Container Security

with Falco
Lorenzo David, Senior Software Engineer at Sysdig
Torino
• What Security problems does Falco solve?

• Falco Architecture and Design
• Falco in Action !
Agenda
What Security problem

Falco solves?
Infrastructure Activities
Allowed
Non

Authorized
Infrastructure Activities
Allowed
Non

Authorized
Suspicious


Prevention
Enforcing security policies
Infrastructure Activities
Allowed
Non

Authorized


Detection
Spotting anormal behaviours
Suspicious
Detection
Forensic Runtime Forcast
Falco
What is Falco?
Falco
Docker and Kubernetes 

aware
CNCF 

Sandbox Project
Open Source Runtime Behavioral Activity Monitor 

Container Native Infrastructure
and other…
What does Falco 

actually do?
Form Factor
Linux Container



$ docker run falcosecurity/falco
Linux Program



$ apt-get install -y falco
falco.org/docs/installation
In a nutshel…
1)
2)
How Falco does that?
It all started with Sysdig…
Sysdig
Falco
github.com/draios/sysdig
github.com/falcosecurity/falco
Single host
Kernel
Userspace
nginx
(container)
mongo
(container)
Java Virtual Machine
POSIX interface
cassandra
Bare-metal or Virtual Machine
Sysdig
Kernel Instrumentation
Kernel
Userspace
Host
nginx
(container)
myapp
(container)
JVM
Linux Kernel
Module
cassandra
Programs and Containers System Calls
tracepoint
system call
Sysdig
User Space Filtering
Kernel
Userspace
Host
nginx
(container)
myapp
(container)
JVM
Linux Kernel
Module
cassandra
…
System
call
Collector
Complex filtering engine
…
Filtering
tracepoint
system call
Sysdig
Support for ebpf
Kernel
Userspace
Host
nginx
(container)
myapp
(container)
JVM
ebpf
cassandra
…
System
call
Collector
…
Filtering
tracepoint
system call
February 27, 2019 - sysdig.com/blog/sysdig-and-falco-now-powered-by-ebpf
Beyond System Call
Sysdig
Instrumentation
Host
nginx
(container)
myapp
(container)
JVM
ebpf
cassandra
…
Statsd metrics
Statsd
metric
Collector
Filtering
statsd
System
call
Collector
Sysdig
Instrumentation
Host
nginx
(container)
myapp
(container)
JVM
ebpf
cassandra
JMX
metric
Collector
JMX metrics
…
Filtering
JMX
System
call
Collector
Back to Falco
Falco
Filtering
Detection workflow
Host
nginx
(container)
myapp
(container)
JVM
interface
cassandra
Rule engine
Falco Ruleset
ALERT
!
ebpf
clone + exec shell
A shell was used as the entrypoint/exec point into a
container with an attached terminal.
condition: >
spawned_process and container
and shell_procs and proc.tty != 0
and container_entrypoint
……
System
call
Collector
Falco Rules
- rule: Terminal shell in container

desc: A shell was used as the entrypoint/exec point into a container with an
attached terminal.

condition: >
spawned_process and container
and shell_procs and proc.tty != 0
and container_entrypoint

output: >
A shell was spawned in a container with an attached terminal 

(user=%user.name %container.info shell=%proc.name parent=%proc.pname
cmdline=%proc.cmdline terminal=%proc.tty)

priority: NOTICE

tags: [container, shell]
falco.org/docs/rules/default-custom/
Falco and Kubernetes
Kubernetes
Host Host Host
SVC (1)
SVC (2)
SVC (3)
Falco Daemonset
Host Host Host
SVC (1)
SVC (2)
SVC (3)
Falco Falco Falco
Falco
Daemonset
github.com/falcosecurity/falco/tree/dev/integrations/k8s-using-daemonset
Orchestrator Metadata
nginx
(container)
myapp
(container)
Orchestrator
metadata
Kubernetes
API

Server
dev prodFalco
ebpf
…
System
call
Collector
…
Filtering
Rule engine
Falco Ruleset
ClusterName: demo-kubeaws

KubernetesNodeName: ip-10-1.ec2.internal

Deployment: example-demo-app

Kubernetes Audit Events
nginx
(container)
myapp
(container)
Kubernetes
API

Server
Falco
ebpf
…
System
call
Collector
Webhook
k8s audit
Delete Pod

myapp
Kubernetes Audit 

Events

(json stream)
Filtering
Rule engine
ALERT
!
Falco Ruleset
November 12, 2018 - sysdig.com/blog/falco-0-13-released-kubernetes-audit-support/
Falco Rules
# Detect any new pod created in the kube-system namespace


- rule: Pod Created in Kube Namespace

desc: Detect any attempt to create a pod in the kube-system 

or kube-public namespaces

condition: kevt and pod and kcreate and ka.target.namespace in 

(kube-system, kube-public)

output: Pod created in kube namespace 

(user=%ka.user.name pod=%ka.resp.name ns=%ka.target.namespace

image=%ka.req.container.image)

priority: WARNING

source: k8s_audit

tags: [k8s]

Container Metadata and Kubernetes Audit Events
Falco as building block
Falco
Elasticsearch, Fluentd and Kibana
Stdout
Syslog
File
Shell
Alerting
Kibana
ElasticSearch
Fluentd
Filtering
Rule engine
……
System
call
Collector
sysdig.com/blog/kubernetes-security-logging-fluentd-falco
EFK Falco
sysdig.com/blog/kubernetes-security-logging-fluentd-falco
• What Security problems does Falco solve?

• Falco Architecture and Design
• Falco in Action !
Thank you!
We’re hiring.
Github
• https://github.com/falcosecurity/falco
Documentation
• https://github.com/falcosecurity/falco/wiki
Docker Hub
• https://hub.docker.com/r/falcosecurity/falco/
Join the community.
Website
https://falco.org
Public Slack
http://slack.sysdig.com/
https://sysdig.slack.com/messages/falco
Blog
https://sysdig.com/blog/tag/falco/

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David container security-with_falco