Setting off the 5G Advanced evolution with 3GPP Release 18
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The document details the progression and anticipated advancements in 5G technology, specifically through the 3GPP Release 18, highlighting key aspects such as mobile broadband evolution, enhanced device capabilities, and integration of AI/ML for network optimization. It outlines the rapid growth of 5G connections, with projections of over 1 billion by 2023, and describes innovative features aimed at expanding 5G applications across various industries. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of a unified platform for future developments in telecommunications, including device interoperability and energy efficiency.
Setting off the 5G Advanced evolution with 3GPP Release 18
- 1. San Diego, CA January 2022 @QCOMResearch Setting off the 5G Advanced evolution 3GPP Release 18
- 2. 2 Sources — 5G commercial networks: operator public announcements. Operators investing in 5G: GSA, Oct 2020. 5G device shipment projections: Qualcomm internal estimates, Nov 2020. 2023 5G connections: avg of ABI (Jun 2020), Ericsson (Jun 2020) and GSMA Intelligence (Oct 2020). Cumulative 5G smartphone shipments – avg of CCS Insight (Sep 2020), CounterPoint Research (Sep 2020), IDC (Aug 2020), Strategy Analytics (Oct 2020). accelerating globally 285+ Additional operators investing in 5G 750M+ 5G smartphones to ship in 2022 1B+ 5G connections by 2023 — 2 years faster than 4G 200 Operators with 5G commercially deployed 1250+ 5G designs launched or in development 3.8B+ 5G smartphones to ship between 2020 and 2024
- 3. 3 2nd wave of 5G innovations Rel-16 industry expansion Rel-17 continued expansion Rel-15 eMBB focus Rel-18+ 5G-Advanced • eURLLC and TSN for IIoT • NR in unlicensed • 5G V2X sidelink multicast • Lower complexity NR-Light • Non-terrestrial communication (satellites) • Unlicensed/licensed spectrum in 60 GHz • Improved IIoT, positioning V2X, IAB, … • 5G NR foundation • Smartphones, FWA, PC • Expanding to venues, enterprises • Next set of 5G releases (i.e., 18, 19, 20, …) • Rel-18 scope decided in Dec ’21 • Rel-18 study/work to start in Q2-2022 • In-band eMTC/NB-IoT • Positioning 3 1. 3GPP start date indicates approval of study package (study item->work item->specifications), previous release continues beyond start of next release with functional freezes and ASN.1 Driving the 5G technology evolution in the new decade New verticals, deployments, use cases, spectrum Longer-term evolution to deliver on the 5G vision Unified, future-proof platform Rel-15 Rel-171 Rel-161 Rel-191 Rel-20+ evolution Rel-181 2018 2020 2019 2022 2021 2025 2023 2024 2026 2027+
- 4. 4 Release 15 Established 5G NR technology foundation Sub-6 GHz with massive MIMO 5G core network and enhanced E2E security Advanced channel coding Scalable OFDM- based air interface eMBB — enhanced mobile broadband services LTE integration Mobile mmWave Flexible framework Release 16 Expanding to new use cases and industries 5G NR in unlicensed spectrum Mission-critical services with eURLLC (e.g., 5G NR IIoT) 5G NR Cellular V2X Positioning across use cases Better coverage with IAB, uplink MIMO In-band eMTC/NB-IoT and 5G Core IAB integrated access/ backhaul 5G broadcast Private Networks, SON eMBB evolution - improved power, mobility, more ~1.5-2 years between releases Leading 3GPP evolution of Release 17 Continued expansion and enhancements New spectrum above 52.6 GHz NR-Light Reduced Capability (RedCap) for low-complexity IoT More capable, flexible IAB Enhancements to 5G NR Industrial IoT Expand sidelink for V2X reliability, P2V, IoT relay Centimeter accuracy IIoT with mmWave Unlicensed spectrum across all use-cases Non-terrestrial network (i.e., satellites) Enhanced DL/UL MIMO, multiple transmission points Rel-15 deployment learning, eMBB enhancements, XR, others Release 18+ New wave of 5G innovations in the decade-long 5G evolution Automotive and NR V2X enhancements Full-duplex MIMO Smart repeaters for coverage expansion AI/ML data-driven designs 5G NR-Light expansion for IoT and more Non-terrestrial network enhancements Extended Reality (XR) Broadcast enhancements Further eMBB enhancements Sidelink in unlicensed spectrum 5G Advanced
- 5. 5 5 Release 18 scope takes into consideration of the 5G Advanced evolution in Release 18, 19, and beyond (i.e., many Study Items defined to set up for Work Items in later releases) Driving a balanced 5G evolution across key technology areas Mobile broadband evolution vs. further vertical expansion Immediate commercial needs vs. longer-term 5G vision New and enhanced devices vs. network evolution Deliver enhanced mobile broadband experiences and extend 5G’s reach into new use cases Drive new value in commercialization efforts and fully realize 5G’s potential with future deployments Focus on the end-to-end technology evolution of the 5G system to bring new levels of performance
- 6. 6 3GPP Release 18 Rel-15 Rel-16 Rel-20+ Rel-17 Rel-19 The first 3GPP release in 5G Advanced evolution What will be included in Release 18?
- 7. 7 7 Approved package has a wide range of projects — nominal work to start in Q2 2022 3GPP Release 18 sets off the 5G Advanced Evolution Release 18 Strengthen the end-to-end 5G system foundation Advanced DL/UL MIMO Enhanced mobility Mobile IAB, smart repeater AI/ML data-driven designs Green networks Evolved duplexing Proliferate 5G to virtually all devices and use cases Boundless extended reality Expanded sidelink NR-Light (RedCap) evolution Multicast & other enhancements Expanded positioning Drones & expanded satellites comm. 7
- 8. 8 Further enhancing 5G mobile broadband and expanded use cases Strengthen the end-to-end 5G system foundation
- 9. 9 Source: RP-213598 (MIMO Evolution) 1 Channel State Information; 2 CSI Reference Signal; Transmission Configuration Indicator; 4 Demodulation Reference Signal; 5 Joint Transmission; 6 Frequency Division Duplexing; 7 Time Division Duplexing; 8 Sounding Reference Signal; 9 Customer Premises Equipment; 10 Fixed Wireless Access;11 Transmission Reception Points; Uplink Downlink Extending Rel-17 unified TCI3 framework for multiple downlink/uplink TCI states CSI1 and CSI-RS2 enhancements in high or medium velocities to exploit time-domain correlation or Doppler-domain information Supporting larger number of orthogonal DMRS4 ports for downlink or uplink multi-user MIMO Enhanced CSI acquisition for coherent-JT5 targeting 4 TRPs for both FDD6 and TDD7 bands in sub-7 GHz Supporting uplink DMRS, SRS8 for 6/8 Tx uplink to support 4+ layers per device targeting CPE9, FWA10, vehicle, industrial devices Facilitating simultaneous multi-panel uplink for higher throughput and reliability Specifying panel-specific timing/ power control for uplink multi-TRP11 or multi-panel setup Focus areas for Release 18 Continuing to evolve 5G MIMO performance and efficiency 9
- 10. 10 Coverage enhancements targeting multiple PRACH1 transmissions with same beam as well as with different beams (for mmWave) targeting 4-step RACH Improved support of UL-MIMO via dynamic waveform switching between CP-OFDM3 and DFTS-OFDM2 Power domain enhancements, such as dynamic power aggregation for CA/DC and enhanced transmit power efficiency (e.g., via spectrum shaping, tone reservation) 9 (UL coverage enhancements) ccess Channel; 2 Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing; gonal Frequency Division Multiplexing. Driving higher 5G uplink performance and efficiency Uplink enhancements 3GPP Release 18
- 11. 11 ource: RP-213565 (Mobility enhancements) Dual Connectivity; 2 Primary Cell of Secondary Cell Group (SCG); 3 Secondary Cell Group; Master Cell Group; 5 Secondary Cell. Further optimizing 5G device mobility management NR-DC1 with selective activation of cell groups via L3 enh. Conditional PSCell2 Addition and Change among multiple candidate SCGs. One SCG3 active at a time. FR2 enhancements SCell5/SCG setup delay improvement. New early UE measurements procedure. Layer 1 / 2 based inter-cell mobility Configuration and maintenance of multiple candidate cells, dynamic switching among those, and other L1 enhancements (e.g., L1 measurement reporting / mobility command) 5G NR Release 18 project is proposed to address different deployment configurations Work Item targeting operations in both sub-7 GHz and mmWave bands Conditional Handover enhancements Conditional configuration including target MCG and target SCG or target MCG4 and target SCGs for Conditional PSCell Addition and Change.
- 12. 12 12 Source: RP-213601 (Mobile IAB); RP-213700 (Network Controlled Repeaters) Cost-efficient expansion of 5G coverage and capacity New Release 18 project focuses on new 5G deployment topologies Mobile integrated access/backhaul (IAB) and vehicle mounted relay (VMR) Smart repeaters with side control information Focus on the mobile IAB mounted on vehicles providing 5G coverage/capacity enhancement supporting single hop in-band, out-of-band backhauling, device handover and dual connectivity Focus on single-hop operation that is transparent to the device, supporting identification/authorization of smart repeaters, with side control information including max Tx power, beamforming, timing, TDD configurations, and on/off Beamforming Control channel managed by the network
- 13. 13 13 Evolving towards a full duplex wireless system Improving perceived user throughput, latency, uplink coverage — path to single-frequency full duplex (SFFD) Static TDD Sub-band Full Duplex (SBFD) Time aligned to avoid inter-site interference Time separation to avoid self-interference Frequency aligned to avoid inter-site interference Frequency separation and interference cancellation to avoid self-interference gNodeBs are full-duplex capable, devices are half-duplex Downlink heavy device Static slot structure Downlink Downlink Downlink Uplink Total Bandwidth (e.g., 100 MHz) Uplink heavy device Downlink x3 then uplink x1 gNodeB 1 gNodeB 2 Total Bandwidth (e.g., 40 MHz x2 DL, 20 MHz UL) Uplink Uplink Downlink Downlink Uplink Downlink Downlink Uplink Downlink Downlink Uplink Downlink Downlink Uplink Simultaneous uplink and downlink gNodeB 1 gNodeB 2
- 14. 14 14 Key enablers for a full duplex air interface Working to define suitable parameter values for X,Y and Z to enable full duplex operations Spatial/beam isolation/duplexer Two separate antenna panels for simultaneous Tx/Rx 80 to 90 dB isolation between 2 panels based on lab measurement in mmWave Frequency isolation (for SBFD) X dB Total Bandwidth (e.g., 40 MHz x2 DL, 20 MHz UL) Downlink Downlink Uplink Subband “frequency” multiplexing uplink and downlink (FDM) Y dB isolation (Y > 40 dB) Digital/analog self-interference mitigation Tx/Rx processing including potential nulling Z dB from mitigation technique Spatially isolated Rx/Tx beams
- 15. 15 Source: RP-213591 (Evolution of duplex operation) 1 Cross-link Interference Release 18 lays the foundation for the future of full duplex Identify and evaluate potential enhancements to support duplex evolution for 5G NR TDD spectrum Identify applicable and relevant deployment scenarios and use cases Develop evaluation methodology for duplex enhancement Study subband non-overlapping full duplex and potential enhancements on dynamic TDD Future study may include partial overlapping and full overlapping subband Study inter-gNodeB, inter-device CLI1 management and impact on RF requirements considering adjacent-channel coexistence with legacy operation
- 16. 16 5G Advanced (Rel-18+) targets to expand wireless machine learning to the end-to-end system across RAN, device, and air interface 16 AI/ML procedure enhancements Optimizing system for model management, training (e.g., federated and reinforced learning), and inference Data management enhancements Standardizing ML data storage/access, data registration/discovery, and data request/subscription New and expanded use cases Supporting traffic/mobility prediction, coverage/capacity optimization, massive MIMO, SON, CSI feedback, beam management, and other PHY/MAC and upper layer improvements Network architecture enhancements Allowing for machine learning to run over different HW/SW and future RAN function split to improve flexibility and efficiency
- 17. 17 17 Source: RP-213599 (AI/ML for NR Air Interface), RP-213602 (AI/ML for NG-RAN) 1 Quality of Experience Scope for wireless ML projects 3GPP Release 18 Wireless ML Rel-18 AI/ML-enabled air interface design Use cases Including enhanced channel state information (CSI) feedback, beam management, and positioning accuracy (including heavy non-line-of-sight conditions) AI/ML framework for next-generation radio access network AI/ML models Identifying collaboration models, from no collaboration to cross-node ML, life cycle management of models, characterizing model generation/inference algorithms Evaluation methodology Utilizing existing 3GPP framework for evaluations and field data to assess performance in real-world environments, as well as identifying common KPIs Impact assessment Evaluating specification changes needed to support identified use cases, covering PHY layer, protocol, interoperability and testability aspects Network optimization Specify enhanced data collection and signaling support for AI/ML-based network energy saving, load balancing and mobility optimization Future study Study new use cases (e.g., AI/ML for slicing, QoE1), as well as network functionality and interface procedures (e.g., multi-vendor interoperability) 17
- 18. 18 Source: RP-213554 (Network energy savings) 1 Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Release 18 project scope Driving towards greener 5G networks Define a base station energy consumption model Define an evaluation methodology and KPIs Study techniques on the base station and device side to improve network energy savings Target system-level studies with various scenarios: • Urban micro in sub-7 GHz, including TDD massive MIMO • mmWave beam-based deployments • Urban/rural macro in sub-6 GHz with/without DSS1 • Dual connected macro with FDD anchor and TDD on higher sub-7 GHz • Other scenarios, e.g., small cell deployment
- 19. 19 Continued expansion to new device types and tiers — fulfilling the 5G vision Proliferate 5G to virtually all devices and use cases
- 20. 20 Purpose-built system enhancements for XR over 5G Source: RP-213587 (Enhancements for XR) 1 Quality of Service; 2 Key Performance Indicators; 3 Radio Access Network; 4 Connected Discontinued Reception; 5 Semi-Persistent Scheduling Application awareness Optimizing DL/UL XR traffic in the network to improve user experience and network efficiency KPIs1 and QoS2 Enhancing RAN3 support for enhanced granularity for QoS and XR-specific parameters Power optimization Specifying XR-specific power saving techniques such as enhanced C-DRX4 and control channel monitoring Capacity enhancement Supporting resource allocation and scheduling specifically for XR traffic profile, such as enhanced SPS5 and dynamic grants Edge Cloud 5G NR Release 18 focuses on capacity considerations as well as power savings for XR use cases
- 21. 21 21 Source: RP-213678 (Sidelink enhancements); RP-213585 (Sidelink Relay Enhancements) Expanding 5G Sidelink capabilities in Release 18 For V2X, public safety, commercial use cases — Study and Work Item project scope Sidelink enhancements Sidelink relay enhancements Sidelink carrier aggregation Prioritizing backward compatible 5G NR design based on LTE for sub-7 licensed and ITS bands Multi-beam operation Supporting sidelink beam management by reusing and enhancing existing framework and concepts Unlicensed spectrum Supporting optimized sidelink operations in unlicensed 5 and 6 GHz bands Device-to-device relay Allowing single-hop operation for unicast with forward compatibility for more hops Service continuity enhancements for UE-to-NW relay Supporting inter-gNodeB mobility and intra-gNodeB indirect-to-indirect path switching Multipath relay & UE Aggregation/Switching Enhancing reliability and throughput for 1 direct (Uu) + 1 indirect (PC5 or ideal link) path within the same cell Remaining Rel-17 work Completing features such as discontinued reception (DRX) for sidelink relay operations Coexistence of LTE and 5G NR sidelink Reusing the in-device coexistence framework defined in Rel-16 as much as possible
- 22. 22 22 1 Also including satellite access; 2 Data rate of 150 Mbps DL / 50 Mbps UL, latency of 10-30 ms, 10-3 to 10-5 reliability, coverage MCL of 143 dB; 3 Data rate of 1Mbps, MCL of 155.7 dB (eMTC) and 164 dB (NB-IoT) 5G NR: A unified, scalable air interface allowing coexistence of a wide range of 5G device classes eMBB/URLLC Highest performance Smart grid High-end wearables Health monitors Surveillance cameras High-end logistic trackers Industrial sensors NR-Light (RedCap) Lower complexity2 and power eMTC/NB-IoT1 Lowest complexity3, delay tolerant Low-end industrial sensors Smart city (e.g., meters) Agriculture sensors Utility meters Low-end wearables Low-end asset trackers
- 23. 23 23 Source: RP-213661 (RedCap evolution); RP-213645 (Low-Power WUS) 1 Discontinued Reception; 2 Wakeup Signal; 3 Wakeup Receiver 5G eMBB/URLLC Highest performance Rel-15+ Smart grid Health monitors Surveillance cameras Industrial sensors 5G NR-Light (RedCap) Lower complexity and power Rel-17 Lower-tier mobile devices High-end wearables Further scaling down 5G NR-Light for reduced capability devices Release 18 Device coexistence With Rel-17 NR-Light reduced capability and eMBB/URLLC devices Low-power WUS2/WUR3 Enhanced low-power operations targeting IoT use cases Power savings Enhanced DRX1 in inactive mode (>10.24s) and lower device power class Lower device complexity Reduced bandwidth (e.g., 5 MHz), peak data rate, and relaxed device processing timeline
- 24. 24 24 Source: RP-213603 (<5 MHz NR in dedicated spectrum) 1 Subcarrier Spacing; 2 Cyclic Prefix; 3 Primary/Secondary Synchronization Signals; 4 Physical Broadcast Channel Supporting 5G NR devices with 5 MHz or lower bandwidth 3 to 5 MHz bandwidth in dedicated FDD sub-7 GHz spectrum 15 kHz SCS1 with normal CP2 PSS/SSS3 without puncturing, PBCH4 based on current design For 5G NR deployments for specific applications Public Protection & Disaster Relief Railways Utilities 24
- 25. 25 25 Source: RP-212688 (Passive IoT) Further scaling down 5G NR IoT support Continued 3GPP discussions focusing on key interest areas to refine future project scope Passive IoT Targeting for Rel-19+ Precise device class definition Supporting ultra-low power consumption and energy-harvesting capabilities Potential use cases Such as identification, tracking, monitoring, sensing for logistics, transportation, healthcare Existing solutions Competing technologies such as RFID or other proprietary connectivity platforms Design targets Such as link budget, data rate, power, energy harvesting techniques, positioning accuracy Deployment scenarios Such as public/private, indoor/outdoor, macro/small cells, direct/relay, traffic models, spectrum Coexistence With existing 3GPP devices, infrastructure, and spectrum
- 26. 26 26 Source: RP-213588 (Expanded and improved Positioning) 1 Roundtrip Time; 2 Angle of Arrival, Angle of Departure; 3 Time Difference of Arrival; 4 Intelligent Transport System; 5 Radio Access Technology; 6 Positioning Reference Signal, Sounding Reference Signal; 7 aka. RedCap Pushing forward with the 5G positioning technologies Release 16 Establishing foundation Achieving accuracy of 3m/10m (indoor/outdoor) for 80% of time Supporting RTT1, AoA/AoD2, TDOA3, single-cell positioning Including new evaluation scenarios, i.e., industrial IoT Release 17 Enhancing performance Meeting centimeter-level absolute accuracy requirement of down to 0.3m Reducing positioning latency to as low as 10 ms Scaling to higher capacity for millions of simultaneous devices (e.g., IoT, automotive) 5G Advanced in Release 18 Improving performance, expanding to new devices and deployments Sidelink positioning and ranging Defining methodologies, reference signals, measurements, procedures for absolute and relative (e.g., ranging) sidelink positioning in licensed and ITS4 spectrum Improved positioning performance Specifying higher layer solutions for RAT5 dependent positioning techniques, accuracy improvement based on PRS/SRS6 bandwidth aggregation, and carrier phase measurements NR-Light7 positioning Setting performance requirements, evaluating performance for R17 positioning procedures, and identifying potential enhancements 5G positioning evolution
- 27. 27 27 Expanding the 5G NR support for satellites communication 5G Advanced will further enhance the non-terrestrial networks (NTN) foundation Source: RP-213690 (NTN Enhancements); RP-213596 (IoT NTN Enhancements) 1 Very Small Aperture Termina; 2 Earth Station In Motion; 3 Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request; 5G NR for NTN 5G IoT for NTN Complementing terrestrial networks in underserved areas Expanding addressable market for the 5G massive IoT Coverage enhancements for voice and low-data rate services Addressing remaining Rel- 17 issues (e.g., disabling HARQ3 feedback to mitigate impact of HARQ device data rate stalling) Enhanced mobility such as neighbor cell measurements and extending to eMTC Study possible enhancements to Rel-17 for discontinuous coverage Mobility enhancements for satellite and terrestrial networks Enhanced GNSS operation for longer connections and reduced power consumption Deployment in 10+ GHz bands and support for VSAT1/ESIM2 Network verified device location based on satellites network
- 28. 28 5G drones are getting ready to take off Measurement reports • Device-triggered measurement report (height, location, speed) • Flight path reporting • Based on a configured number of cells fulfilling the triggering criteria simultaneously Signaling to support subscription-based aerial device identification Support for broadcast/groupcast of drone identification Beam management enhancements (e.g., device directional antenna) Release 18 leverages the cellular drones work in Rel-15 LTE-A Pro Source: RP-213600 (5G NR Support for UAV)
- 29. 29 Source: RP-213575 (DSS enhancements); RP-213645 (Low-Power WUS); RP-213584 (MUSIM Enhancements); RP-213589 (IDC Enhancements); RP-213583 (Small data transmission); RP-213553 (SON/MDT enhancements); RP- 213594 (QoE Enhancements); RP-213677 (gNodeB CU resiliency); RP-213568 (MBS enhancements); RP-213577 (CA enhancements); 1 Dynamic Spectrum Sharing; 2 5G NR Physical Downlink Control Channel; 3 Wakeup Signal; 4 Subscriber Identity Module; 5 Frequency Division Multiplexing, Time Division Multiplexing; 6 Self Organizing Network/Minimization of Drive Test; 7 Inter Radio Access Technology; 8 Quality of Experience; 9 Central Unit; 10 Carrier Aggregation Further enhancing the 5G NR system Other RAN projects in 3GPP Release 18 Improved DSS1 Enabling NR-PDCCH2 reception in symbols with LTE CRS. Allow two overlapping CRS rate matching patterns regardless of support of multiple TRPs. Low-power WUS3 Study the feasibility of a very low-power WUS design not necessarily using existing signals and aiming at substantial gains compared to R15/R16/R17 mechanisms. Multi-SIM4 Enhance support for simultaneous network connections (i.e., 2) and more seamless switching In-device coexistence Improve interference management of 5G and other technologies focusing on enhanced FDM5 and TDM5 solution Small data transmission Support mobile terminated triggered transmissions in inactive state for e.g., enhanced paging SON/MDT6 enhancements Add IRAT7 handover voice fallback, enhanced random access procedure, and expanded use cases (e.g., NPN) Improved QoE8 Support new service types (e.g., AR, broadcast), QoE in NR-DC (e.g., reporting via Secondary Node) gNodeB CU9 resiliency Study and agree possible failure scenarios associated with the Control Plane of the gNB-CU Multicast enhancements Support reception in inactive mode, UE indication/signaling for "shared processing", enhanced RAN sharing CA10 enhancements Support multi-cell scheduling and improve multi-carrier uplink focusing on Tx switching for 3 or more bands
- 30. 30 30 Release 18 is just the start of the 5G Advanced evolution Further 5G NR enhancements in R19, R20, and beyond Release 21 Release 20 Release 19 Release 18 2022 2025 2023 2024 2026 Rel-18: Techniques on the gNodeB and device side to improve network energy savings in terms of both transmission and reception Network Power Savings XR Rel-18: Application-aware RAN (frame-level QoS, multi-streams), power enhancements, capacity enhancements Rel-19+: Further enhancements for capacity and power Enhanced RedCap/IoT Rel-18: Reduced complexity/cost (5MHz devices), power savings, sidelink support, enhancements for narrow band positioning Rel-19+: Low-power Wake Up Signal, passive IoT (energy harvesting) Enhanced Non-terrestrial network Rel-18: Coverage enhancements, deployment above 10 GHz bands, mobility and service continuity enhancements, enhancements for IoT-NTN Rel-19+: Possible further enhancements Sidelink/V2X Rel-18: Enhancements for unlicensed, mmWave enhancements, device-to-device relay, coexistence of LTE/NR V2X, enhanced CA Rel-19+: Enhancements for sidelink MIMO, enhancements for power savings, etc. eMBB enhancement Rel-18: Rel-18: MIMO enhancements, enhanced uplink coverage, smart repeater, enhanced mobility, network energy savings Rel-19+: MIMO enhancements (CSF time domain compression, etc.), enhancements for network energy savings Release 21 Release 20 Release 19 Release 18 Air interface (cross-node channel state feedback, beam management, positioning) Study Item in Rel-18 and Work Item in Rel-19+ AI/ML Full Duplex in TDD bands, sub-6/mmWave, enhanced crosslink interference, coexistence with legacy and other operators Study Item in Rel-18 and Work Item in Rel-19+ Full Duplex Rel-19+: Further enhancements for system power saving
- 31. 31 How will 5G evolve in the new decade? Continued evolution towards 6G
- 32. 32 Advancing 5G to fulfill its full promise Enhanced mobile experiences, new capabilities, and expansion to diverse verticals 32
- 33. 33 33 Accelerating the 5G expansion and paving the path to 6G A heavyweight lineup of advanced wireless R&D demonstrations for MWC Barcelona 2021 Wide-area 5G evolution ▪ Subband half duplex flexible service multiplexing (OTA) ▪ Precise positioning based on multi-RTT+AoA (OTA w/ ZTE/CMCC) ▪ Cross-node ML for CSF to improve uplink capacity (sim) ▪ NR-Light evolution with sidelink for lower-complexity IoT (sim) ▪ Device stack disaggregation for enhanced performance (msg) Mobile mmWave evolution ▪ Deployment planning tool for outdoor mmWave networks (sim) ▪ mmWave repeaters for improved reliability and coverage (OTA) ▪ Enhanced mmWave beam prediction with machine learning (OTA) ▪ NR-Light expansion to address outdoor IoT use cases (sim) ▪ Indoor mmWave support for industrial IoT use cases (sim) Industrial IoT expansion ▪ Ultra-high reliability, time sensitive networking, and sidelink (OTA) ▪ Centimeter-level indoor positioning for asset tracking (OTA) ▪ Complementary sidelink for improved network capacity (sim) Enhanced 5G V2X sidelink ▪ Complementing 5G networks with a local RSU to offload high bandwidth applications, e.g., 3D HD maps (OTA) ▪ Robust sidelink communication without GNSS coverage (OTA) Boundless XR over 5G mmWave ▪ Multi-user, immersive boundless VR experience enabled and improved through end-to-end optimizations over mmWave (OTA) 5G green networks ▪ Power Amplifier Optimization techniques such as digital post- distortion (DPoD), which can save 50% of the PA power (sim) ▪ Super-QAM using iterative impairment cancellation to increase peak data rates with 50-66% (sim) Qualcomm 5G technology is licensed by Qualcomm Incorporated. Qualcomm 5G products are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. YouTube Playlist
- 34. 34 Merging worlds New interface opportunities through New human interface The Physical world Digital world Virtual world Ubiquitous, low-power sensing and monitoring with near real-time actions Immersive interactions take human augmentation to the next level Metaverse Spatial computing Digitization
- 35. 35 5G Leading the 5G evolution towards 6G Longer term R&D focusing on 5G Advanced Rel-18/19/20+ and 6G 2020 2018 2022 2021 2023 2024 2026 2025 2030+ 2027 2019 2028 2029 Rel-15 5G Foundation Rel-16/17 5G Expansion Flexible slot-based framework Scalable numerology Massive MIMO Mobile mmWave Advanced power saving and mobility Unlicensed spectrum Mission-critical design (e.g., eURLLC) Sidelink (e.g., V2X) New verticals: mIoT, IIoT, broadcast High-precision positioning NR-Light Extended reality Spectrum up to 71 GHz New deployment models (e.g., IAB, NTN) AI/ML data-driven design Full duplex Higher mmWave Enhanced positioning WRC-23 WRC-27 WRC-31 Advanced channel coding Network slicing Disaggregated RAN Serviced-based architecture Next-gen foundational technologies: Waveforms Multiplexing Channel coding MIMO, … Terahertz bands Intelligent surfaces Green networks RF sensing New topologies Extreme disaggregation Cloud/core/RAN convergence Ultra-secure comm. New sharing paradigms Longer term research for 5G Advanced and 6G 6G Next technology leap for new capabilities and efficiencies Foundational research Vision forming Design objectives Proposals Aligning industry R&D resources to drive a new “G” every ~10 years
- 36. 36 36 Key research vectors enabling the path towards 6G New radio designs Evolution of duplexing schemes, large-scale MIMO, mmWave evolution, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, non-terrestrial communications, waveform/coding for MHz to THz, system energy efficiency Communications resiliency Multifaceted trust and configurable security, post quantum security, robust networks tolerant to failures and attacks Merging of worlds Physical, digital, virtual, immersive interactions taking human augmentation to next level via ubiquitous, low-power joint communication and sensing AI/ML powered E2E communications Data-driven communication and network design, with joint training, model sharing and distributed inference across networks and devices Scalable network architecture Disaggregation and virtualization at the Connected Intelligent Edge, use of advanced topologies to address growing demand Spectrum expansion & sharing Expanding to THz, wide-area expansion to higher bands, new spectrum sharing paradigm, dynamic coordination with environmental awareness Design goals & performance vectors Cost efficiency Capacity Coverage User experience Latency Reliability Security Energy efficiency Positioning capability Connection density Ease of onboarding Data rate Scalability Spectral efficiency Mobility Intelligence And others…
- 37. 37 Rel-15 eMBB focus Rel-18, 19. 20 and beyond Continued 5G proliferation Rel-16 and 17 expanding to new industries Continued evolution Strong 5G momentum sets stage for global expansion A unified connectivity fabric for this decade Next technology leap for new capabilities and efficiencies Historically 10 years between generations Innovating to pave the path to 6G
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