Vagrant and Chef on FOSSASIA 2014
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The document discusses the use of Vagrant and Chef to create reproducible and portable work environments for development, highlighting the advantages of reduced setup time and improved efficiency. It details the architecture, components, and setup processes for both tools while emphasizing the importance of version control and collaboration in development environments. Additionally, it touches on the benefits of integrating DevOps practices to enhance cooperation between developers and system operators.
![The solo.rb File
• Define some paths:
file_cache_path "/var/chef-cache"
cookbook_path ["/var/chef/cookbooks”]
data_bag_path "/var/chef/data_bags"
role_path "/var/chef/roles"](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/vagrantfossasia2014-140301005709-phpapp02/85/Vagrant-and-Chef-on-FOSSASIA-2014-23-320.jpg)
![The config.json File
• Define cookbook runlist:
{"run_list" : ["recipe[cookbook_name]"]}
• Further configuration in config.json
overwrites defaults in cookbooks
node['key1']['key2']](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/vagrantfossasia2014-140301005709-phpapp02/85/Vagrant-and-Chef-on-FOSSASIA-2014-24-320.jpg)
Vagrant and Chef on FOSSASIA 2014
- 1. Reproducible and Portable Work Environments with Vagrant and Chef
- 2. About Me • 33 years old, almost married • From Karlsruhe, Germany • Studied Computer Science • Hobbies: guitar, climbing, cycling, travel, photography • Works in Phnom Penh for 3 months • Working with TYPO3
- 4. Outline • Motivation • Introducing Vagrant & Chef • Vagrant „Hands-On“ • Advanced usage
- 6. Motivation • Internal project • Estimated development time ~2 years • Approx. 15 developers • 2-day sprints, every second week • 4 developers per sprint
- 7. Motivation Observations • Setting up dev environment takes > 1 day – More than ½ of the sprint time! • Developers spent too much time on setup • Always needed physical server for testing
- 8. Solution: Vagrant Boxes Provisioning 2 virtual machines... • ...each with an extended LAMP stack*) • ...with 4 different projects takes less than 15 minutes *) including RabbitMQ, Solr, Git, Composer, tons of PHP modules...
- 9. Technological Stack VirtualBox Free open source virtualization tool Chef Automation tool for Configuration Management Vagrant “Remote control” for VirtualBox
- 11. What is Vagrant? • Building tool for portable work environments • Tool for distributing work environments • Written in Ruby • Open Source • Build upon well-established tools
- 12. Vagrant Components • Vagrant Box • Vagrantfile • Provisioners • Providers
- 13. Vagrant Boxes • Pre-installed base images • Used as base layer for all further provisioning • Many different boxes available online:
- 14. The Vagrantfile • Marks root directory of Vagrant project • Describes what Vagrant box to use • Describes settings of box (e.g. network) • Triggers the provisioning of box (using Chef)
- 15. Provisioners • Configures your Vagrant box by – Installing packages and software – Configuration and starting of services • Multiple provisioners available • Run once the box is booted
- 16. Providers • Describe in which virtualization environment to provision your machines • Multiple providers available – VirtualBox – VMWare – Amazon AWS
- 18. What is Chef? • Configuration Management automation tool • Written in Ruby • „Code your desired system state“ • Put system state into version control • Relies on a client / server architecture – Or use chef solo without a server
- 22. Using chef-solo • mount cookbooks directory into your box config.vm.synced_folder "./chef", "/var/chef" config.vm.synced_folder "./home", "/var/ vagrant-home" • run chef-solo in your box config.vm.provision :shell do |s| s.inline = "sudo chef-solo -c /var/chef/ solo.rb -j /var/vagrant-home/config.json" end
- 23. The solo.rb File • Define some paths: file_cache_path "/var/chef-cache" cookbook_path ["/var/chef/cookbooks”] data_bag_path "/var/chef/data_bags" role_path "/var/chef/roles"
- 24. The config.json File • Define cookbook runlist: {"run_list" : ["recipe[cookbook_name]"]} • Further configuration in config.json overwrites defaults in cookbooks node['key1']['key2']
- 25. Chef Provisioning Alternatives • Different ways for Chef provisioning – Mounting Cookbooks and use chef-solo – Copy Cookbooks into box and use chef-solo – Use Chef client in box and Chef server
- 26. Overview 2 Chef Cookbooks /home/vagrant/chef mounted/copied into OR taken from chef server Vagrant Box 4 uses cookbooks triggers chef 3 remote controlls 1
- 28. Provisioning Activity Provisioning Activity Provision Projects Configuration Management Booting Box Set up Box Chef, Git Vagrant, Chef Vagrant, VirtualBox Vagrant
- 29. Set Up Box 1. Install VirtualBox & Vagrant 2. Add a box vagrant box add box_name http://box_url 1. Create a first Vagrantfile mkdir vagrant cd vagrant vagrant init
- 30. Set up & Boot the Box 4. Use the box in your Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "box_name" end 5. Boot your machine vagrant up 6. ssh into your machine vagrant ssh
- 31. Versioning and Distribution • Remember: „Everything should be put into Version Control!“ • Vagrantfile can easily be put into any VCS • Distributing an environment is as easy as git clone [email protected]:my/vagrant.git cd vagrant vagrant up
- 32. Daily Vagrant Usage • Start the box vagrant up • Stop the box Vagrant halt • Suspend the box vagrant suspend • Resume the box vagrant resume
- 34. Multiple Boxes for Multiple Projects PROs - Easy to set up - Can have different systems in a box Vagrant Box Project 1 Vagrant Box Project 2 CONs - Have multiple Boxes running at the same time consumes resources Vagrant Box Project 3
- 35. Multiple Projects in one Box PROs - Less ressources required Vagrant Box Project 1 Project 2 Project 3 CONs - No easy way to set up - Longer provisioning time - Bigger boxes
- 36. Identical Copy of Server server is provisioned using Chef Client Chef Client Chef Server Chef Cookbooks mounted/copied into OR taken from chef server provisioned using same cookboks Identical Copy of Server as Vagrant Box
- 37. Vagrant & Chef for CI / CD • Set up the whole deployment chain locally • Use tools like Jenkins inside your boxes • Provision the projects on Jenkins with Chef
- 38. DevOps • Tools like Vagrant and Chef bring Developers and system operators closer together • Learn from each other • Use each other‘s tools for problem solving
- 41. Summary • Vagrant is a great tool for portable boxes • Chef can help you manage your configuration • „Infrastructure as Code“ • Same environment on dev and live system • DevOps brings devs and admins together