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Start by understanding the problem,
not by delivering the answer.
Start by Understanding the Problem, Not by Delivering the Answer
Image credit: Treehouse
Start by Understanding the Problem, Not by Delivering the Answer
Start by Understanding the Problem, Not by Delivering the Answer
Start by Understanding the Problem, Not by Delivering the Answer
Start by Understanding the Problem, Not by Delivering the Answer
Start by Understanding the Problem, Not by Delivering the Answer
Image credit: Brighton Energy Co-op
Start by Understanding the Problem, Not by Delivering the Answer
UX and CX
“Focus on the user
experience…”
“We can all imagine

if we were the customer…”
“What would the user do?”
“What’s best for the user?”
Agree Disagree
Great customer experience is critical
to our organization’s success
Agree Disagree
My organization competes on the
basis of customer experience
Source: The 2018 Customer Experience Industry Report, UserTesting.com
Agree Disagree
User research improves the quality
of our products
Source: The 2018 Customer Experience Industry Report, UserTesting.com
–Harvard Business Review
30,000 new consumer products are launched annually.
80% of them fail.
–Gartner, 2018
Less than 0.01 percent of all consumer mobile apps
will become financially successful.
–The 2018 Customer Experience Industry Report, UserTesting.com
“When making business decisions, my company puts too much
emphasis on quantitative evidence.”
–The 2018 Customer Experience Industry Report, UserTesting.com
“By the time we get research results on a subject, the company has
already made the decision and moved on.”
– Alan Cooper
“There are far, far more “UX designers” employed today than there were
20 years ago, and yet most of the newly created software I use today
suffers from the same interaction errors that were around 20 years
ago.”
Image credit: Adaptive Path/UX Week
What if we’re doing something
wrong?
The TTC. What is it?
Uber. What is it?
Helping a person to purchase a new home.
What is it?
A pack of gum. What is it?
Set requirements Launch
Visualize the requirements
Build
Gather data to support,
inform, and challenge
the requirements
Design & build
Launch
Set requirements
If your product doesn’t connect with a
customer need,
it will fail.
Stop starting at the end.
Connect with the need first.
What service does this provide?
Service
Service is the need/end-goal the end-user has
Products
Products enable the delivery of the service
Start by Understanding the Problem, Not by Delivering the Answer
Video: Jamin Hegeman - So you want to be a service designer
What is the current experience like?
What would the ideal experience be like?
Ideate
Prototype
Plan the evolution
Video: David Kelley on Design Thinking
Uncertainty/patterns/insights Clarity/focus
Research Concept Design
Define challenge
Observe people
Form insights
Frame opportunities
Form ideas
Prototype and test ideas
Build in iterative, agile cycles
Start by Understanding the Problem, Not by Delivering the Answer
Start by Understanding the Problem, Not by Delivering the Answer
Karri Ojanen
Practice Lead, Interaction and Service Design
RBC Royal Bank of Canada
LinkedIn & Twitter
karri@stadi-design.com

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Start by Understanding the Problem, Not by Delivering the Answer