Motion
- 1. MOTION By Agraj Garg Class :- IX – D Roll Number :- 3
- 2. There are two states of an object • Rest State • Motion State State of Object
- 3. Rest State If the position of an object is not changing with time , then that object is in rest state.
- 4. Motion State If the position of an object changes with time, them that object is in motion state or moving state.
- 5. Scalar Quantities • The physical quantities which requires only magnitude to describe them and there is no need to direction are known as Scalar Quantities. • Example:- Distance ,speed ,time , volume , area, density, work, energy , power , temperature , pressure etc.
- 6. Vector Quantities • The physical quantities which requires direction as well as magnitude to describe them are known as Vector Quantities. • Example:- Displacement , Velocity , Acceleration , Force, etc.
- 7. Distance •The length of actual path travelled by an object is known as Distance covered by the object. •It is a scalar quantity.
- 8. Displacement • The shortest distance travelled between initial point to final point of path travelled by an object is known as Displacement of that object. • It is a Vector quantity.
- 9. Difference between Distance & Displacement DISTANCE DISPLACEMENT The length of actual path travelled by an object is known as Distance . The shortest distance travelled between initial point to final point of path travelled by an object is known as Displacement . It is a scalar quantity. It is a Vector quantity. It can not be zero. It can be zero.
- 10. Speed • Speed of a body is the distance travelled by it per unit time. • Speed = Distance Travelled Time Taken • It is a scalar quantity. • It’s unit is m/s.
- 11. Velocity • Velocity of a body is the distance travelled by it per unit time in a given direction. • It is a vector quantity. • Velocity = Displacement Time Taken • It’s unit is m/sec.
- 12. Difference between Speed & Velocity SPEED VELOCITY Speed of a body is the distance travelled by it per unit time. Velocity of a body is the distance travelled by it per unit time in a given direction. It is a scalar quantity. It is a vector quantity. It can not be zero. It can be zero.
- 13. Acceleration • The rate of change of velocity of an moving object is known as its Acceleration. • It is a vector quantity. • Acceleration = Final Velocity – Initial Velocity Time Taken • It’s unit is m/s2.
- 14. Retardation • The rate of decreasing of velocity of a moving object is known as retardation. •It is also a vector quantity.
- 15. Uniform Accelerated motion • A kind of motion in which velocity of an object increases in equal amount in equal time intervals is known is uniform accelerated motion.
- 16. Equation of Uniformly Accelerated Motion 1) v = u + at 2) s = ut + 1/2 at2 1) v2 = u2 + 2as
- 17. Distance – time Graph • A graph , which shows the distance travelled by an object with time is known as Distance time graph. • The slope of distance-time graph represent the speed of the object.
- 18. Distance time Graph for uniform speed
- 19. Distance-time graph for non uniform
- 20. Velocity – time Graph • A graph , which shows the change in velocity of an object with time is known as Velocity time graph. • The area under the velocity-time graph and time axis represent the displacement of the object.
- 21. Velocity time graph when the speed remains constant.
- 22. Velocity time graph for uniform acceleration
- 23. Velocity time graph for uniform retardation
- 24. Velocity time graph of a body when its initial speed is not zero
- 25. Velocity time graph for non uniform acceleration
- 26. Uniform circular motion • If an object moves in a circular path with uniform speed, then its motion is known as uniform circular motion • Speed of a body moving along a circular path = 2πr t where r =radius t = time taken
- 27. THANK YOU