A study on the marshall properties of dbm mix prepared using vg 30 and crmb-55 as binder materials
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The study evaluates the Marshall properties of dense bituminous macadam (DBM) prepared using VG-30 and CRMB-55 as binder materials for highway pavement applications. Laboratory tests indicate that CRMB-55 offers superior stability and performance compared to VG-30, with notable variations in properties such as air voids and flow. Overall, the findings suggest CRMB-55 as a more effective binder material for enhancing the durability and effectiveness of bituminous mixes.
![IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2016, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 35
Fig-3: Air Voids V/S Bitumen Content
Fig-4: Flow V/S Bitumen Content
Fig-5: VFB V/S Bitumen Content
5. DISCUSSION
The results obtained for the Marshall properties of
bituminous concrete mix specimen prepared using VG-30
and CRMB-55 as binder materials are discussed in the
following points-
There is marginal reduction in optimum bitumen content
of about 0.78% in the specimens prepared using CRMB-
55 as binder material when compared to specimens
prepared using VG-30 as binder material.
There is substantial increase in Marshall stability value
of about 15.10% in the specimens prepared using
CRMB-55 as binder material when compared to
specimens prepared using VG-30 as binder material.
There is no variation in bulk density value of specimens
prepared using CRMB-55 as binder material when
compared to specimens prepared using VG-30 as binder
material.
There is marginal increase in percentage air voids value
of about 1.10% in the specimens prepared using CRMB-
55 as binder material when compared to specimens
prepared using VG-30 as binder material.
There is marginal increase in flow value of about 2.70%
in the specimens prepared using CRMB-55 as binder
material when compared to specimens prepared using
VG-30 as binder material.
There is marginal reduction in VMA value of about
0.29% in the specimens prepared using CRMB-55 as
binder material when compared to specimens prepared
using VG-30 as binder material.
There is marginal reduction in VFB value of about
0.35% in the specimens prepared using CRMB-55 as
binder material when compared to specimens prepared
using VG-30 as binder material.
6. CONCLUSIONS
As per the investigation made in this current study, the
following conclusion are drawn.
1. Aggregates are satisfying the requirements as per
MORT&H (IVth
Revision) specifications.
2. The test results of binder are satisfying the requirements
as per IS73:2006 and IRC:SP-53:2010.
3. There is a marginal increase in the stability value for the
specimen prepared using VG-30 as binder material.
4. There is no variation in bulk density value of specimens
prepared using VG-30 as binder material.
5. There is marginal increase in percentage air voids value
for the specimens prepared using VG-30 as binder
material.
6. There is marginal increase in flow value for the
specimens prepared using VG-30 as binder material.
7. There is marginal reduction in VMA value for the
specimens prepared using CRMB-55 as binder material.
8. There is marginal reduction in VFB value for the
specimens prepared using CRMB-55 as binder material.
9. On the basis of limited laboratory studies carried out, it
can be conclude that CRMB-55 is superior binder
material in terms of Marshall properties.
REFERENCES
[1] R Sridhar, C. Kamraj, Sunil Bose and Manvinder Singh
"Effect of gradation and compactive effort on the
properties of dense bituminous macadam" Journal of
scientific and industrial research, Vol-66, January 2007.
[2] Darshna B Joshi and A.K.Patel "Optimum Bitumen
Content By Marshall Mix Design For DBM" Journal Of
Information, Knowledge And Research In civil
Engineering.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/astudyonthemarshallpropertiesofdbmmixpreparedusingvg-30andcrmb-55asbindermaterials-160921072306/85/A-study-on-the-marshall-properties-of-dbm-mix-prepared-using-vg-30-and-crmb-55-as-binder-materials-4-320.jpg)
![IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2016, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 36
[3] Haider Habeeb Aodah, Yassir N. A.Kareem ,Satish
Chandra "Performance of Bituminous Mixes with
Different Aggregate Gradations and Binders"
International Journal of Engineering and Technology
Volume 2 No. 11, November, 2012.
[4] Bala Raju Teppala , Prof. C.B. Mishra , Alok Sinha ,
Dinesh Kumar "Experimental Assessment of Properties
of Crumb Rubber Modified Bitumen Mix (CRMB 55)
With and Without Application of Nanotechnology
Additive" International Journal of Innovative esearch in
Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 3, Issue 10,
October 2014.
[5] IS: 15462 (2004), “Polymer and Rubber Modified
Bitumen – Specification”, Bureau of Indian Standards,
New Delhi, India.
[6] IS: 73 (2006), “Paving Bitumen – Specification”, Bureau
of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.
[7] Indian Standards, “Methods of test for Aggregates for
concrete: Particle size and shape”, IS: 2386, Part 1,
1963.
[8]S.D.Katara, C.S.Modhiya, N.G.Raval, “Influence of
Modify Bituminous Mix with Fly Ash” International
Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR)
ISSN: 2321-0869, Volume-2, Issue-4, April 2014.
BIOGRAPHIES
Mr. Lokesh Gupta has received Master of
engineering as Bangalore University
Topper in Highway Engineering and
Bachelor of engineering with honors in
Civil from Solapur university. He is Life
Member of Indian Road Congress. The
Author has taught undergraduate students in
University college of Rajasthan Technical University, Kota.
He has about 2 years of teaching and research experience.
Presently working as Assistant Professor in Civil
Engineering Department at Sir Padampat Singhania
University, Udaipur. He has contributed many research
articles in International Journals and Conferences. His
research interest includes Statistical Analysis and Pavement
Engineering.
Mr. Asutosh Patil has complete B.E.(C.E)
and M.E from College of Engineering,
Pune. He is associate member of Institute of
Engineers. Author has two years of
industrial and nine years of teaching
experience. Currently working as Assistant
Professor in Civil Engineering Department at N.B. Navale
Sinhgad College of Engineering, Solapur. Author has
published many research papers in various International
Journals and Conferences
Avinash Ojha has been awarded M Tech.
in Construction Technology and
Management by NIT, Warangal. The author
has one year of field and two years of
educating experience. Currently employed
as Assistant Professor in Civil Engineering
Department at Sir Padampat Singhania
University, Udaipur. Research interest of author is in the
field of Project Planning & Management, Concrete
Technology, Sustainable construction Techniques and
Materials.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/astudyonthemarshallpropertiesofdbmmixpreparedusingvg-30andcrmb-55asbindermaterials-160921072306/85/A-study-on-the-marshall-properties-of-dbm-mix-prepared-using-vg-30-and-crmb-55-as-binder-materials-5-320.jpg)
A study on the marshall properties of dbm mix prepared using vg 30 and crmb-55 as binder materials
- 1. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2016, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 32 A STUDY ON THE MARSHALL PROPERTIES OF DBM MIX PREPARED USING VG-30 AND CRMB-55 AS BINDER MATERIALS Lokesh Gupta1 , Ashutosh Patil2 , Avinash Ojha3 1 Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Sir Padampat Singhania University Udaipur, Rajasthan, India 2 Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, N. B. Navale Sinhgad College of Engineering Solapur, Maharashtra, India 3 Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Sir Padampat Singhania University Udaipur, Rajasthan, India Abstract A good bituminous mix design is anticipated to produce a mix which is supposed to be sufficiently sturdy, long-lasting, resistive.DBM is used as a binder course in the highway pavement. Binder is a prime material in the bituminous mix. Marshall properties of bituminous mix varies from binder to binder. In this work an effort has been ended to evaluate the Marshall properties of dense bituminous macadam prepared using VG-30 and CRMB-55 as binder materials. DBM mix is prepared using 2% lime as filler material and VG-30, CRMB-55 as binder material. Marshall method of bituminous mix design is adopted to decide the optimum bitumen content (OBC )and Marshall properties were determined at optimum bitumen content. On the basis of limited laboratory studies carried out, it is conclude that CRMB-55 is superior binder material in terms of Marshall properties. Key Words: VG-30, CRMB-55, Lime, and DBM. --------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. INTRODUCTION Greater part of the roads in India is black topped. Earlier due to scarcity of cement, it was a trend and convention to adopt the bituminous road as flexible pavement. Therefore, bituminous pavement are adopted over cement concrete roads, since it has a immense pro that these pavement can be enhanced and strengthened as the traffic increases in the different phase.. Dense bituminous macadam is a binder course used for road construction with more number of heavy commercial vehicles. The permanence and remote future acceptable performance of pavements are invariably shaped and altered to a large scale by the occupied pavement integral materials and their natural properties. In DBM, constituents of mix such as coarse aggregate, fine aggregates, filler material and bitumen or modified bitumen as binder material are the chief ingredients and therefore mandatorily have to posses superior quality without any compromise. Hence the choice of pavement material is an essential assignment. The pertinence and glutinous properties of binder material, moreover with the appropriate proportioning of coarse aggregates and fine aggregate is the fundamental necessity to result in effective and applicable bituminous mixes. In a DBM mix, there is a wide scope for using different types of binder to obtain a good mix without affecting the durability of pavement. 2. OBJECTIVES OF PRESENT STUDIES The main objectives of the analysis are- Ensure the properties of aggregates by conducting the test in the laboratory as per MoRT&H (IV Revision) specification. To conduct tests on bitumen binder. To determine the optimum bitumen content for bituminous concrete mix (Grade-2) prepared using VG-30 and CRMB-55 as binder materials by adopting Marshall method of bituminous mix design. To determine the Marshall properties of bituminous concrete mix (Grade-2) prepared using VG-30 at OBC. To determine the Marshall properties of bituminous concrete mix (Grade-2) prepared using CRMB-55 at OBC. To compare the Marshall properties of bituminous concrete mix (Grade 2) prepared using VG-30 and CRMB-55. 3. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION DBM mix is prepared using viscosity grade (VG-30) and CRMB-55 as binder material . Aggregate material was tested in the laboratory to ensure its selection as pavement material for the construction of road. Marshall method of bituminous mix design is used for preparing bituminous mix design. 3.1 Aggregates Aggregates posses good shear and compressive strength, therefore results in better interlocking properties. To assess the properties of aggregates i.e. sufficient strength, hardness, toughness, specific gravity and shape, tests were conducted on aggregates in the laboratory and the test results are presented in table-1.
- 2. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2016, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 33 Table-1: Aggregates Test Results Test Particulars Test Results Requiremen ts as per MORT&H Aggregate impact value (%) 20.46% Max 27% Los Angeles abrasion value (%) 25.68% Max 35% Combined Flakiness and Elongation Index, (%) 22.41% Max 35% Water absorption (%) 0.36% Max 2% Aggregate specific Gravity Coarse aggregate 2.67 Min 2.5 Fine aggregate 2.655 3.2 Mineral Filler: Mineral filler fills the voids, stiffens the binder and offers permeability. In the present study, lime is used as mineral filler. The specific gravity of lime is found as 2.34 and gradation details are presented in the table 2. Table-2: Gradation Details of Lime as Filler Material IS Sieve size (mm) Cumulative %passing by weight of total aggregates Obtained Requirement as per MORTH IV Revision 0.6 100 100 0.3 100 95-100 0.075 97 85-100 3.3 Bitumen In the present study viscosity grade (VG-30) bitumen and CRMB-55 is used as binder materials and tested for the conventional tests like Penetration, Softening point, Ductility, Flash point, Specific gravity and Viscosity. Specific gravity of binder VG-30 and CRMB-55 are 1.011 and 1.02 respectively. Table-3 and Table-4 present the outcomes of experiments. Table-3: Bitumen (VG-30) Test Results Test Particulars Test outcome Specifications as per IS73:2006 Penetration at 25°C, 100gm, 5 Seconds, 0.1mm 60 50-70 Softening point (Ring & Ball), °C 51.4 Min 47 Flash point, °C 263 Min 220 Fire point, °C 278 Min 220 Ductility @27 °C, cm 92 Min 75 Table-4: CRMB-55 Test Results Test Particulars Test outcome Specifications as per IRC SP-53:2010 Penetration at 25°C, 100gm, 5 Seconds, 0.1mm 58 50-80 Softening point (Ring & Ball), °C 59 Min 55 Flash point, °C 269 Min 220 Elastic Recovery 84 Min 60 Separation 2 Max 3 Ductility @27 °C, cm 98 Min 60 Table-5 : Thin film oven test result of CRMB-55 Test Particulars Test outcome Specifications as per IRC SP- 53:2010 Loss in mass, % 0.51 Max 1 Increase in softening point 3 Max 6 Reduction in penetration of residue 31 Max 35 Elastic recovery of half thread 65 Min 50 3.4 Aggregate Gradation: Bituminous concrete mix (Grading-2) is adopted for the present study as MoRT&H (IV revision) and presented in table 6. Table-6: Aggregate Gradation for Bituminous Concrete Mix (Grading-2) Sieve Size in mm % Passing (Specified) % Passing (Mid Limit) 45 100 100 37.5 95-100 89.5 26.5 63-93 79 13.2 55-75 62 4.75 38-54 50 2.36 28-42 41 0.3 7-21 32 0.075 2-28 23 3.5 Marshall Method of Mix Design The stability of a bituminous mix can be explained as load carried by Marshall specimen at the 60 degree Celsius. Flow is measured as deformation of Marshall specimen in the units of 0.25mm. The two main aspects of Marshall method of bituminous mix design are Stability flow test and density void analysis.
- 3. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2016, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 34 4. ANALYSIS OF DATA Marshall Properties of DBM (Grade-1) prepared using VG-30 and CRMB-55 as binder material are determined. The results obtained for Marshall properties of bituminous concrete mix at 4.5%, 5%, 5.5% and 6% bitumen content are presented in table-7 to table-10. Table-7: Marshall properties of bituminous concrete mix prepared using VG-30 as binder material Bitum en conten t % Marsha ll stabilit y, kg Fl ow m m Bulk densi ty gm/c c Tot al air void s, % Voids Filled with bitum en % Voids in Mineral Aggrega tes, % 3.5 2234.7 2.5 2.37 5.71 58.31 13.69 4 2629.8 3.3 2.38 4.56 66.67 13.7 4.5 2937.6 3.6 2.39 3.71 73.48 14.01 5 2650.8 4.1 2.37 3.7 75.58 15.18 5.5 2353.05 4.5 2.36 3.5 78,42 16.22 Table-8: Marshall properties of bituminous concrete mix prepared using VG-30 as binder material at optimum bitumen content S N Marshall properties Test results obtained Requirements as per MORT&H (IV revision) Specifications 1 Optimum Bitumen Content (%) 4.076 Min 5 2 Marshall Stability, kg 2960.31 900 3 Flow, mm 3.6 2.0 - 4.0 4 Air voids,(Vv) % 3.5 3.0 - 6.0 5 VMA, % 13.89 Min 14 6 VFB, % 74.7 65-75 Table-9: Marshall properties of bituminous concrete mix prepared using CRMB-55 as binder material Bitum en conten t % Marsha ll stabilit y, kg Flo w m m Bulk densit y gm/cc Tota l air void s, % Voids Filled with bitum en % Voids in Minera l Aggreg ates, % 3.5 2280 2.6 2.38 5.54 59.02 13.53 4 2796.51 3.5 2.383 4.74 65.82 13.88 4.5 3190.14 3.7 2.394 3.62 73.98 13.92 5 3061.8 4.3 2.38 3.52 75.3 15.24 5.5 2787.84 4.4 2.368 3.34 79.25 16.1 Table-10: Marshall properties of bituminous concrete mix prepared using CRMB-55 as binder material at optimum bitumen content S N Marshall properties Test results obtained Requirements as per MORT&H (IV revision) Specifications 1 Optimum Bitumen Content (%) 4.383 Min 5 2 Marshall Stability, kg 3168 900 3 Flow, mm 3.7 2.0 - 4.0 4 Air voids,(Vv) % 3.54 3.0 - 6.0 5 VMA, % 13.85 Min 14 6 VFB, % 74.44 65-75 Result obtained for Marshall properties of bituminous concrete mix prepared using VG-30 and CRMB-55 as filler materials are presented in fig1- fig5. 2100 2300 2500 2700 2900 3100 3300 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 MarshallStability.Kg Bitumin Content, % Marshall Stability v/s Bitumen Content VG-30 CRMB-55 Fig-1: Marshall Stability V/S Bitumen Content Fig-2: Bulk Density V/S Bitumen Content
- 4. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2016, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 35 Fig-3: Air Voids V/S Bitumen Content Fig-4: Flow V/S Bitumen Content Fig-5: VFB V/S Bitumen Content 5. DISCUSSION The results obtained for the Marshall properties of bituminous concrete mix specimen prepared using VG-30 and CRMB-55 as binder materials are discussed in the following points- There is marginal reduction in optimum bitumen content of about 0.78% in the specimens prepared using CRMB- 55 as binder material when compared to specimens prepared using VG-30 as binder material. There is substantial increase in Marshall stability value of about 15.10% in the specimens prepared using CRMB-55 as binder material when compared to specimens prepared using VG-30 as binder material. There is no variation in bulk density value of specimens prepared using CRMB-55 as binder material when compared to specimens prepared using VG-30 as binder material. There is marginal increase in percentage air voids value of about 1.10% in the specimens prepared using CRMB- 55 as binder material when compared to specimens prepared using VG-30 as binder material. There is marginal increase in flow value of about 2.70% in the specimens prepared using CRMB-55 as binder material when compared to specimens prepared using VG-30 as binder material. There is marginal reduction in VMA value of about 0.29% in the specimens prepared using CRMB-55 as binder material when compared to specimens prepared using VG-30 as binder material. There is marginal reduction in VFB value of about 0.35% in the specimens prepared using CRMB-55 as binder material when compared to specimens prepared using VG-30 as binder material. 6. CONCLUSIONS As per the investigation made in this current study, the following conclusion are drawn. 1. Aggregates are satisfying the requirements as per MORT&H (IVth Revision) specifications. 2. The test results of binder are satisfying the requirements as per IS73:2006 and IRC:SP-53:2010. 3. There is a marginal increase in the stability value for the specimen prepared using VG-30 as binder material. 4. There is no variation in bulk density value of specimens prepared using VG-30 as binder material. 5. There is marginal increase in percentage air voids value for the specimens prepared using VG-30 as binder material. 6. There is marginal increase in flow value for the specimens prepared using VG-30 as binder material. 7. There is marginal reduction in VMA value for the specimens prepared using CRMB-55 as binder material. 8. There is marginal reduction in VFB value for the specimens prepared using CRMB-55 as binder material. 9. On the basis of limited laboratory studies carried out, it can be conclude that CRMB-55 is superior binder material in terms of Marshall properties. REFERENCES [1] R Sridhar, C. Kamraj, Sunil Bose and Manvinder Singh "Effect of gradation and compactive effort on the properties of dense bituminous macadam" Journal of scientific and industrial research, Vol-66, January 2007. [2] Darshna B Joshi and A.K.Patel "Optimum Bitumen Content By Marshall Mix Design For DBM" Journal Of Information, Knowledge And Research In civil Engineering.
- 5. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2016, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 36 [3] Haider Habeeb Aodah, Yassir N. A.Kareem ,Satish Chandra "Performance of Bituminous Mixes with Different Aggregate Gradations and Binders" International Journal of Engineering and Technology Volume 2 No. 11, November, 2012. [4] Bala Raju Teppala , Prof. C.B. Mishra , Alok Sinha , Dinesh Kumar "Experimental Assessment of Properties of Crumb Rubber Modified Bitumen Mix (CRMB 55) With and Without Application of Nanotechnology Additive" International Journal of Innovative esearch in Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 3, Issue 10, October 2014. [5] IS: 15462 (2004), “Polymer and Rubber Modified Bitumen – Specification”, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India. [6] IS: 73 (2006), “Paving Bitumen – Specification”, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India. [7] Indian Standards, “Methods of test for Aggregates for concrete: Particle size and shape”, IS: 2386, Part 1, 1963. [8]S.D.Katara, C.S.Modhiya, N.G.Raval, “Influence of Modify Bituminous Mix with Fly Ash” International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR) ISSN: 2321-0869, Volume-2, Issue-4, April 2014. BIOGRAPHIES Mr. Lokesh Gupta has received Master of engineering as Bangalore University Topper in Highway Engineering and Bachelor of engineering with honors in Civil from Solapur university. He is Life Member of Indian Road Congress. The Author has taught undergraduate students in University college of Rajasthan Technical University, Kota. He has about 2 years of teaching and research experience. Presently working as Assistant Professor in Civil Engineering Department at Sir Padampat Singhania University, Udaipur. He has contributed many research articles in International Journals and Conferences. His research interest includes Statistical Analysis and Pavement Engineering. Mr. Asutosh Patil has complete B.E.(C.E) and M.E from College of Engineering, Pune. He is associate member of Institute of Engineers. Author has two years of industrial and nine years of teaching experience. Currently working as Assistant Professor in Civil Engineering Department at N.B. Navale Sinhgad College of Engineering, Solapur. Author has published many research papers in various International Journals and Conferences Avinash Ojha has been awarded M Tech. in Construction Technology and Management by NIT, Warangal. The author has one year of field and two years of educating experience. Currently employed as Assistant Professor in Civil Engineering Department at Sir Padampat Singhania University, Udaipur. Research interest of author is in the field of Project Planning & Management, Concrete Technology, Sustainable construction Techniques and Materials.