nanotechnology in civil engineering
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Nano technology involves manipulating materials at the nanometer scale to develop new large scale materials with improved properties. In civil engineering, nano technology is being applied to concrete, glass, steel, and coatings to enhance strength, durability, and other qualities. Some applications include using nano silica to strengthen concrete, titanium dioxide to provide self-cleaning and anti-microbial properties to surfaces, and carbon nanotubes to reinforce cement and increase its mechanical properties. Nano technology shows promise for significantly advancing materials used in civil engineering construction and infrastructure.
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nanotechnology in civil engineering
- 2. WHAT IS NANO TECHNOLOGY….. ??? &WHAT IS ITS IMPACT IN CIVIL ENGINEERING ……???
- 3. NANOTECHNOLOGY IS THE USE OF VERY SMALL PARTICALS OF MATERIALS EITHER BY THEMSELVES OR BY THEIR MANIPULATION TO CREATE THE NEW LARGE SCALE MATERILAS.NANOMETER IS A BILLIONTH OF A METER .DECISIVE MATERIALS PROPERTIES CAN BE DELIBERATELY IMPROVED BY INTRODUCING CHARATERISTICS STRUCTURES ON THE NANO SCALETHE CONSTRUCTION BUSINESS WILL INEVITABLY BE A BENIFICARY OF THIS NANOTECHNOLOGY :INFACT IT’S ALREADY IN THE FIELDS OF …….
- 4. CONCRETE
- 5. GLASS
- 6. STEEL
- 7. COATINGSNANOTECHNOLOGY & CONCRETE
- 8. AT THE BASIC SCIENCE LEVEL,MUCH ANALYSIS OF CONCRETE IS BEING DONE AT THE NANO-LEVEL IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND ITS STRUCTURE USING THE VARIOUS TECHNIQUES DEVELOPED FOR STUDY AT THAT SCALE.CONCRETE IS AFTER ALL ,MACRO-MATERIAL STRONGLY INFLUENCED BY ITS NANO-PROPERTIES AND UNDERSTANDING IT AT THIS NEW LEVEL IS YIELDING NEW AVENUE’S FOR IMPROVEMENT OF STRENGTH,DURABLITY & MONITERING .NANOTECHNOLOGY IN CONCRETE
- 9. IN CONCRETE NANO PARTICLES MAINLY USED ARE:---NANO SILICA.
- 11. CARBON-NANOTUBE.NANO SILICANANO SILICA ADDITION TO CEMENT BASE MATERIALS CAN CONTROL THE DEGRADATION OF THE FUNDEMENTAL C-S-H(CALICIUM-SILICATE-HYBRATE)REACTION OF CONCRETE CAUSE BY CALICIUM LEACHING IN WATER AS WELL AS BLOCK WATER PENETRATION AND THEREFORE LEADS TO IMPROVEMENTS IN DURABLITY.
- 12. WHEN RELEATED TO OPC AS A RESULT THE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF THE MATERIAL IS 3-6 TIMES HIGHER.FLY ASH IT IS ANOTHER NANO PARTICAL THAT IMPROVES CONCRETE DURABLITY,STRENGTH & IMPORTANTLY FOR SUSTANABLITY AND REPLACING CEMENT,HOWEVER ,THE CURING PROCESS OF CONCRETE IS SLOWED BY ADDITION OF FLYASH, AT EARLY STAGE STRENGTH IS ALSO LOW IN COMPARISION TO NORMAL CONCRETE .
- 13. WITH THE ADDITION OF SIO2 NANO PARTICALS ADDED TO CONCRETE HAS SHOWN THAT THEY ALSO INCRESE STRENGTH THAT REPLACES DENCITY IN EARLYER STAGES.ANOTHER TYPE OF NANO PARTICLE ADDED TO CONCRETE TO IMPROVE ITS PROPERTIES IS TI02 TIO2 IS A WHITE PIGMENT AND CAN BE USED AS AN EXCELLENT REFLECIVE COATING .TIO2 BREAKS DOWN ORGANIC POLLUTANTS ,VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPONDS ,BACTERIAL MEMBRANE’S THROUGH POWERFUL CATALYTIC RECTIONS.ADDITIONALLY IT IS HYDRO PHILIC AND THEREFORE GIVES SELF CLEANING PROPERTIES TO SURFACE TO WHICH IT IS A PLANE.TITANIUM-DIOXIDE
- 14. CARBON NANOTUBE(CNT’S)IN ADDITION OF SMALL AMMOUNTS (1% WT) OF CNT’S CAN IMPROVE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SAMPLE MAIN PORTLAND CEMENT PHASE AND WATER (MWNT’S) SHOWS BEST IMPROVEMENTS BOTH IN COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (+25N/MM2) AND FLEXURAL STRENGTH (+8N/MM2) COMPARED TO THE REFERENCE SAMPLE WITHOUT REENFORCEMENT .NANOTECHNOLOGY AND GLASS
- 15. NANO IN GLASSTIO2 IS USED IN NANO PARTICAL FORM TO COAT GLASSING SINCE IT HAS STERILIZING AND ANTI- FOULING PROPERTIES .
- 16. FIRE PROTECTIVE GLASS IS ANOTHER APPLICATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN WHICH CLEAR IN TUMESCENT LAYER SANWICHED BETWEEN GLASS PANEL ‘S (AN INTER LAYER ) FORMED OF FUMED SILICA NANO PARTICLES WHICH INTURNS INTO A REGID A OPAQUE FIRE SHEILD WHEN HEATED .WATER REPELLENT PROCESS
- 17. NANOTECHNOLOGY IN STEEL
- 18. STEEL HAS BEEN WIDELY AVAILABLE SINCE THE SECOND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTOIN IN LATE PART OF 19TH AND EARLY PART OF THE 20TH CENTUARY HAS PLAYED A MAIJOR PART IN THE CONSTRUCTIN SINCE THAT TIME .IT MAINLY DEALS WITH …….. FATIGUE
- 19. CABLES
- 20. JOINTS
- 22. IT IS A SIGNIFICANT ISSUE THAT CAN LEAD TO THE STRUCTURAL FAILURE OF STEEL SUBJECT TO CYCLIC LOADING .
- 23. STRESS RISERS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR INICIATING CRACKS FROM WHICH FATIGUE FAILURE RESULTS THAT THA ADDITION OF COPPER NANO PARTICALS REDUCES THE SURFACE UNEVENNESS OF STEEL WHICH THEN LIMITS TO THE NUMBER OF STRESS RISES HENCE FATIGUE CRACKINGFATIGUE
- 24. CABLE:THE REFINEMENT OF THE PHASE OF STEEL TO ANANO SIZE HAS PRODUCED STRONGER CABLES HIGH STRENGH STEEL CABLES BEING USED IN CAR TYRES ARE USED IN BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION AND PRE CASTING CONCRETE.JOINTS:HIGH –RISE STRUCTURE REQUIRE HIGH STRENGTH JOINTS THIS INTURN LEADS TO NEED FOR HIGH STRENGH BOLTS WHICH ARE GENERALLY GONE THROUGH QUENCHING AND TEMPERING MARTENSITE.CABLES,JOINTS &WELDS
- 25. WHEN THIS EXCEED 1200MPA EVEN A VERY SMALL AMOUNT OF HYDROGEN EMBRITTLES THE GRAIN BOUNDRAIES AND MAY FAIL DURING USE WHEN NANO PARTICLES LIKE VANARIUM AND MOLYBDENUM NANO PARTICLE SHOWN DELAY FRACTURE PROBLEMS.WELDS:AND HEAT EFFECTED ZONES ADJUCENT TO WELLS CAN BE BRITTLE AND FAIL WITHOUT WARNING WHEN SUBJECTED TO SUDDEN DYNAMIC LOAD WHEN ADDITION OF NANO PARTICLES OF MAGNICIUM AND CALICIUM MAKES (HAZ)GREEN FINER IN PLATES STEEL.THAT INCREASE WELD THOUGHNESS.
- 28. NANO TECHNOLOGY IS BEING APPLIED TO PAINTS AND INSULATING PROPERTIES,PRODUCED BY THE ADDITION OF NANO-SIZE CELLS ,PORES AND PARTICLES ,GIVING VERY LIMITED PATH FOR TURMAL CONDUCTION ARE CURRENTLY AVAILABLE.THIS TYPE OF PAINT IS USED AT PRESENT FOR CORROSION PROTECTION UNDER INSOLATION SINCE IT IS HYDROFOBIC AND REPLES WATER.TIO2 AS KNOWN …….NANO IN COATING
- 29. NANOTECHNOLOGY AND FIRE PROTECTION
- 30. NANOTECHNOLOGY & FIRE PROTECTIONNANO CEMENT HAS THE POTENTIAL TO CREATE A NEW PARADIGM IN THIS AREA CAN BE USED AS TOUGH,DURABLE HIGH TEMPARATURE COATING THIS IS ACHIVED BY MIXING CNT’S WHICH CEMENT MATERIAL TO FABRICATE FIBER COMPOSITES WHICH RESULTS OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCES .POLY PROPOLINE ALSO ARE BEING CONSIDER AS THE METAL OF INCREASING FIRE RESISTANCE AND THIS IS CHEAPER OPTION THAN CONVENTIONAL
- 31. “ NANOTECHNOLOGY IN CIVIL ENGINEERING IS DEFINITELY THE PRESENT AND THE FUTURE”
- 32. SURINDER MANN :- “NANOTECHNOLOGY & CONSTRUCTION –NANO FORUM REPORT”.
- 33. NANO CEMENT ,STEEL AND CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES CONFERENCE:-WWW.NANOCON.SABRYCORP.COM BY M. PARIKSHIT B.SAMEER CHARAN“REFERENCES”