Drones
- 2. OUTLINES: WHATISDRONE HISTORYOF DRONE USE OF DRONE TYPES OF DRONE THE DRONE OPERATING SYSTEM APPLICATION OF DRONES ADVANTAGES LIMITATIONS CONCLUSION
- 3. A drone, in a technological context, is an unmanned aircraft. Drones are more formally known as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV’s) or unmanned aircraft systems (UAS’s). Essentially, a drone is a flying robot. The aircrafts may be remotely controlled or can fly autonomously through software-controlled flight plans in their systems working in conjunction with onboard sensors and GPS WHAT IS DRONE ?
- 4. HISTORY OFDRONE The first generally used drone was a full-size retooling of the de Havilland DH82B "Queen Bee" biplane, which was fitted out with a radio and servo-operated controls in the back seat. The plane could be conventionally piloted from the front seat, but, generally, the plane flew unmanned and was shot at by artillery gunners in training. The term drone dates to this initial use, a play on the "Queen Bee" nomenclature. In late 2012, Chris Anderson, editor in chief of Wired magazine, retired to dedicate himself to his drones company, 3D Robotics Inc. The company, which started off specializing in hobbyist personal drones, now markets its solutions to photography and film companies, construction, utilities and telecom businesses, and public safety companies, among others.
- 5. • IN LATE 2013, AMAZON WAS ONE OF THE FIRST ORGANIZATIONS TO ANNOUNCE A PLAN TO USE COMMERCIAL DRONES FOR DELIVERY ACTIVITIES. OTHERS HAVE SINCE FOLLOWED SUIT. • UNMANNED AIRCRAFT MUST REMAIN WITHIN VISUAL LINE-OF-SIGHT OF THE REMOTE PILOT IN COMMAND AND THE PERSON MANIPULATING THE FLIGHT CONTROLS OF THE SMALL UAS OR, ALTERNATELY, WITHIN VLOS OF THE VISUAL OBSERVER • UAVS MAY NOT OPERATE OVER ANYONE NOT DIRECTLY PARTICIPATING IN THE OPERATION, UNDER A COVERED STRUCTURE OR INSIDE A COVERED STATIONARY VEHICLE • DAYLIGHT-ONLY OPERATIONS, OR CIVIL TWILIGHT (30 MINUTES BEFORE OFFICIAL SUNRISE TO 30 MINUTES AFTER OFFICIAL SUNSET, LOCAL TIME) WITH APPROPRIATE ANTI-COLLISION LIGHTING • MUST YIELD RIGHT OF WAY TO OTHER AIRCRAFT
- 6. USES OF DRONE THEY ARE DEPLOYED FOR MILITARY APPLICATIONS BUT ALSO USED IN A SMALL BUT GROWING NUMBER OF CIVIL APPLICATIONS SUCH AS POLICING,FIREFIGHTING,AND NOMMILITARY SECURITY WORK,SUCH AS SURVEILLANCE OF PIPELINES. UAVs ARE OFTEN PREFERRED FOR MISSIONS THAT ARE TOO “DULL,DIRTY,OR DANGEROUS” FOR MANNED AIRCRAFT.
- 7. TYPESOFDRONE: 1. Single Rotor Drone: The most common construction in rotary type drone use to be multi rotor type designs that have many rotors for holding its position but in case if single rotor model you will find just a single rotor inside. Another one will be a tail rotor that simply assists to provide control to the heading.
- 8. 2. Tricopter: There are three different types of powerful motors inside a tricopter, three controllers, four gyros and only one servo. The motors are simply placed at every extreme end of three arms and each one of these is holding a location sensor.
- 9. 3. Quadcopter: When a multirotor is designed with four rotor blades then it becomes quadcopter. These devices are usually controlled by specially designed brushless type DC motors. Two of the motors use to move in clockwise direction whereas other two run in counter clockwise direction. It helps to decide a safe landing for quadcopter.
- 10. 4. Hexacopter: Hexacopter will serve you for many potential applications with its 6 motor mechanism where 3 work on clockwise direction and other three move in anti clock wise direction. Hence, these devices are able to gain higher lifting power as compared to quadcopters. You need not to worry about its mechanism as it is designed to serve as an extremely safe landing craft.
- 11. 5. Octocopter: Octo means eight; so octocopter is going to serve you with its powerful eight motors and that send power to 8 functional propellers. This craft naturally have much flying capabilities as compared to units discussed above and are also highly stable. You can avail a stable footage recording with octocopters at any altitude. These devices find application in the world of professional photography.
- 12. 6. Fixed Wing Drone: Here is entirely different category from all above units. There designs are quite unique as compared to commonly used multi rotor type drones. You will find a wing on them and they appear like traditional airplanes
- 13. 7. The bottom line: Most of the designs of drones available in market are quadcopters because they are able to lift huge weight without any additional engineering adjustment. It is the most cost-effective solution to most of your needs.
- 14. According to Size 1.Very Small Drones: They can be designed with a common size range varying from a large sized insect to a 50 cm long unit. Two most common designs in this category are: Mini Drones and Nano/ Micro Drones. The nano drones are widely used due to their tiny structure and light weight construction as they work like essential weapons for spying
- 15. 2. MINI DRONE: THEY HAVE A SIZE LITTLE BIGGER THEN MICRO DRONES THAT MEANS WILL GO ABOVE 50 CM BUT WILL HAVE MAXIMUM 2M DIMENSION. MOST OF THESE DRONE MODELS ARE DESIGNED WITH FIXED WINGS TYPE CONSTRUCTION WHEREAS FEW CAN HAVE ROTARY WINGS. DUE TO THEIR SMALL SIZE THEY LACK IN POWER.
- 16. 3.Medium Drones: This category of drones presents heavier units but are lighter and smaller then aircrafts. These drones can carry weight up to 200 Kgs and have average flying capacity of 5 to 10 minutes. 4. Large Drones: Large drones are somewhat comparable to size of aircraft and are most commonly used for military applications. Placed that cannot be covered with normal jets are usually captured with these drones. They are main device for surveillance applications.
- 17. According to Range: 1.Very Close-Range Drones: They act like a favourite toy for most of the kids. They are able to fly up to 5 Km with fly time of 20 to 45 minutes when equipped with powerful batteries. Some of the most commonly used units in this category are Raven and Dragon Eye. 2.Close Range Drones: Such drones are able to fly up to 50 Km with a battery backup of 1 to 6 hours. As they can work for longer durations and can cover far distances so they find their applications in surveillance missions.
- 18. 3.Short Range Drones: They are little superior as compared to close range drones so are commonly use for military applications. They are able to travel up to maximum distance of 150 Km that means coverage is almost 100Km more than that of close range drones. The estimated flight time for short range drones is 8 to 12 hours so they are useful for reconnaissance and spy applications. 4.Mid-Range Drones: This category of drones is much powerful as compared to all discussed above. They are well known as high speed drones that can cover area up to 650 Km. Mid-range drones are commonly used for surveillance applications and some basic type under this category work for meteorological data collection needs. 5. Endurance: Here is the best collection of drones that has impressive flight time of 36 hours and can go up to maximum height of 3000 feet above sea level easily. These drones are popular for high end surveillance applications.
- 19. According to Equipment With Camera: Most of action camera lovers and shooting experts love to buy drones equipped with camera to capture classic shots at tough locations. The film making industry is utilizing them commonly for movie footage. With FPV: FPV here stands for First Person Viewing- a very common application of drones that are capable enough to record things like viewers are watching them on real time basis
- 20. With GPS: These units are gaining more and more popularity these days as they are capable enough to capture location information on the go. You can send this drone to record scenes at any fixed location as they are highly stable and they will come home after completing task. With Stabilizer: Gyroscope technology is majorly developed for improving flight capabilities of drones. Currently, device shave been designed with six axis type drone stabilization features so that your device can stay stable in air and can manage movements at steeper turns. These devices can follow instructions instantly and will perfect impressively for all shooting needs.
- 21. APPLICATIONS OF DRONES Search and rescue – Drones are very useful in searching and rescuing operations. Security – Many authorities use drones to protect people during various emergencies. For instance, they are able to help coordinate a variety of security operations and can preserve evidence alike. Inspections – Many systems such as power lines, wind turbines, and pipelines can be checked by drones. Surveillance – A drone allows recording and monitoring from the sky, and therefore, they are suitable to monitor public events, protests, or any suspicious happening without being heard and seen. A great tool for the police
- 22. Science & research– They help scientists a lot in research works to observe different occurrences in nature or a particular environment from the sky Aerial photography & video – With a drone that is equipped with an HD camera, you can take the fascinating photos and shot footage of great quality from the sky. Surveying & gis (mapping) – Using multi-spectral cameras and laser scanners, drones are able to create high-quality 3-D maps. Therefore, they found applications in various areas, including remote sensing, surveying & mapping, photogrammetry, precision agriculture, etc. Unmanned cargo system – Drones also serve in delivering of lightweight packages and bundles of all sorts. This way, you can have a safe, environmentally friendly and fast transport of goods by air.
- 23. ADVANTAGES OF DRONES• Offers a Disposable Quality • Creating New Jobs and Opportunities • Versatility • Boosts Productivity LIMITATIONS OF DRONES • Privacy Issues • Drone Collisions and Property Damage • Inexpensive Weapons • Data Collection
- 24. CONCLUSION IT IS OBVIOUS THAT DRONE TECHNOLOGY IS AN IMPORTANT PART OF THE FUTURE OF WARFARE AND IS SET TO BECOME A BIG COMMERCIAL INDUSTRY. THE FACT THAT DRONES CAPABILITIES POSE A THREAT TO THE LIBERTIES OF PEOPLE AROUND THE GLOBE IS ALSO APPARENT. LEGISLATING ON DRONES NOW IS OF PARAMOUNT IMPORTANCE BECAUSE IT SETS THE NECESSARY LIMITATIONS TO PROTECT RIGHTS AS DRONES ARE USED IN THE FUTURE. AN IDEAL POLICY FOR THE USE OF DRONES WOULD INCLUDE MORE TRANSPARENCY, INTERNATIONAL STANDARDIZATION AND COOPERATION, AND A SYSTEM TO KEEP TRACK OF WHO OWNS DRONES DOMESTICALLY.