Assembling a computer

Presentation on
Assembling a Computer
Presenting By:
Neeraj Dhiman

Safety Procedures
 Clean work area free of dust and food
 Never open a monitor
 Remove jewelry and watches
 Turn power off and remove power plug
 Fire extinguisher available
 Use anti static mat and wrist strap
 Hold cards by edges/avoid touching chips
 Put components on non conductive surface
 Do not use magnetized screw drivers

Electrostatic Discharge
 If you notice it, it’s at least 2000 volts
 Charge of 200 volts can damage components
 Keep all components in anti-static bags
 Humidity above 50%
 Use grounded mats (workbench and floor)
 Use wrist straps
 Periodically touch unpainted grounded metal
computer parts to lower the body’s static
energy

Keeping an Inventory
 Document all components, parts purchased
 Use an inventory checklist
 May be difficult to recall later
 Will be helpful in locating and downloading
device drivers
 Note specific warranty info
 Save specifics about installation and
maintenance requirements so warranties will be
valid
 Use small box to hold all manuals and disks
 Label box for specific computer
 Store in secure place

Choosing a computer case and
system unit
 Case
 Allows easy access to
internal components
 Provides room for expansion
 ATX form factor
 Available desk top space
 LED indicators on front
 Dust filters if area where
computer to be used is dusty
 Power supply
 Minimum 250
watts
 ATX
 Single 20 pin
 Fan pulls air
through case
from front to
back

Preparing to install
Motherboard
 Review the motherboard location map
 Configure the motherboard
 Install the CPU, heat sink and fan, RAM
 Connect power supply cables to
motherboard power connectors and misc.
connectors to correct switches and lights
 Set the system BIOS

Configuring the processor
 Set jumper settings
for appropriate
frequency
 Ensure the CPU
used supports the
BUS speed and the
CPU clock speed of
Motherboard

Installing the CPU
 ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) trait on nearly all socket 7 and
similar types
 Inspect pins for damage
 Locate pin 1 on both chip and socket
 Open the ZIF socket (raise lever)
 Insert processor (should easily slide on)
 Make sure there is not a gap between bottom of chip and
socket
 Push lever down
 Set CPU voltage jumper settings if necessary (Pentium II
and later CPU’s adjust automatically to voltage)

Install Heat Sink and Fan
 Attach fan to heat sink if not already
attached
 Apply thin layer of compound to chip
surface
 Attach heat sink by placing squarely
on top of processor and press down
gently
 Bend clips in place to hold sink
 Make sure there is good contact
between sink and Chip surface
 Wipe off any excess compound
 Plug power cord from fan to fan
power pins on motherboard

Install RAM
 Two types RAM used on
most PC’s
 DDR1
 DDR2
 Look at motherboard map to
determine which bank to
place DIMM 1 module in
 Orient the Dimm chip over
the slot (keyed) and insert
into slot
 Lock in place by closing
levers

Installing the Motherboard
 Position case for easy access, locate holes on
motherboard and corresponding holes on case
 Insert spacers that came with motherboard into
holes on case and install plastic standoffs into holes
on motherboard
 Carefully slide the board into the case, lining up
holes
 Tighten board to case with screws
 Verify that the back of the motherboard is not
touching the case, all slots and connectors line up
properly, board is securely held in place, and board
does not bend when pressed

Attaching LEDs, key lock and
speaker
 Use motherboard manual as a guide for
proper placement
 Turbo LED (mainly legacy item)
 Power LED
 Hard drive activity LED
 Key lock switch (common with older
systems, rare now; prevented BIOS
meddling)
 PC speaker

Connect power supply cables
 AT motherboard
 Locate two large wire leads from power supply
(P8 and P9)
 Locate 12 pin power connector on motherboard
 Plug P8 and P9 into connector
 Be sure black wires are in the middle beside one
another
 ATX motherboard
 Attach the connector that is keyed to fit only one
way into the motherboard connector

Attach hard drive and CD-ROM
 Use separate IDE cables if possible and set both jumpers to
Master (or single on the hard drive if available)
 If sharing an IDE cable, set the hard drive to Master and the CD-
ROM to slave
 Install hard drive away from power supply which can act like a
magnet and destroy data
 Keep hard drive near front of case to benefit from air drawn into
case and keep away from other hardware
 Slide drive into selected drive rail and screw drive into place
 Attach ribbon cable to the primary controller of the motherboard
and attach power cord
 Follow with CD-ROM installation and attach to secondary
controller of the motherboard

Installing a video card
 Use AGP expansion slot if
available, otherwise use PCI or ISA
 Remove slot insert and insert
video card by aligning pins and
gently applying pressure
 Secure to case with a screw
 Some motherboards have built-in
video. If you want to install an
external card then you must
disable the built in video in the
CMOS
AGP VIDEO CARD

Post Assembly Checklist
 All expansion cards are fully inserted
 CPU fan is attached to power
 The 110/220 volt switch is configured properly
 Drives are connected to power
 Ribbon cables are attached correctly
 Fans are free from interference from wires
 CPU voltage settings are correctly configured
 Power switch is off and power supply connectors are
connected properly to motherboard
 All connections are tight
 Pins are properly aligned
 Close the case before booting
 Connect keyboard, mouse and monitor and plug in AC power

We've successfully assembled
a computer
THANK YOU
ANY QUERY

Assembling a computer

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