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Nidhi biomedical waste management ppt
- 1. Ms. Nidhi Chauhan M.Sc Nursing Previous 2017 Govt. College of Nursing, Jodhpur
- 2. “Any waste, which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals or research activities pertaining thereto or in the production or testing of biological or in health camps, including the categories mentioned in Schedule I appended to BMW rules 2016” -World Health Organization
- 3. Hospital waste: refers to all waste, biological or non biological that is discarded and is not intended for future use. Medical waste: refers to material generated as a result of patient diagnosis, treatment, immunization of human being or animals.
- 4. Infectious waste: are the portion of medical waste that could transmit an infectious disease. Pathological waste: waste removed during surgery, autopsy or other medical procedures including human tissues, organs, body parts, body fluids and specimen along their container.
- 5. Major sources Minor sources •Hospitals •Clinics •Labs •Dental clinics •Research centers •Home care •Animal research •Cosmetic clinics •Blood banks •Paramedics •Nursing homes •Funereal services •Mortuaries •Institutions
- 8. 80% 15% 3% 1% 1% Non infectious waste Pathological and infectious waste Chemical and pharmaceutical waste Sharps Radioactive,cytotoxic and heavy metals
- 9. WASTE CATEGORIES TYPES OF WASTE Category no. 1 Human anatomical waste(Human tissues, organs, body parts) Category no. 2 Animal Waste(Animal tissues, organs, body parts, carcasses, bleeding parts, fluid, blood) Category no. 3 Microbiological and biotechnological waste(Wastes from laboratory cultures, stocks or specimen of organism) Category no. 4 Waste sharps(Needles, syringes, scalpels, blades, glass, etc. that may cause puncture and cuts) Category no. 5 Discarded medicine, cytotoxic waste(Wastes comprising of outdated, contaminated, discarded medicines) Category no. 6 Soiled waste(Items contaminated with body fluids including cotton, dressings, soiled plaster casts) Category no. 7 Solid waste(Waste generated from disposable items as tubing, catheters, intravenous set) Category no. 8 Liquid waste(Waste generated from the laboratory and washing, cleaning) Category no. 9 Incineration waste(Ash from incineration of any biomedical waste) Category no. 10 Chemical waste(Chemicals used in production of biological, chemicals used in disinfecting)
- 13. Occupier shall take all necessary steps to ensure that bio-medical waste is handled. Make a provision to follow the standard color coding system. Phase out use of chlorinated plastic bags, gloves and blood bags within 2 year Pretreatment of the laboratory waste ,microbiological waste, blood samples and blood bags through disinfection or sterilization. Conduct check up and immunization of the workers every year. Report major accidents.
- 14. Annual report of training program should be maintained. Occupational safety of all health care workers. Untreated human anatomical waste, animal anatomical waste, soiled waste and, biotechnology waste shall not be stored beyond a period of 48 hours: Maintain and update on day to day basis the bio-medical waste management register. Establish a system to review and monitor the activities related to BMW by forming a committee.
- 15. 1 •Survey of waste generated 2 •Segregation of hospital waste 3 •Collection and categorization of waste 4 •Storage of waste 5 •Transportation of waste 6 •Treatment of waste
- 16. GENERATORS (Hospitals) In house segregation (collection , segregation, packing in color coded bags) Common storage point at hospitals Transportation (Approved special vehicles) Unloading the waste collected Treatment (Incineration , autoclaving , shredding) Disposal (Recycling and landfill) Waste water to TP Reuse
- 17. Differentiate the types of waste Quantity the waste generated Determine the points of generation and types of waste generated at each point Determine the level of generation and disinfection within the hospital
- 18. It refers to the basic separation of different category of waste generated at source and thereby reducing the risks as well as cost of handling and disposal. Segregation is the most crucial step in BMW management. Effective segregation alone can ensure effective BMW management.
- 21. The bins and bags should carry the biohazard symbol indicating the nature of waste to the patient and public. Labels shall be non washable and prominently visible.
- 22. The collection of BMW involves of different types of containers. The containers should be placed in such a way that 100% collection is achieved. Sharps must always be kept in puncture proof containers to avoid injuries and infection to the waste handlers. BMW should be handled properly by using universal precautions to prevent from any kind of infection.
- 23. Once collection occurs then biomedical waste is stored in proper place. Segregated waste of different categories need to be collected in identifiable containers. The duration of storage should not exceed 8-10 hours in big hospitals and 24 hours in nursing homes. Each container should be clearly labeled to show the ward where it is kept.
- 25. Transportation devices- Trolleys Wheelbarrows Manual loading should be avoided as far as possible. The containers should be tied before transportation. Container should be accompanied with a signed document by nurse/doctors mentioning date , shift ,quantity and destination.
- 29. Avoid needle stick injuries. Avoid spilling and clean them with disinfectant. Proper labeling should be done of the bags. Make the provision of safe segregation, handling and transport of BMW. Use universal precautions to avoid infection. Immunize self and others time to time and maintain the records. Report major accidents. Regular visits of all the wards and high risk units.