SQL express course for begginers

Course Content
321
5 64
7 8 9
Introduction to SQL
Basic concepts of
databases.
Relational database
objects.
Data types.
Queries
What is SQL?
What is DML?
The basic DML query
is SELECT, INSERT,
UPDATE, DELETE.
The basics of DDL
What is DDL?
CREATE, ALTER, DROP.
The concepts of user
restrictions, primary
and foreign keys.
JOINs
Internal connections.
External connections.
Review of
associations.
Nested queries
Nested queries.
Linked nested
queries.
Indexing
Btrees.
Consideration of all
kinds of indices.
Stored procedures
Views.
Conditional
constructions, loops,
processing of error
messages.
Stored procedures.
Functions.
Transactions. Triggers
Transactions.
Mechanisms of rollback
of transactions.
Triggers.
Aggregating functions
Group by
Having by

Introduction to SQL
Basic concepts of databases
Database (DB)
Database management system (DBMS)
Entity
Entity key
Transaction
1

Introduction to SQL
Relational database objects
Cluster
Catalog
Scheme
Table and view
Columns and
strings
1

Introduction to SQL
Relational database objects
Schema
Table
View
User
Synonym
Sequence
Index
Tablespace
Cluster
Partition
Function
Command
Trigger
Package
Snapshop
Database Link
Role
1

Introduction to SQL
Data types
Numeric: Date and time: String: Binary: Other:
BIT
TINYINT
SMALLINT
INT
BIGINT
DECIMAL
NUMERIC
MONEY
FLOAT
REAL
DATE
TIME
DATETIME
CHAR
VARCHAR
NCHAR
NVARCHAR
TEXT
NTEXT
BINARY
VARBINARY
UNIQUEIDENTIFIER
TIMESTAMP
CURSOR
SQL_VARIANT
XML
TABLE
GEOGRAPHY
GEOMETRY
link
1

Queries
What is SQL?
S     Structured
Q     Query
L     Language
2

Queries
What is DML?
D     Data
M     Manipulation
L     Language
2

Queries
The basic DML query is SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
SELECT [DISTINCT] column_list or *
FROM source
WHERE filter
ORDER BY expression_expression
2

Queries
SELECT *
FROM credit
2

Queries
SELECT *
FROM credit
SELECT Client_id, product_ref,current_payment
FROM dbo.credit
WHERE current_payment > 50
2

Queries
SELECT *
FROM credit
SELECT Client_id, product_ref,current_payment
FROM dbo.credit
WHERE current_payment > 50
SELECT 704*27.5, CURRENT_DATE, sin(1)
2

Queries
DISTINCT
SELECT client_id,product_code,product_ref
FROM credit
2

Queries
DISTINCT
SELECT client_id,product_code,product_ref
FROM credit
SELECT DISTINCT client_id
FROM credit
2

Queries
insert into <table name> ([<column name>, ... ]) values (<value>,...)
insert into credit(product_ref,current_payment) values('ABCDE@123456', 50.43);
2

Queries
insert into <table name> ([<column name>, ... ]) values (<value>,...)
insert into credit(product_ref,current_payment) values('ABCDE@123456', 50.43);
insert into <table name>([column name]) select <column list>... from <table name>
insert into credit(product_ref,current_payment)
select product_ref,current_payment
from clients
where current_payment >= 10
and current_payment < 5
2

Queries
UPDATE <table_name>
SET <column> = <value>
FROM <source_table>
Table _name
Column
Value
Source_table
2

Queries
DELETE FROM <table_name>
WHERE <condition>;
link
2

The basics of DDL
What is DDL?
D    Data
D    Definition
L    Language
3

The basics of DDL
CREATE TABLE table_name(
column1 datatype,
column2 datatype,
column3 datatype,
.....
columnN datatype,
PRIMARY KEY( one or more
columns )
);
CREATE TABLE credit
(
currency_rate numeric(5,2) NOT NULL DEFAULT(1.0),
current_payment numeric(10,2) NOT NULL,
days_past_due integer NOT NULL,
debt numeric(10,2) NOT NULL,
client_id integer NOT NULL,
product_ref character(19) NOT NULL,
product_pan character(25),
CONSTRAINT credit_pkey PRIMARY KEY (client_id, product_ref)
)
3

The basics of DDL
column1 datatype,
column2 datatype,
column3 datatype,
.....
columnN datatype,
columns )
);
CREATE TABLE credit
(
)
CREATE TABLE new_table_name AS
SELECT column1, column2,...
FROM existing_table_name
WHERE ....;
CREATE TABLE copy_credit AS
SELECT client_id, product_ref
FROM credit
WHERE current_payment =100
WHERE ....;
3

The basics of DDL
column1 datatype,
column2 datatype,
column3 datatype,
.....
columnN datatype,
columns )
);
CREATE TABLE credit
(
)
WHERE ....;
CREATE TABLE copy_credit AS
FROM credit
WHERE current_payment =100
WHERE ....;
SELECT column1, column2,…
INTO new_table_name
WHERE ....;
INTO new_table_name
FROM credit
WHERE current_payment=100;
3

The basics of DDL
ALTER TABLE table_name
ADD column_name datatype;
DROP COLUMN column_name;
ALTER COLUMN column_name datatype;
3

The basics of DDL
The concepts of user restrictions, primary and foreign keys.
Primary key
Only one
16 columns maximun
Default NOT NULL
Default clustered
3

The basics of DDL
The concepts of user restrictions primary and foreign keys.
Dbo.credit
Dbo.dic_productPrimary key and UNIQUE.
Same database.
Can "live" in one table.
Same datatypes
Without temporary tables
Varchar(max)
3

COUNT specifies the number of rows or field values that are selected by query and are
not NULL values;

SUM calculates the sum of all selected values of this field;
AVG calculates the average value for all selected values of this field;
МАХ calculates the largest of all selected values of this field;
MIN calculates the smallest of all selected values of this field.

The GROUP BY statement is often used with aggregate functions (COUNT,
MAX, MIN, SUM, AVG) to group the resultset by one or more columns.
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition
GROUP BY column_name(s)
ORDER BY column_name(s);
select ClientId,count(distinct RefContract),avg(lim)
from RM.tCards
where lim>1000
group by ClientID

The GROUP BY statement is often used with aggregate functions (COUNT,
MAX, MIN, SUM, AVG) to group the resultset by one or more columns.
FROM table_name
WHERE condition
select ClientId,count(distinct RefContract),avg(lim)
from RM.tCards
where lim>1000
group by ClientID
FROM table_name
WHERE condition
HAVING BY condition

Abs()
Current_date + interval '12 day'
Cast()
Case()
Date()
Isnull()
Trim()
Substring()
Replace()

JOINS
SELECT *
FROM Table_1 as t1
(LEFT|RIGHT) JOIN Table_2 as t2
ON {predicate}
WHERE {condition}

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SQL express course for begginers

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