Presentation on computer networking

Presented By- Jyoti Tiwari
MCA 1st Semester
Batch- 2015-2018

TABLE OF CONTENT
Computer Networks
Computer Network Communication
Types of Network
Local Area Network(LAN)
Metropolitan Area Network(MAN)
Wide Area Network(WAN)
Comparison of LAN,MAN,WAN
Network Topology
Bus Topology
Ring Topology
Star Topology
Differences
Conclusion
References

Computer network
A computer network is a system of interconnected
computers and peripheral devices.
For example, it may connect computers, printers,
scanners and cameras.
Computer network communication
We transmit information or data by using two types of
signals, namely analog and digital.
Computers communicate with digital signals.
The older forms of communications technology, such as
telephones and radios, use analog signals.

Types of Networks
Computer Networks are differentiated between three
types of Computer Networks such as LAN, MAN, WAN.
LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN):
Smallest network evaluated to the added two networks.
The simplest type of LAN is to join two computers
collectively.
LAN is maneuvered within a partial physical area, for
instance at home, a single building, school, or several
buildings.
A network which consists of less than 500 interconnected
devices across several buildings, is still recognized as a
LAN.

METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK
(MAN):
‘Metropolitan' - Describes important cities such as Kuala
Lumpur, Manila, Singapore, Tokyo, London and New York.
located at different sites within a large physical area,
such as a city.
Companies that have several branches within the Kuala
Lumpur city such as banks, use a MAN.
setting up a MAN across long distances can be best
connected using fiber optics as well as can be a collection
of several LANs within the same city.
It often acts as a high speed network (although not as fast
as a LAN) to allow sharing of regional resources.
MAN can be defined as a group of computers and network
devices connected together within a large physical area.

WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN):
The largest network of all network types.
Internet is the largest WAN in the world.
WAN generally covers large distances such as states,
countries or continents.
EG: Local banks have always maintained their business
online by connecting all computers of their branches in the
countries. International banks also use WAN to connect
their computers all over the world.
WAN is a group of MANs or LANs or the mixture of both
networks.

Network Topology:
Majorly topologies are differentiated between three types of
topologies i.e. bus, ring, star.
Bus Topology:
A bus topology consists of a single central cable to which all
computers and other devices connect. A bus topology is also
known as a bus network.
DESCRIPTION OF BUS TOPOLOGY
Very common in LAN.
Must have a common backbone (the central cable) to
connect all devices.
All nodes share the backbone to communicate with each
other on the network.
Sometimes, a bus network has more than one server.
Sometimes, a server is not needed on the network.

Ring Topology:
A ring topology consists of all computers and other devices
that are connected in a loop. Ring topology is also known as
a ring network.
DESCRIPTION OF RING TOPOLOGY:
Can be found in LAN.
Each node directly connect to two neighboring nodes.
A server may exist in a ring network, but it will not connect
to all the nodes in the network.
The server, like other nodes, will only communicate to its
two neighboring nodes

Star Topology:
A star topology consists of a central host which acts as the
centre, and all nodes connect to the host. A star topology is also
known as star network.
DESCRIPTION OF STAR TOPOLOGY:
A star network is found in a Local Area Network setting.
A star network must have a host which acts as the centre.
The host can be a server, hub or router.
In a star network, every node will not connect to the
neighboring nodes.
Every node must connect to the host in order to
communicate.
The host will control the flow of communication in the

Differences:
Bus Topology Ring Topology Star Topology
Structure there is a single
central cable (backbone) and
all computers and other
devices connect to it
all computers and other
devices are
connected in a circle
there is a central host
and all nodes
connect to it
Host existence depends on network
Needs
depends on network
needs
yes
Connection
between nodes
It has no connection
between the nodes.
Yes no
Host failure network can still run network will fail network will fail
Node failure network can still run network will fail network can still run
Ease of
troubleshooting
difficult. Need to
search for the
problematic node one by one
depends on backbone. If
there is a backbone,
troubleshooting is
difficult. If there is no
backbone, the focus is on
the two nodes not
communicating
depends on the host. It
is easier to repair the
problematic host.
However, if the nodes
fail, then each node has
to be searched
Ease of adding
or removing nodes
easy difficult average
Number of nodes
when extending
network
many limited limited

Conclusion
Computer Networks basically used in sharing the
information or data.
It also used to inter, intra and extra connect with
each other whatever the location is such as
building, city, nation or country.
Computer network works on basis of topologies and
technical communication barriers which flows the
effective information for best visible growth.
It also includes new developments according
today’s era.
Internet, server etc are the example of computer
networks.

References:
Some references through the various websites.
A book of IT & Computer Fundamentals.
And some dictionary and wikipedia.

Presentation on computer networking

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Presentation on computer networking