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Operating
Systems and Utility Programs
Lecture 1
Inam Ul Haq
Subject: System Administration
Class: BSIT – 3rd
University of Education Okara Campus
Inam.bth@gmail.com, administrator@computingcage.com
1
Objectives
Identify the types of system softwareIdentify the types of system software
Explain the purpose of the utilities
included with most operating systems
Explain the purpose of the utilities
included with most operating systems
Summarize the features of several
stand-alone operating systems
Summarize the features of several
stand-alone operating systems
Identify devices that use
embedded operating systems
Identify devices that use
embedded operating systems
Explain the purpose of several
stand-alone utility programs
Explain the purpose of several
stand-alone utility programs
Describe the functions of an operating systemDescribe the functions of an operating system
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
2
System Software
What is system software?
Operating system (OS)Operating system (OS)
(sometimes called the platform)(sometimes called the platform)
coordinates all activitiescoordinates all activities
among computeramong computer
hardwarehardware
resourcesresources
Programs thatPrograms that
control or maintaincontrol or maintain
operation of computeroperation of computer
Two types areTwo types are
operating systemsoperating systems
and utility programsand utility programs
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
3
Operating Systems
What is a cross-platform application?
Operating System/
Platform A
Operating System/
Platform B
Operating System/
Platform C
Operating System/
Platform D
Application
 Runs identically on multiple operating systems
 Operating system that computer uses is sometimes
called the platform
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
4
Operating System Functions
What is booting?
 Cold boot
Turning on
computer that has
been powered off
 Warm boot
Restarting
computer that is
powered on
 Process of starting or restarting a computer
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
5
Operating System Functions
What is a user interface?
 Controls how you enter data and instructions and how information
displays on screen
 With a command-line interface, a user types commands or presses
special keys on the keyboard to enter data and instructions
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
6
What is a graphical user interface (GUI)?
 User interacts with menus
and visual images such as
buttons and other
graphical objects to issue
commands
 Foreground contains
program you are using
 Background contains
programs that are
running but are not
in use
Operating System Functions
What is single user/ multitasking?
 Working on two or
more programs that
reside in memory at
same time
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
7
Has duplicate
components such as
processors, memory,
and disk drives
Enables two or
more users to
run programs
simultaneously
Continues to
operate when one
of its components
fails
Operating System Functions
What are other program management features of operating systems?
Can support two
or more processors
running programs
at same time
fault-tolerant computerfault-tolerant computer
multiusermultiuser
multiprocessingmultiprocessing
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
8
Operating System Functions
What is memory management?
 Optimizing use of random access memory (RAM)
 With virtual memory (VM), portion of hard disk is allocated to
function as RAM
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
9
How does an operating system monitor performance?
 Provides program, called performance monitor, that assesses and
reports information about
various computer resources and devices
Operating System Functions
How does an operating system schedule jobs?
Transferring itemsTransferring items
between storagebetween storage
and memoryand memory
SendingSending
informationinformation
to output deviceto output device
ProcessingProcessing
instructionsinstructions
Receiving dataReceiving data
from input devicefrom input device
Adjusts schedule
based on
job’s priority
AA jobjob is operationis operation
the processor managesthe processor manages
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
10
Operating System Functions
What is spooling?
 Sending print jobs to buffer instead of directly to printer
 Print jobs line up in queue
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
11
Operating System Functions
What is a driver?
DriverDriver
Program thatProgram that
tells operating systemtells operating system
how to communicatehow to communicate
with devicewith device
WithWith Plug and PlayPlug and Play,,
operating systemoperating system
automatically configuresautomatically configures
new devices as younew devices as you
install theminstall them
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
12
Operating System Functions
How do you establish an Internet connection?
 Windows Vista includes
Connect to a network wizard
 Guides user through setting up
connection between computer
and Internet
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
13
Operating System Functions
What is a network operating system?
 Allows users to share resources on a network
 Administers security by establishing user name and password
for each user
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
14
Operating System Utility
ProgramsWhat is a utility program?
 System software that performs maintenance-
type tasks
 Also called
utility
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
15
Operating System Utility
Programs
What is a file manager?
 Performs functions such as formatting, copying, renaming,
deleting, and moving files
 Image viewer displays contents of graphics file when you double
click on it
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
16
What is a disk defragmenter?
 Reorganizes files and unused space on hard disk so programs run
faster
Operating System Utility
Programs
What is a personal firewall?
 Detects and protects a personal computer from unauthorized
intrusions
 Windows Vista automatically enables the built-in personal
firewall upon installation
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
17
What is a disk scanner?
 Searches for and removes unnecessary files
 Windows Vista includes a disk scanner utility called Disk
Cleanup
Operating System Utility
Programs
What is a diagnostic utility?
 Compiles technical information about hardware and certain
system software
 Prepares report outlining problems
What is a backup utility?
 Copies selected files or entire hard disk onto another storage medium
 Most compress files during backup to require less storage space
 A restore program reverses the backup process and returns
backed up files to their original form
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
18
Types of Operating Systems
What are three categories of operating systems?
1.Embedded OS
2.Stand-alone OS
3.Network OS
Explore yourself
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
19
Stand-Alone Utility Programs
What is a file compression utility?
 Shrinks size of files to free up room and improve performance
 Compressed files are sometimes called zipped files
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
20
What is a media player?
What is CD/DVD burning software?
What is a personal computer maintenance utility? [Norton]
Learning Assignment [4 marks]
1. Top 10 Best Features of Windows 10? [Roll No. 1001-1010]
2. Top 10 Worst Features of Windows 10? [Roll No. 1011-1020]
3. What are best utilities programs? [any 10] [Roll No. 1021-1030]
4. What are main 10 differences b/w Win7 & Win10? [1031-1040]
5. What are easy installation steps of Windows 10? [1041-1050]
6. Top 10 best PC Cleaners of the world? [1051-1060]
---------------------------------------------------
1. Getting to know about Windows Server 2012 [3001-3010]
2. How Windows Server 2012 is installed? [3011-3020]
3. Windows Server 2012 Roles? [3021-3030]
4. What is best embedded Operating System? [3031-3040]
5. Top 5 best features in Mac OS? [3041-3050]
21
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara
Send your assignments of one page to inam.bth@gmail.com till 13.9.2015 at 11:55pm
Every student should submit his own assignment, I am very strict about copy-paste.
Best assignment will get prize.
How to Write?
• You select a topic and visit multiple websites again and again for this topic.
• Read at least 5 related websites, magazines, newspapers and social media to get
the detail information and write yourself. Do not write unnecessary introduction of
the topic, jump to the topic.
• Assignment should be between 400-600 words or more but not less than it,
multiple paragraphs, heading and sub-heading. Please do not put your personal
links inside assignment. Always submit with your photos and a short biography
(check one assignment: http://computingcage.com/why-microsoft-provides-windows10-for-free/).
• Once you complete assignment, do Spelling & Grammar check and check
Plagiarism Checker online. Upload a screen shot of Plagiarism results in the
assignment.
• Photos are beauty of any document. I suggest photos with white background, non-
copyrighted (a company name or logo should not be over photo) and bright. 22
Subject:SystemAdministration,
UniversityofEducaitonOkara

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Operating Systems & Utility Programs

  • 1. Operating Systems and Utility Programs Lecture 1 Inam Ul Haq Subject: System Administration Class: BSIT – 3rd University of Education Okara Campus [email protected], [email protected] 1
  • 2. Objectives Identify the types of system softwareIdentify the types of system software Explain the purpose of the utilities included with most operating systems Explain the purpose of the utilities included with most operating systems Summarize the features of several stand-alone operating systems Summarize the features of several stand-alone operating systems Identify devices that use embedded operating systems Identify devices that use embedded operating systems Explain the purpose of several stand-alone utility programs Explain the purpose of several stand-alone utility programs Describe the functions of an operating systemDescribe the functions of an operating system Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 2
  • 3. System Software What is system software? Operating system (OS)Operating system (OS) (sometimes called the platform)(sometimes called the platform) coordinates all activitiescoordinates all activities among computeramong computer hardwarehardware resourcesresources Programs thatPrograms that control or maintaincontrol or maintain operation of computeroperation of computer Two types areTwo types are operating systemsoperating systems and utility programsand utility programs Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 3
  • 4. Operating Systems What is a cross-platform application? Operating System/ Platform A Operating System/ Platform B Operating System/ Platform C Operating System/ Platform D Application  Runs identically on multiple operating systems  Operating system that computer uses is sometimes called the platform Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 4
  • 5. Operating System Functions What is booting?  Cold boot Turning on computer that has been powered off  Warm boot Restarting computer that is powered on  Process of starting or restarting a computer Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 5
  • 6. Operating System Functions What is a user interface?  Controls how you enter data and instructions and how information displays on screen  With a command-line interface, a user types commands or presses special keys on the keyboard to enter data and instructions Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 6 What is a graphical user interface (GUI)?  User interacts with menus and visual images such as buttons and other graphical objects to issue commands
  • 7.  Foreground contains program you are using  Background contains programs that are running but are not in use Operating System Functions What is single user/ multitasking?  Working on two or more programs that reside in memory at same time Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 7
  • 8. Has duplicate components such as processors, memory, and disk drives Enables two or more users to run programs simultaneously Continues to operate when one of its components fails Operating System Functions What are other program management features of operating systems? Can support two or more processors running programs at same time fault-tolerant computerfault-tolerant computer multiusermultiuser multiprocessingmultiprocessing Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 8
  • 9. Operating System Functions What is memory management?  Optimizing use of random access memory (RAM)  With virtual memory (VM), portion of hard disk is allocated to function as RAM Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 9 How does an operating system monitor performance?  Provides program, called performance monitor, that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices
  • 10. Operating System Functions How does an operating system schedule jobs? Transferring itemsTransferring items between storagebetween storage and memoryand memory SendingSending informationinformation to output deviceto output device ProcessingProcessing instructionsinstructions Receiving dataReceiving data from input devicefrom input device Adjusts schedule based on job’s priority AA jobjob is operationis operation the processor managesthe processor manages Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 10
  • 11. Operating System Functions What is spooling?  Sending print jobs to buffer instead of directly to printer  Print jobs line up in queue Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 11
  • 12. Operating System Functions What is a driver? DriverDriver Program thatProgram that tells operating systemtells operating system how to communicatehow to communicate with devicewith device WithWith Plug and PlayPlug and Play,, operating systemoperating system automatically configuresautomatically configures new devices as younew devices as you install theminstall them Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 12
  • 13. Operating System Functions How do you establish an Internet connection?  Windows Vista includes Connect to a network wizard  Guides user through setting up connection between computer and Internet Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 13
  • 14. Operating System Functions What is a network operating system?  Allows users to share resources on a network  Administers security by establishing user name and password for each user Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 14
  • 15. Operating System Utility ProgramsWhat is a utility program?  System software that performs maintenance- type tasks  Also called utility Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 15
  • 16. Operating System Utility Programs What is a file manager?  Performs functions such as formatting, copying, renaming, deleting, and moving files  Image viewer displays contents of graphics file when you double click on it Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 16 What is a disk defragmenter?  Reorganizes files and unused space on hard disk so programs run faster
  • 17. Operating System Utility Programs What is a personal firewall?  Detects and protects a personal computer from unauthorized intrusions  Windows Vista automatically enables the built-in personal firewall upon installation Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 17 What is a disk scanner?  Searches for and removes unnecessary files  Windows Vista includes a disk scanner utility called Disk Cleanup
  • 18. Operating System Utility Programs What is a diagnostic utility?  Compiles technical information about hardware and certain system software  Prepares report outlining problems What is a backup utility?  Copies selected files or entire hard disk onto another storage medium  Most compress files during backup to require less storage space  A restore program reverses the backup process and returns backed up files to their original form Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 18
  • 19. Types of Operating Systems What are three categories of operating systems? 1.Embedded OS 2.Stand-alone OS 3.Network OS Explore yourself Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 19
  • 20. Stand-Alone Utility Programs What is a file compression utility?  Shrinks size of files to free up room and improve performance  Compressed files are sometimes called zipped files Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara 20 What is a media player? What is CD/DVD burning software? What is a personal computer maintenance utility? [Norton]
  • 21. Learning Assignment [4 marks] 1. Top 10 Best Features of Windows 10? [Roll No. 1001-1010] 2. Top 10 Worst Features of Windows 10? [Roll No. 1011-1020] 3. What are best utilities programs? [any 10] [Roll No. 1021-1030] 4. What are main 10 differences b/w Win7 & Win10? [1031-1040] 5. What are easy installation steps of Windows 10? [1041-1050] 6. Top 10 best PC Cleaners of the world? [1051-1060] --------------------------------------------------- 1. Getting to know about Windows Server 2012 [3001-3010] 2. How Windows Server 2012 is installed? [3011-3020] 3. Windows Server 2012 Roles? [3021-3030] 4. What is best embedded Operating System? [3031-3040] 5. Top 5 best features in Mac OS? [3041-3050] 21 Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara Send your assignments of one page to [email protected] till 13.9.2015 at 11:55pm Every student should submit his own assignment, I am very strict about copy-paste. Best assignment will get prize.
  • 22. How to Write? • You select a topic and visit multiple websites again and again for this topic. • Read at least 5 related websites, magazines, newspapers and social media to get the detail information and write yourself. Do not write unnecessary introduction of the topic, jump to the topic. • Assignment should be between 400-600 words or more but not less than it, multiple paragraphs, heading and sub-heading. Please do not put your personal links inside assignment. Always submit with your photos and a short biography (check one assignment: http://computingcage.com/why-microsoft-provides-windows10-for-free/). • Once you complete assignment, do Spelling & Grammar check and check Plagiarism Checker online. Upload a screen shot of Plagiarism results in the assignment. • Photos are beauty of any document. I suggest photos with white background, non- copyrighted (a company name or logo should not be over photo) and bright. 22 Subject:SystemAdministration, UniversityofEducaitonOkara