IRJET- Adaptive Approach for Reducing the Total Harmonic Distortion of Boost Converter using PWM Switching
0 likes29 views
This document proposes using an adaptive approach with a least mean square (LMS) algorithm to reduce the total harmonic distortion (THD) of a boost converter with pulse width modulation (PWM) switching. It simulates a boost converter in MATLAB and measures the THD with a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller alone and with both a PID controller and LMS algorithm. The results show that a boost converter with only a PID controller has a THD of 49.56%, while one with both PID and LMS achieves a lower THD of 25.28%, demonstrating the effectiveness of the adaptive LMS approach.
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 11 | Nov 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1229
Adaptive Approach for Reducing the Total Harmonic Distortion of
Boost Converter using PWM Switching
Ateef A.Aleem1, Prof. V.S. Ponkshe2
1PG Student, Department of Electrical Engineering, AISSMS, Pune
2Prof. V.S. Ponkshe, Department of Electrical Engineering, AISSMS, Pune
---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract: This paper proposes the MATLAB- simulation of
adaptive approach for reducingthetotalharmonics distortion
of boost converter using PWM switching. The main aim of
boost converter is to maintain the constant output voltage
despite variation in input voltage, components and load. The
closed loop implementation of converter can maintain the
constant output voltage. This papers aim to achieve a better
efficiency low harmonic distortion and also toachieveabetter
stability, improves the dynamic response and reduces the
steady-state error with the Least mean square algorithm.
Key Words: Boost converter, THD, PID, Least Mean
Square (LMS)
1. INTRODUCTION:
In various applicationsswitchedmodeconvertersarewidely
required by several components of an electronic product
that are designed to be operated under a constant voltage.
DC-DC converters are applied in battery, bioelectric
products, photovoltaic cell, power systems
telecommunication, high voltage dc transmission, andmany
other applications[1][2]. As all Batteries can’t efficiently full
fill the requirement of the today’s electronic products soDC-
DC converter are required. Boost power converters have
been widely used for Power Factor calculation and
correction in AC-DC conversions [3] and for power
managementin batterypoweredDC-DCconversions.Moving
beyond low-power applications, such as cellular phones,
smart phones and other portable electronic products, boost
converters are being used more and morein medium-power
applications. For example, in computing and consumer
electronics telecommunication, transportation, utility
systems, etc. [4], [5]. In communications and industrial
products, simple boost converters are used in satellite dish
auxiliary power supplies and peripheral card supplies [6].
Several control techniques have been proposed to ensure
stability as well as fast transient response namely - Fuzz
Logic controller, Artificial Neural Network (ANN), PID
controller and PI controller.Several Optimizationtechniques
such as Genetic Algorithm, ParticleSwarmOptimization, and
Bacterial Foraging Optimizationhavealsobeenproposed[7],
[8],[9].
There are some famous DC-DC converters namely –
Buck, Boost, Buck-Boost, Cuk, Sepic and Zeta. One of the
most prominent research interests in this era is the
application of DC-DC converters with high step-up voltage
gain[10]. Amongst all converters, most widely used DC-DC
converter is the Boost converter, a step up converter which
Provides a higher voltage at the load side, Vo compared to
the source voltage Vs. Open loop mode of operation of Boost
Converter exhibits substandard voltage regulation and
Undesirable dynamic response. Therefore,closedloop mode
of operation is preferred for proper voltage regulation and
Performance enhancement.
In power electronics due to continuous switching of
operation of switches there is losses occurs .This losses will
reduced the efficiency of the system and increased the total
harmonics distortion of the system. This paper initially
involves simulation of basic simulation of boost converter
and calculation of THD.Its start with the basic circuits and
switches to advance circuits such us LMS algorithm and
effects of LMS on boost converter performanceandresultsof
THD.
1.1 Harmonics:
The harmonics in electrical systems means that current and
voltage are distorted and differ from sinusoidal waveforms.
1.2 Total Harmonics Distortion:
Total harmonic distortion, or THD, is the summation of all
harmonic components of the voltage or current waveform
compared against the fundamentalcomponentofthevoltage
or current wave:
…………………….(1)
2. Block Diagram
Fig 1.Block Diagram](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i11131-191230053232/85/IRJET-Adaptive-Approach-for-Reducing-the-Total-Harmonic-Distortion-of-Boost-Converter-using-PWM-Switching-1-320.jpg)
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 11 | Nov 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1231
reference signal until the desired level is reached thereby
forming a close loop system.
Fig 8:Boost Converter with LMS algorithm
Fig 9:Boost converter with PID+LMS and THD
Fig 7: Output of Boost Converter with LMS algorithm
Boost converter parameters are as given in Table I
Parameters Value
Input voltage 12V
Output voltage 49.99V
Inductor value 100µH
Capacitor value 1000µF
Table I: Boost Converter Parameters
3. CONCLUSION
The proposed boost converter gives the better voltage
regulation and reduced the steady state error of the system
than the conventional Boost converter. It also reduces the
total harmonics distortion of the systems.Thecomparison is
shown in table no.II
Circuit Topologies THD Output
Voltage
Conventional Boost
Converter
64.54% 23.18V
Boost converter with PID 49.56% 49.98V
Boost Converter With PID
and LMS
25.28% 49.85V
REFERENCES
[1] M.H. Rashid, “Power electronics: circuits, devices and
applications”Prentice-hall, 1993.
[2] Kumar, J. Sai, and Tikeshwar Gajpal. "A Multi Input DC-
DC Converter for Renewable Energy Applications."
(2016).
[3] Ferdous, S. M., Mohammad Abdul Moin Oninda, Golam
Sarowar, KaziKhairul Islam, and Md Ashraful Hoque.
"Non-isolated single stage PFC based LED driver with
THD minimization using Cúk converter." In Electrical
and Computer Engineering (ICECE), 2016.
[4] M.Arun Devil, K.Valarmathi, R.Mahendran;"Ripple
Current Reduction in Interleaved Boost converter by
Using Advanced PWM Techniques", IEEE International
Conference on Advanced Communication Control and
Computing Technologies (lCACCCT), 2014.
[5] Ferdous, S. M., Mohammad Abdul Moin Oninda, Golam
Sarowar, Kazi Khairul Islam, and Md Ashraful Hoque.
"Non-isolated single stage PFC based LED driver with
THD minimizationusingCúk converter."InElectrical and
Computer Engineering (ICECE), 2016 9th International
Conference on, pp. 471-474. IEEE, 2016.
[6] Wei, Huai, and Issa Batarseh. "Comparison of basic
converter topologies for power factor correction." In
Southeastcon'98. Proceedings. IEEE, pp.348-353. IEEE,
1998.
[7] Raviraj, V. S. C., and Paresh C. Sen. "Comparativestudyof
proportional-integral, sliding mode, and fuzzy logic
controllers for power converters." IEEETransactionson
Industry Applications 33, no. 2(1997): 518-524.
[8] Meena, Rajendra. "Simulation study of boost converter
with various control techniques." International Journal
of Science and Research (IJSR) 3, no. 9 (2014): 74-79.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i11131-191230053232/85/IRJET-Adaptive-Approach-for-Reducing-the-Total-Harmonic-Distortion-of-Boost-Converter-using-PWM-Switching-3-320.jpg)
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 11 | Nov 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1232
[9] L. Mitra and N. Swain, "Closed loop control of solar
powered boost converter with PID controller," 2014
IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics,
Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES), Mumbai, 2014,pp.
1-5.
[10] Dave, Mitulkumar R., and K. C. Dave. "Analysis of boost
converter using pi control algorithms." International
Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 3.2
(2012): 71-73.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i11131-191230053232/85/IRJET-Adaptive-Approach-for-Reducing-the-Total-Harmonic-Distortion-of-Boost-Converter-using-PWM-Switching-4-320.jpg)
IRJET- Adaptive Approach for Reducing the Total Harmonic Distortion of Boost Converter using PWM Switching
- 1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 11 | Nov 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1229 Adaptive Approach for Reducing the Total Harmonic Distortion of Boost Converter using PWM Switching Ateef A.Aleem1, Prof. V.S. Ponkshe2 1PG Student, Department of Electrical Engineering, AISSMS, Pune 2Prof. V.S. Ponkshe, Department of Electrical Engineering, AISSMS, Pune ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract: This paper proposes the MATLAB- simulation of adaptive approach for reducingthetotalharmonics distortion of boost converter using PWM switching. The main aim of boost converter is to maintain the constant output voltage despite variation in input voltage, components and load. The closed loop implementation of converter can maintain the constant output voltage. This papers aim to achieve a better efficiency low harmonic distortion and also toachieveabetter stability, improves the dynamic response and reduces the steady-state error with the Least mean square algorithm. Key Words: Boost converter, THD, PID, Least Mean Square (LMS) 1. INTRODUCTION: In various applicationsswitchedmodeconvertersarewidely required by several components of an electronic product that are designed to be operated under a constant voltage. DC-DC converters are applied in battery, bioelectric products, photovoltaic cell, power systems telecommunication, high voltage dc transmission, andmany other applications[1][2]. As all Batteries can’t efficiently full fill the requirement of the today’s electronic products soDC- DC converter are required. Boost power converters have been widely used for Power Factor calculation and correction in AC-DC conversions [3] and for power managementin batterypoweredDC-DCconversions.Moving beyond low-power applications, such as cellular phones, smart phones and other portable electronic products, boost converters are being used more and morein medium-power applications. For example, in computing and consumer electronics telecommunication, transportation, utility systems, etc. [4], [5]. In communications and industrial products, simple boost converters are used in satellite dish auxiliary power supplies and peripheral card supplies [6]. Several control techniques have been proposed to ensure stability as well as fast transient response namely - Fuzz Logic controller, Artificial Neural Network (ANN), PID controller and PI controller.Several Optimizationtechniques such as Genetic Algorithm, ParticleSwarmOptimization, and Bacterial Foraging Optimizationhavealsobeenproposed[7], [8],[9]. There are some famous DC-DC converters namely – Buck, Boost, Buck-Boost, Cuk, Sepic and Zeta. One of the most prominent research interests in this era is the application of DC-DC converters with high step-up voltage gain[10]. Amongst all converters, most widely used DC-DC converter is the Boost converter, a step up converter which Provides a higher voltage at the load side, Vo compared to the source voltage Vs. Open loop mode of operation of Boost Converter exhibits substandard voltage regulation and Undesirable dynamic response. Therefore,closedloop mode of operation is preferred for proper voltage regulation and Performance enhancement. In power electronics due to continuous switching of operation of switches there is losses occurs .This losses will reduced the efficiency of the system and increased the total harmonics distortion of the system. This paper initially involves simulation of basic simulation of boost converter and calculation of THD.Its start with the basic circuits and switches to advance circuits such us LMS algorithm and effects of LMS on boost converter performanceandresultsof THD. 1.1 Harmonics: The harmonics in electrical systems means that current and voltage are distorted and differ from sinusoidal waveforms. 1.2 Total Harmonics Distortion: Total harmonic distortion, or THD, is the summation of all harmonic components of the voltage or current waveform compared against the fundamentalcomponentofthevoltage or current wave: …………………….(1) 2. Block Diagram Fig 1.Block Diagram
- 2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 11 | Nov 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1230 2.1 Boost Converter: Fig 2.Boost Converter The basic principle of a Boost converter consists of 2 states: In the On-state, the switch S is closed, the current start flowing through the inductor. Hence inductor starts storing the enrgy. In the Off-state, the switch is open and inductor discharge through freewheeling diode, capacitor and Load R. Fig 3.On-state and Off-State of Boost converter The Transfer Function of Boost Converter is.. ………(2) Fig 4:Boost Converter Fig 5: Output voltage wave form of Boost converter Fig 6: Simulation Boost converter with PID Controller Fig 7: Boost Converter with PID Controller and THD The tracking error obtained from the differencebetweenthe reference signal which serves as theinput R(t)andtheactual output signal Vo(t). The tracking error is fed on to the PID controller which computes the derivative and integral ofthe signal provided. The output of the PID controller u(t) to be applied to the plant is equal to the proportional gain (KP) times the magnitude of the error signal plus theintegral gain (KI) times the integral of the error signal plus the derivative gain (KD) times the derivative of the error signal. Time domain representation of thesignal u(t)fedto the plant is given by – ………1……….(3) The plant on receiving the signal u(t) will generate a modified output Vo(t) which will be again compared to the
- 3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 11 | Nov 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1231 reference signal until the desired level is reached thereby forming a close loop system. Fig 8:Boost Converter with LMS algorithm Fig 9:Boost converter with PID+LMS and THD Fig 7: Output of Boost Converter with LMS algorithm Boost converter parameters are as given in Table I Parameters Value Input voltage 12V Output voltage 49.99V Inductor value 100µH Capacitor value 1000µF Table I: Boost Converter Parameters 3. CONCLUSION The proposed boost converter gives the better voltage regulation and reduced the steady state error of the system than the conventional Boost converter. It also reduces the total harmonics distortion of the systems.Thecomparison is shown in table no.II Circuit Topologies THD Output Voltage Conventional Boost Converter 64.54% 23.18V Boost converter with PID 49.56% 49.98V Boost Converter With PID and LMS 25.28% 49.85V REFERENCES [1] M.H. Rashid, “Power electronics: circuits, devices and applications”Prentice-hall, 1993. [2] Kumar, J. Sai, and Tikeshwar Gajpal. "A Multi Input DC- DC Converter for Renewable Energy Applications." (2016). [3] Ferdous, S. M., Mohammad Abdul Moin Oninda, Golam Sarowar, KaziKhairul Islam, and Md Ashraful Hoque. "Non-isolated single stage PFC based LED driver with THD minimization using Cúk converter." In Electrical and Computer Engineering (ICECE), 2016. [4] M.Arun Devil, K.Valarmathi, R.Mahendran;"Ripple Current Reduction in Interleaved Boost converter by Using Advanced PWM Techniques", IEEE International Conference on Advanced Communication Control and Computing Technologies (lCACCCT), 2014. [5] Ferdous, S. M., Mohammad Abdul Moin Oninda, Golam Sarowar, Kazi Khairul Islam, and Md Ashraful Hoque. "Non-isolated single stage PFC based LED driver with THD minimizationusingCúk converter."InElectrical and Computer Engineering (ICECE), 2016 9th International Conference on, pp. 471-474. IEEE, 2016. [6] Wei, Huai, and Issa Batarseh. "Comparison of basic converter topologies for power factor correction." In Southeastcon'98. Proceedings. IEEE, pp.348-353. IEEE, 1998. [7] Raviraj, V. S. C., and Paresh C. Sen. "Comparativestudyof proportional-integral, sliding mode, and fuzzy logic controllers for power converters." IEEETransactionson Industry Applications 33, no. 2(1997): 518-524. [8] Meena, Rajendra. "Simulation study of boost converter with various control techniques." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 3, no. 9 (2014): 74-79.
- 4. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 11 | Nov 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1232 [9] L. Mitra and N. Swain, "Closed loop control of solar powered boost converter with PID controller," 2014 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES), Mumbai, 2014,pp. 1-5. [10] Dave, Mitulkumar R., and K. C. Dave. "Analysis of boost converter using pi control algorithms." International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 3.2 (2012): 71-73.