Hybrid protocol for wireless EH network over weibull fading channel: performance analysis

International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)
Vol. 10, No. 1, February 2020, pp. 1085~1091
ISSN: 2088-8708, DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp1085-1091  1085
Journal homepage: http://ijece.iaescore.com/index.php/IJECE
Hybrid protocol for wireless EH network over weibull fading
channel: performance analysis
Phu Tran Tin1
, Tan N. Nguyen2
, Tran Thanh Trang3
1
Faculty of Electronics Technology, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
2
Wireless Communications Research Group, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Ton Duc Thang University, Vietnam
3
National Key Laboratory of Digital Control and System Engineering, Vietnam
Article Info ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received Apr 20, 2019
Revised Oct 4, 2019
Accepted Oct 15, 2019
In this paper, the hybrid TSR-PSR protocol for wireless energy harvesting
(EH) relaying network over the Weibull fading channel is investigated.
The system network is working in half-duplex (HD) mode. For evaluating
the system performance, the closed-form and integral-form expressions of
the outage probability (OP) are investigated and derived. After that,
numerical results convinced that our derived analytical results are the same
with the simulation results by using Monte Carlo simulation. This paper
provides a novel recommendation for the wireless EH relaying network.Keywords:
Energy harvesting
Monte Carlo simulations
Outage probability
TSR-PSR
Copyright © 2020 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science.
All rights reserved.
Corresponding Author:
Tan N. Nguyen,
Wireless Communications Research Group,
Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Email: nguyennhattan@tdtu.edu.vn
1. INTRODUCTION
Due to the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), 5G needs to support the massive
connectivity of users and/or devices to meet the demand for low latency, low-cost devices, and diverse
service types. However, energy harvesting (EH) and information transmission (IT) processes from the source
(S) node to the destination (D) node in the communication network may be interrupted by fading, shadowing,
and path loss. For solving this problem, the intermediate helping relay (R) node between the S node and D
node is considered as an excellent solution for enhancing the system performance [1-4]. There are many
types of research focused on the WCPN with helping the intermediate relay with perfect and imperfect
channel state information (CSI) as investigated in [5-7]. The authors in [8] investigated the fault-tolerant
schemes with the presence of imperfect CSI. Two primary protocols Half-duplex (HD) and Full-duplex (FD)
are popularly used in the relaying communication network. HD mode based on the simple design and
implementation is popularly used in the traditional wireless power communication networks. But the HD
scheme can transmit and receive the signal at the same time in the same frequency band, and then the HD
scheme has a massive spectrum efficiency loss [9-11]. In comparison with the HD scheme, the FD scheme
can receive and transmit signals continuously and can achieve up to double the capacity. In addition, the FD
can reduce spectral loss with the innovative in the antenna technology [12-14]. Based on these problems,
the hybrid TSR-PSR protocol can be considered as a novel solution for improving the system performance of
the wireless EH relaying network.

 ISSN: 2088-8708
Int J Elec & Comp Eng, Vol. 10, No. 1, February 2020 : 1085 - 1091
1086
In this paper, we propose and investigate the hybrid TSR-PSR protocol for wireless energy
harvesting (EH) relaying network over the Weibull fading channel in half-duplex (HD) mode. To evaluate
the performance of the proposed system, the closed-form and integral-form expression of the outage
probability (OP) is analyzed and derived. Numerical results confirm that our obtained analytical results
match well with the Monte Carlo simulations in connection with all possible system parameters. This paper
provides a novel recommendation for the wireless EH relaying network. The main contributions of this
research can be focused on as the followings:
a. We propose and investigate the hybrid TSR-PSR protocol for wireless EH relaying network over
the Weibull fading channel in HD mode.
b. We derive the closed-form and integral-form expressions of the OP.
c. The influence of all main system parameters on the outage probability is investigated and discussed.
d. All results are verified by the Monte Carlo simulation.
2. SYSTEM MODEL AND SYSTEM PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
The EH relaying network is illustrated in Figure 1. The energy harvesting (EH) and information
transmission (IT) of the model system are presented in Figure 2. In Figure 2, we denote T is the block time of
the EH and IT processes [13-15].
Energy Harvesting
(EH)
Information transmission
(IT)
S D
R
Figure 1. System model
EH at R
IT
RàD
(1-α)T/2
T
(1-α)T/2
SP
IT: SàR
(1 ) SP
EH at R
αT
Figure 2. EH and IT processes
2.1. Energy harvesting phase
The received signal at the relay R in the first interval time slot αT can be formulated as
1
r s s ry P hx n  (1)
Where Ps is the transmitting power of source S, h is channel gain and nr denoted the additive white Gaussian
noise (AWGN) which has zero-mean and variance N0
 2
1sx  which    is the expectation operator and sx is the energy symbol.
Based on (1), the harvested energy in the first timeslot can be given by
2
1 sE TP h (2)
Where 0 1  is the energy conversion efficiency.

Int J Elec & Comp Eng ISSN: 2088-8708 
Hybrid protocol for wireless EH network over weibull fading channel: performance analysis (Phu Tran Tin)
1087
The received signal at R in the second time slot can be expressed as
2
r s s ry P hx n  (3)
Therefore, the harvested energy in this time slot also can be given by
2
2
1
2
sE TP h


 
  
 
(4)
From (2) and (4), the total average transmitted power at the relay R can be obtained as
21 2
(1 ) / 2 (1 ) / 2
r
r s
E E E
P P h
T T

 

  
 
(5)
Where
2 (1 )
1
  


 


2.2. Information transmission phase
In the second interval time slot, the received signal at the relay R can be expressed as
(1 )r s s ry P hx n   (6)
In this model, we will consider the Amplify and Forward (AF) protocol. Hence the received signal and
transmitted signal at the relay R have a relationship with the following which denoted amplifying factor
2
0
1
(1 )
r
r
s
x
y P h N


 
 
(7)
Where rx is the transmitting signal at R
In the third time slot, the received signal at the destination D can be given as
d r dy gx n  (8)
Where g is channel gain of R-D link and nd is AWGN at the destination which has zero-mean and
variance N0 Substituting (6), (7) into (8), we have:
 (1 )
(1 )
d r d r d s s r d
s s r d
noisesignal
y gx n g y n g P hx n n
g P hx g n n
  
  
       
    (9)
The overall signal to noise ratio (SNR) from S to D can be obtained from (9)
 
 
2 2 2 2
22 2
0 0
(1 ) (1 )
(1 )
s
SRD
signal P h g XY
Yg N Nnoise
   

 
   
  
 
(8)
Where
2 2
0
, , sP
X h Y g
N
   
Remark
The cumulative density function (CDF) and probability density function (PDF) of random variable
(RV) X, Y can be calculated by [14], respectively.

 ISSN: 2088-8708
1088
( ) 1 exp
b
i
x
F x
a
  
    
   
(11)
Where ( , )i X Y , a and b are the Weibull parameter. From (11), PDF of X, Y can be obtained as
1
( ) exp
b b
i
b x x
f x
a a a

    
     
     
(12)
2.3. Outage probability (OP) analysis
The OP of the system can be defined as
 Pr SRD thOP    (13)
Where 2
2 1R
th   is the threshold of system and R: source rate
Substituting (10) into (13), we have
0
(1 )
Pr Pr
(1 ) (1 )
| ( )
(1 )
th th
th
th th
X Y
XY
OP X
Y Y
F Y y f y dy
Y
  

   
 
 

    
              
 
   
   

(14)
Combine with (11), (12), (14) can be rewritten as
1
0
1
1 exp exp
(1 )
b b
b th th
b b
b y
OP y dx
y aa a
 
 


      
            
          
 (15)
Special case
When b=1 Weibull fading will correspond to the Rayleigh fading channel
The (15) can be reformulated as
0
1
1 exp exp exp
(1 )
th th y
OP dx
a a y a
 
 

     
               
 (16)
Apply eq [3.324,1] of table of integral [16], The (16) can be rewritten as
11 2exp 2
(1 )
th th th
OP K
a a a
  
  
  
              
(17)
Where ( )vK  is the modified Bessel function of the second kind and vth
order.
3. RESULTS AND AND DISCUSSION
For validation, the correctness of the derived system performance expressions, as well as
investigation of the effect of various parameters on the system performance, a set of Monte Carlo simulations
are conducted in this section [17-25]. The system OP versus α and ρ is plotted in Figure 3 with basic system
parameters as b=0.5, Δ=10 dB. In this analysis, the α and ρ vary from 0 to 1 continuously. From the research
results, the system OP increases significantly with rising the α and ρ to 1. All the simulation and analytical
curves matched well with each other.
Furthermore, Figure 4 shows the connection between the system OP and TS factor α with R=0.5
bps, ρ=0.5 and η=0.8. As shown in Figure 4, we can see that the system OP has a decrease when the TS
factor α varies from 0 to 1 in connection with the fact that more power is used for harvesting energy at R than

1089
power is used for information transmission between D,R and S. Again all simulation and analytical results
agree well with each other.
Moreover, the function of the OP on the energy conversion efficiency η is illustrated in Figure 5.
Here we set the main system parameters as R=0.5 bps, Δ=5 dB, and b=0.5. Similar to the above cases, the OP
of the model system increase crucially while the energy conversion efficiency varies from 0 to 1. It can be
observed that the more efficient energy conversion of the system the less outage probability. In addition,
the analytical curve is the same as the simulation curve as shown in Figure 5. Finally, the OP versus
the source rate R is shown in Figure 6 with α=0.5, η=0.8 and γ0= 5, 10 dB. From the results, the OP increases
significantly when the source rate increases from 0 to 7. We can see that the simulation and the analytical
result are the same with all values of the source rate R.
Figure 3. OP versus α and ρ Figure 4. OP versus α
Figure 5. OP versus η Figure 6. OP versus R
4. CONCLUSION
In this paper, the hybrid TSR-PSR protocol for wireless EH relaying network over the Weibull
fading channel in HD mode is investigated. To evaluate the performance of the proposed system, the closed-
form and integral-form expression of the OP is analyzed and derived. Numerical results confirm that our
derived analytical results match well with the Monte Carlo simulations in connection with all possible system
parameters. This paper provides a recommendation for the wireless EH relaying network
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This research was supported by National Key Laboratory of Digital Control and System
Engineering (DCSELAB), HCMUT, VNU-HCM, Vietnam.

 ISSN: 2088-8708
1090
REFERENCES
[1] Chen, He, Chao Zhai, Yonghui Li, and Branka Vucetic, "Cooperative Strategies for Wireless-Powered
Communications: An Overview," IEEE Wireless Communications, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 112-19, 2018.
doi:10.1109/mwc.2017.1700245.
[2] Yu, H., Lee, H., and Jeon, H., "What is 5G? Emerging 5G Mobile Services and Network Requirements,"
Sustainability, vol. 9, pp. 1848, 2017.
[3] Sharma, V., and Karmakar, P.,"A Novel Method of Opportunistic Wireless Energy Harvesting in Cognitive Radio
Networks," 2015 7thInternational Conference on Computational Intelligence, CommunicationSystems and
Networks, 2015. doi:10.1109/cicsyn.2015.21.
[4] Boccardi, Federico, Robert Heath, Angel Lozano, Thomas Marzetta, and Petar Popovski, "Five Disruptive
Technology Directions for 5G," IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 74-80, 2014.
doi:10.1109/mcom.2014.6736746.
[5] Nasir, Ali A., Xiangyun Zhou, Salman Durrani, and Rodney A. Kennedy, "Relaying Protocols for Wireless
Energy Harvesting and Information Processing," IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 12, no. 7,
pp. 3622–3636, 2013. doi:10.1109/twc.2013.062413.122042
[6] Choi, Dongwook, and Jae Hong Lee, "Outage Probability of Two-Way Full-Duplex Relaying With
Imperfect Channel State Information," IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 933–936, 2014.
doi:10.1109/lcomm.2014.2320940.
[7] Z. Ding, C. Zhong, D. W. K. Ng, M. Peng, H. A. Suraweera, R.Schober and H. V. Poor, "Application of smart
antenna technologies in simultaneous wireless information and power transfer," IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 53,
pp. 86-93, Apr. 2015.
[8] Tourki, Kamel, Khalid A. Qaraqe, and Mohamed-Slim Alouini, "Outage Analysis for Underlay Cognitive
Networks Using Incremental Regenerative Relaying," IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 62, no. 2,
pp. 721–734, 2013. doi:10.1109/tvt.2012.2222947.
[9] Okandeji, Alexander A., Muhammad R. A. Khandaker, and Kai-Kit Wong, "Wireless Information and Power
Transfer in Full-Duplex Communication Systems," 2016 IEEE International Conference on Communications
(ICC), 2016. doi:10.1109/icc.2016.7511169.
[10] Nasir, Ali A., Xiangyun Zhou, Salman Durrani, and Rodney A. Kennedy, "Throughput and Ergodic Capacity
of Wireless Energy Harvesting Based DF Relaying Network," 2014 IEEE International Conference on
Communications (ICC), 2014. doi:10.1109/icc.2014.6883957.
[11] Baidas, Mohammed W., and Emad A. Alsusa, "Power Allocation, Relay Selection and Energy Cooperation
Strategies in Energy Harvesting Cooperative Wireless Networks," Wireless Communications and Mobile
Computing, vol. 16, no. 14, pp. 2065–2082, 2016. doi:10.1002/wcm.2668.
[12] H. A. Suraweera, I. Krikidis, G. Zheng, C.Yuen and P. J. Smith, "Low-complexity end-to-end performance
optimization in MIMO full-duplex relay systems," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 13, pp. 913-927,
Feb. 2014.
[13] C. Zhong, H. A. Suraweera, G. Zheng, I. Krikidis and Z. Zhang, "Wireless Information and Power Transfer With
Full-Duplex Relaying," in IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 62, no. 10, pp. 3447-3461, Oct. 2014.
doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2014.2357423
[14] A. Chaminda, J. Samarasekera, Dac-Binh Ha, H. K. Nguyen, "Best relay selection for underlay cognitive relaying
networks over Weibull fading channels," Proc. of ComManTel 2014, 2014.
[15] Nasir, Ali A., Xiangyun Zhou, Salman Durrani, and Rodney A. Kennedy, "Relaying Protocols for Wireless
Energy Harvesting and Information Processing," IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 12, no. 7,
pp. 3622-636, 2013. doi:10.1109/twc.2013.062413.122042.
[16] Table of Integrals, Series, and Products, 2015. doi:10.1016/c2010-0-64839-5.
[17] Zhong, Caijun, Shi Jin, Kai-Kit Wong, and Matthew R. Mckay, "Ergodic Mutual Information Analysis for Multi-
Keyhole MIMO Channels," IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 1754-763, 2011.
doi:10.1109/twc.2011.041311.091011.
[18] Nguyen, Tan N., Minh Tran, Phuong T. Tran, Phu Tran Tin, Thanh-Long Nguyen, Duy-Hung Ha, and Miroslav
Voznak, "On the Performance of Power Splitting Energy Harvested Wireless Full-Duplex Relaying Network with
Imperfect CSI over Dissimilar Channels," Security and Communication Networks 2018, pp. 1-11, 2018.
doi:10.1155/2018/6036087.
[19] Nguyen, Tan N., Tran Hoang Quang Minh, Phuong T. Tran, Miroslav Voznak, Tran Trung Duy, Thanh-Long
Nguyen, and Phu Tran Tin, "Performance Enhancement for Energy Harvesting Based Two-way Relay Protocols in
Wireless Ad-hoc Networks with Partial and Full Relay Selection Methods," Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 84, pp. 178-87,
2019. doi:10.1016/j.adhoc.2018.10.005.
[20] Nguyen, Tan, Phu Tran Tin, Duy Ha, Miroslav Voznak, Phuong Tran, Minh Tran, and Thanh-Long Nguyen,
"Hybrid TSR–PSR Alternate Energy Harvesting Relay Network over Rician Fading Channels: Outage Probability
and SER Analysis," Sensors, vol. 18, no. 11, pp. 3839, 2018. doi:10.3390/s18113839.
[21] Nguyen, Tan, Tran Quang Minh, Phuong Tran, and Miroslav Vozňák, "Energy Harvesting over Rician Fading
Channel: A Performance Analysis for Half-Duplex Bidirectional Sensor Networks under Hardware Impairments,"
Sensors, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 1781, 2018. doi:10.3390/s18061781.
[22] Nguyen, Tan N., Phuong T. Tran, Tran Hoang Quang Minh, Miroslav Voznak, and Lukas Sevcik, "Two-Way Half
Duplex Decode and Forward Relaying Network with Hardware Impairment over Rician Fading Channel: System
Performance Analysis," Elektronika Ir Elektrotechnika, vol. 24, no. 2, 2018. doi:10.5755/j01.eie.24.2.20639.

1091
[23] Tin, Phu Tran, Minh Tran, Tan N. Nguyen, and Thanh-Long Nguyen, "A New Look at Energy Harvesting Half-
duplex DF Power Splitting Protocol Relay Network over Rician Channel in Case of Maximizing Capacity."
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (IJEECS), vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 249, 2019.
doi:10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i1.pp249-257.
[24] Tin, Phu Tran, Le Anh Vu, Tan N. Nguyen, and Thanh-Long Nguyen. "User Selection Protocol in DF Cooperative
Networks with Hybrid TSR-PSR Protocol Based Full-duplex Energy Harvesting over Rayleigh Fading Channel:
System Performance Analysis." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (IJEECS),
vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 534, 2019. doi:10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i2.pp534-542.
[25] Tin, PhuTran, Minh Tran, Tan N. Nguyen, and Thanh-Long Nguyen, "System Performance Analysis of Hybrid
Time-power Switching Protocol of EH Bidirectional Relaying Network in Amplify-and-forward Mode,"
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (IJEECS), vol. 14, no. 1, vol. 118, 2019.
doi:10.11591/ijeecs.v14.i1.pp118-126.

Hybrid protocol for wireless EH network over weibull fading channel: performance analysis

More Related Content

What's hot (20)

Similar to Hybrid protocol for wireless EH network over weibull fading channel: performance analysis (20)

More from IJECEIAES (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

Hybrid protocol for wireless EH network over weibull fading channel: performance analysis