidebook overnight board (v) currency guest overtake boarding pass customs guest-house parking lot boat customs officer handlebars parking space border cycle (n & v) harbour passenger brochure cyclist helicopter passport bus deck (of ship) hitch-hike path bus station delay hotel petrol bus stop deliver hovercraft petrol station by air depart hydrofoil petrol pump by land departure immigration pilot by rail destination inn platform by road direction interpret(er) railroad by sea document(s) jet railway cab dollar journey reception cabin double room land (v) reservation canal drive lorry reserve capital city driving licence lost property return car due (office) ride Page 45
- 46. road sign speed traffic lights underground roundabout subway train train route suitcase tram unleaded sail (v) take off translate vehicle scooter taxi translation visa seat belt taxi rank traveller’s cheque visit(or) (bus) service terminal trip voyage ship tour tunnel waiting-room sightseeing tourist tyre/tire windscreen signpost traffic underground single room traffic jam The Natural World animal environment mouse/mice summer autumn fall (Am Eng) nature sun beach farmland planet sunlight bird field plant sunrise branch fish pollution sunset bush flood rabbit sunshine cave flower rainforest tiger cliff forest range tree climate freeze river valley coal giraffe rock waterfall coast hill sand waves continent lake scenery wild countryside land shark wildlife desert leaf sky winter dolphin lion soil zebra duck monkey spring earth moon star elephant mountain stone Weather blow frost lightning sunshine centigrade fog mild temperature cloud foggy rain thermometer cloudy gale shower thunder(storm) cold get wet snow wet cool heat snowfall wind degrees hot storm windy dry ice sun forecast icy sunny Page 46
- 47. Work and Jobs (travel) agent dancer labourer priest actor dentist lawyer profession actress department lecturer professional application designer librarian professor apply detective manager (computer) architect diploma mechanic programmer army director model publisher artist diver musician qualification assistant doctor newsagent quit athlete employ (v) novelist reporter banker employee nurse retire boss employer occupation retirement businessman employment office sailor businesswoman engineer officer (e.g. salary butcher farmer prison/police) sales assistant cameraman film star operator salesman candidate fireman out of work saleswoman canteen flight attendant owner scientist captain full time part time secretary career factory pension(er) security guard chef farm photographer servant chemist flight attendant physician shopkeeper/ colleague greengrocer pilot shop assistant comedian grocer poet soldier company guard policeman staff conference hairdresser police officer taxi driver consul/consulate housewife policewoman teacher contract housework politician trade cook instructor porter unemployed crew interpreter postman wage(s) curriculum vitae journalist presenter (e.g. waiter/waitress / CV judge TV/radio) customs officer laboratory president Page 47
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