Selenium Web Driver Tutorial for Cross Browser Testing
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This document provides an overview of Selenium and its components for cross-browser testing. It discusses Selenium IDE, Selenium Remote Control (RC), Selenium WebDriver, and Selenium Grid. It then focuses on Selenium WebDriver, explaining its architecture which includes Selenium client libraries, the JSON Wire Protocol, browser drivers, and browsers. It provides examples of using the Firefox and Chrome WebDriver and discusses setting up the ChromeDriver binary. It concludes by encouraging the reader to try out Selenium WebDriver and share any other questions.
Selenium Web Driver Tutorial for Cross Browser Testing
- 2. Selenium Webdriver Tutorial for Cross Browser Testing www.lambdatest.com
- 3. Components of the Selenium Suite ● Selenium Integrated Development Environment (IDE) ● Selenium Remote Control (RC) ● Selenium WebDriver ● Selenium Grid
- 4. Selenium Integrated Development Environment Selenium IDE is a simple Firefox Plugin and it is used to record & playback scripts. However, the Selenium IDE can only be used to write automation scripts for automating testing of simple use cases. Selenium IDE does not support Conditional statements, Exception handling, loops, screenshot capture, etc.
- 5. Selenium Remote Control For testing complex scenarios, Selenium Remote Control (RC) can be used. It is based on the client- server model which makes it possible to execute tests on the browser that is controlled by the server. There are client libraries in different programming languages which make it easy for developers to write effective test cases
- 6. Selenium WebDriver The primary focus of our Selenium WebDriver tutorial. By far, we know that Selenium IDE is GUI based, where Selenium RC is a standalone Java program that will allow you to execute HTML test suites. Selenium WebDriver framework is more widely used when compared to Selenium IDE & Selenium RC.
- 7. Serial testing is fine till the time you have to test code that is confined to few browsers, operating systems, or devices. However, the testing methodology would falter once testing has to be formed in an environment that has multiple combinations. Selenium Grid
- 8. As a part of Selenium WebDriver tutorial, it is imperative to have a look at the major blocks that comprise the Selenium WebDriver architecture: ● Selenium Client Libraries ● JSON Wire Protocol ● Browser Drivers ● Browsers Selenium WebDriver Architecture
- 9. Selenium Client Libraries As mentioned earlier, developers can use Selenium to write test code in different languages like C#, Java, Python, Perl, etc. The multi-language support is possible due to Selenium Client Libraries or Selenium Language Bindings.
- 10. JSON Wire Protocol JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) Wire Protocol facilitates the transfer of data between the Client & Server. It is REST (Representational State Transfer) based API. Each browser will have its own browser driver.
- 11. Browser Driver is mainly used for communicating with the browsers. Since the internal logic of the browser & its functionality is not revealed, Browser Driver ensures the necessary layer of ‘encapsulation’ in order to keep execution level details more abstract. Browser Drivers
- 12. Since Browser Drivers are available for popular browsers like Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer, Safari, Microsoft Edge, etc., you can use either of them for performing cross browser testing. It should be noted that you cannot perform cross browser testing of a website on a browser whose Browser Driver is not publicly available. Browsers
- 13. Now that you are aware of the basics of Selenium and Browser Drivers, it is time we have a look at a simple WebDriver script in our Selenium WebDriver tutorial. Before we look at the example, please make sure that you have the programming environment ready i.e. download the IDE of your choice (We are using the with all the required packages/software downloaded from the Eclipse Marketplace). Selenium WebDriver In Action
- 14. The previous section in our Selenium WebDriver tutorial, we used the Firefox WebDriver. In this section, we look at the changes that are required in case you are using the Chrome browser for testing. You should ensure that the standalone ChromeDriver binary (which is different than the Chrome browser binary) is available in the right path or it is present as a part of the webdriver.chrome.driver environment variable. Chrome WebDriver example
- 15. So far in our Selenium WebDriver tutorial, we have demonstrated cross browser testing using the Firefox WebDriver & Chrome WebDriver. In this section, we look at the changes that are required in case you are using the Chrome browser for testing. You should download the correct Internet Explorer WebDriver (32 bit/64 bit) from here or here. Internet Explorer WebDriver Example
- 16. That was all from our end in our basic Selenium WebDriver tutorial. We hope this was useful to you. Do share your questions and thoughts on the same in the comment section below. We will be upcoming with more blogs revolving around Selenium, so stay tuned! www.lambdatest.com CONCLUSION
- 17. HAPPY TESTING!!