Computer Science:Sql Set Operation
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The document discusses different SQL set operations - UNION, UNION ALL, INTERSECT, and MINUS. UNION combines results from two queries while eliminating duplicates. UNION ALL combines results and keeps duplicates. INTERSECT returns rows that are output from both queries. MINUS returns rows that are in the first query but not the second. Each set operation has specific rules regarding column names, data types, and order between the two queries being combined.
Computer Science:Sql Set Operation
- 1. SQL SET OPERATION Seena.K Assistant Professor Department of Vocational Studies St. Mary’s College, Thrissur
- 2. Sql Set Operations,Seena.k.,St.Mary’s College SET OPERATION The SQL Set operation is used to combine the two or more SQL SELECT statements. Types of Set operation 1. Union 2. UnionAll 3. Intersect 4. Minus
- 3. Sql Set operations,Seena.k.,St.Mary’s College UNION OPERATOR This operator is used to combine two similar queries results into one single result. Here both the queries should have same number of columns and all the respective columns should be of same datatypes. The order of columns in both the queries should also be same. This operator eliminates the duplicate records and displays single record. The resultant records are sorted in ascending order by default.
- 4. Sql Set operations,Seena.k.,St.Mary’s College Rules For Using Union Operator 1. To use this UNION clause, each SELECT statement must have 2. The same number of columns selected 3. The same number of column expressions 4. The same data type and 5. Have them in the same order 6. But they need not have to be in the same length
- 5. Sql Set operations,Seena.k.,St.Mary’s College Syntax For Union Operator SELECT Column_ name From table1 UNION SELECT Column_name From table2 If we need to retain the duplicate value in the resultset,then we have to use UNION ALL operator
- 6. Example For Union Operator First table Second table ID NAME 1 Jack 2 Harry 3 Jackson ID NAME 3 Jackson 4 Stephan 5 David QUERY : Result Set table SELECT * FROM First UNION SELECT * FROM Second; Sql Set operations,Seena.k.,St.Mary’s College ID NAME 1 Jack 2 Harry 3 Jackson 4 Stephan 5 David
- 7. UNION ALL OPERATOR Union All operation is equal to the Union operation.it returns the set without removing duplication and sorting the data Syntax SELECT Column_name FROM table1 UNION ALL SELECT Column_name FROM table2; Union Query SELECT * FROM First UNION ALL SELECT * FROM Second Sql Set operations,Seena.k.,St.Mary’s College
- 8. The Result Set table ID NAME 1 Jack 2 Harry 3 Jackson 3 Jackson 4 Stephan 5 David Sql Set operations,Seena.k.,St.Mary’s College
- 9. Sql Set operations,Seena.k.,St.Mary’s College INTERSECTION OPERATOR operator compares the result of two queries and returns the distinct rows that are output by both queries Here both the queries should have same number of columns and all the respective columns should be of same datatypes. Syntax SELECT column_name From Table1 INTERSECT SELECT column_name From Table2
- 10. Sql Set operations,Seena.k.,St.Mary’s College Rules for Using Intersect Operator The number and the order of the column must be the same in the two queries The data type of the corresponding columns must be in the same data type group such as numeric or character. SELECT *FROM First INTERSECT SELECT * FROM Second Result Table :- ID NAME 3 Jackson
- 11. Sql Set operations,Seena.k.,St.Mary’s College MINUS OPERATOR This operator is used to display the records that are present only in the first table or query, and doesn’t present in second table / query. It basically subtracts the first query results from the second. Syntax SELECT Column_list1,Column_list2 From Table1 MINUS SELECT Column_lis1,Column_list2 From Table2
- 12. Sql Set operations,Seena.k.,St.Mary’s College MINUS OPERATOR Minus query SELECT * FROM First MINUS SELECT * From Second The Result Set Table ID NAME 1 Jack 2 Harry
- 13. Sql Set operations,Seena.k,St.Mar’ys College REFERENCE https://www.javapoint.com