Sports injuries & its prevention
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The document outlines a seminar on sports injuries and their prevention, highlighting common types of injuries such as acute, chronic, intrinsic, and extrinsic injuries. Key topics include the classification of injuries, symptoms, management techniques, and preventive measures to reduce risks associated with sports activities. It emphasizes the importance of proper training, equipment, and regular health assessments to minimize injury risks.
Sports injuries & its prevention
- 1. Seminar On SPORTS INJURIES & ITS PREVENTION B.C.D.A. COLLEGE OF PHARMACY & TECHNOLOGY DR. N.N. BALA Under the guidance of : Presented by AKASH MITRA , DEBAYAN SIKDAR & DIPRAJ MONDAL 4TH YEAR, 7TH SEMESTER University Roll No: 20101913004, 20101913018, 20101913020,
- 2. INTRODUCTION : The kind of injuries that most commonly occur during sports or exercise. Some sports injuries result from accidents: others due to poor training practices, improper equipment or insufficient warm-up or stretching. While it is possible to injure any part of the body when playing sports, the term sports injuries is commonly used to refer to injuries of the musculoskeletal system.
- 3. CLASSIFIED AS .. Sports injuries traumatic extrinsic acute chronic intrinsic overuse
- 4. ACUTE INJURIES : Characterized by sudden appearance of symptoms usually associated with a single traumatic incident. Pain and loss of function are immediate. These can be classified as either: Direct: caused by external force as collision between two players or between player and equipment Bruises Fracture Cuts
- 5. Indirect: Caused by internal force as over stretching a ligament in sudden change direction in turnover in basketball. Strain Sprain Tear ACUTE INJURIES
- 6. SPRAINS AND STRAINS A sprain is an injury that involves the ligaments and other soft tissues around a joint, such as an ankle or wrist. It is a stretch or tear of a ligament. A strain occurs away from a joint and involves a twisted, torn or over-stretched muscle or tendon, commonly in the calf, thigh or lower back.
- 7. SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS : Pain at the site of the injury Loss of power in the injured area especially with a sprained joint Swelling of the injured area Nausea Feeling faint Pale, cold and clammy skin due to shock
- 8. Overuse injuries : *Due to excessive and repeated use of the same muscle, joint or bone. *Gradual increase of pain.
- 9. COMMON SPORTS INJURIES : Ankle sprains : Typically occurs when the foot turns inward. Groin pull: Pushing off in a side-to-side motion causes strain of the inner thigh muscles, or groin
- 10. Hamstring strain: is a tear of the hamstring muscle fibres. soccer, football, baseball, basketball, and many track and field events. Shin splints: pain along the outside front of the lower leg, due to inflammation of thin layer cover bone and by tiny fracture in the bone.
- 11. Tennis elbow (epicondylitis) : It is an injury to the muscles on the outside (lateral aspect) of the elbow that results from overuse or repetitive stress of the elbow muscle. Patellofemoral Syndrome : The repetitive movement of your kneecap (patella) against your thigh bone (femur).
- 13. Is a progressive degenerative disease found in people who have had a severe blow or repeated blows to the head. The disease was previously called dementia pugilistic (DP), i.e. "punch-drunk," as it was initially found in those with a history of boxing. CTE has been most commonly found in professional athletes participating in American football, rugby, ice hockey, boxing, professional wrestling and other contact sports who have repeated concussions or other brain trauma. WHAT IS CHRONIC TRAUMATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY (CTE)?
- 14. Main Symptoms include : Generally begin 8–10 years after experiencing repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. Disorientation Dizziness Headaches Memory loss Social instability Slowing of muscular movements Impeded speech Tremors Vertigo Deafness
- 15. WHIPLASH INJURY : Sudden hyperextension and injury to neck. An acceleration/ deceleration Mechanism of Energy transfer to the neck Whip-like movement
- 16. CAUSES: Contact sport injuries Accidental/ intentional blows to head Child abuse- shaking, hitting Cervical injury
- 17. Neck pain: The hallmark symptom Lower Back Pain Stiffness Abnormal sensations arms (burning/ paraesthesia) Whiplash Syndrome • continual headache • pain • reduced movement • lumbar pains • sleep disturbance SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS General neurological symptoms • dizziness • headache • blurred vision • pain on swallowing • ringing in ears • irritability
- 18. INVESTIGATIONS X-rays CT MRI Increase tear in cervical ligament & vasculature Disk herniation
- 19. Medication : Analgesic prevent breakthrough pain, Muscle relaxant- Diazepam/ Baclofen Physical Therapy/ Rehabilitation : Keep neck moving as normally as possible ! Collars not recommended, Gentle mobilisation, Avoid ‘stiffening-up ’, quicker recovery with gentle exercise. TREATMENT :
- 20. HOW CAN WE REDUCE THE RISK OR HAZARDS ? Health/ Fitness Skill and technique Training Warm up/ Warm down Correct clothing and equipment Correct footwear No Jewellery Proper Diet
- 21. ACUTE INJURY MANAGEMENT : RICE Method : R – Rest – 2-3 days with immobilization. I – Ice – Reduces pain and spasm, minimizes cell death and causes vasoconstriction. C – Compression – Decreases swelling by slowing the flow of fluid to the area. E – Elevation – Decreases swelling by encouraging blood to return to the heart.
- 22. CHRONIC INJURY MANAGEMENT : Pain killer& NSAIDs Immobilization: prevent further damage by reducing movement, reduces pain, muscle swelling and muscle spasm.
- 23. REHABILITATION Start with alternative training Circuit training Conditioning Endurance Flexibility Strength training Stretching techniques Warm-up Weight training
- 24. PREVENTION OF SPORT INJURIES Warm Up Cool Down Hydration Proper Technique Equipment Physical Conditioning Facilities Management Balanced Opponents Rules and Enforcement
- 25. IF WE DIDN’T TRY AND REDUCE THE RISK IN SPORT, WHAT COULD HAPPEN ? Injuries : Such as pulled muscles, broken bones etc. Illnesses : Such as heart attack, shock, asthma attack etc.
- 26. CONCLUSION All sports pose a risk of injury Research the interested sport prior to participation Know the rules, equipment needed, and who will supervise / coach your child Seek a pre-participation physical exam Have fun and play hard
- 27. REFERENCE International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health 2015;1(4): 107-109 www.cdc.gov/mrsa/groups/advice-for-athletes.html www.emedicinehealth.com/mrsa_infection/article_em.h tm www.mwdicinenet.com/mrsa_infection/article.htm www.mayoclinic.com/healthy/mrsa/DS00735 www.nlm.nih.gov/medicineplus/ency/article/007261 P Bates. Shin splints-a literature review. Br J Sports Med 1985; 19:132-137
- 28. THANK YOU