types of networks
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- 3. Networks A network is two or more computers connected together so they can communicate which each other. Computer 1 Computer 2
- 4. Network Advantages • Resources (Hardware and Software) can be shared. • Allows more effective communication between users e.g. via e-mail. • Networks are cheaper than “stand-alone PCs.” • Information held on the network can be accessed by all users with authorised access.
- 5. Networks Disadvantages • The set-up and maintenance costs can be expensive. • A fault with the network server can cause difficulties with the organisation. • Networks need security measures to restrict access to users. • WANs are vulnerable to hackers and viruses.
- 6. Network Topologies There are 3 main types of network topologies: The Ring Network The Bus Network The Star Network
- 7. Network Topologies The Ring Network: Computers are connected together to form a ring shape so that none of them is more important than any of the others.
- 8. Network Topologies The Ring Network: Advantages: •They are cheap to expand. •The data flows around the network in one direction so it is fast. •There is no reliance on a central computer. Disadvantages: •If there are a lot of users on the network, it could slow down as all the data is sent along a single line. •If one computer in the ring stops working, the whole network stops.
- 9. Network Topologies The Bus (or line) Network: Computers are connected like bus stops on a main road. None of them is more important than any of the others.
- 10. Network Topologies The Bus (Line) Network: Advantages: •It is cheap as it uses the least amount of cable. •More computers can be added without disruption. Disadvantages: •With a lot of users, the network will be slow as data has to travel through the same central cable. •Failure of the central cable will stop the network from working.
- 11. Network Topologies The Star Network: Computers are connected like a star to a central computer such as a mainframe. This is also called the “host” computer.
- 12. Network Topologies The Star Network: Advantages: •If a cable fails, it will only affect one workstation. •More computers can be added without disruption. Disadvantages: •It is more expensive as it uses the most cabling. •Failure of the central computer will stop the network from working.
- 13. Because networks are almost vital to an organisation’s daily activities, they must be kept safe and secure.. There are 3 main types of network security… Physical, Access and Data.
- 14. Physical security means that the hardware of the network is protected from theft and kept safe.
- 15. Access security means that there is a limit to the amount of access a user has to the information held on the network.
- 16. Data security means that there are measures taken to prevent the loss of data held on the system.
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- 21. BASED ON THEIR MAIN PURPOSE • • •
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- 25. • • WLAN
- 26. • LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN)
- 27. Networks: LANs •File Server:Runs software, stores files. •Terminals: Workstations that give network access. •PrintServer: Queues up all print jobs from users in network. •Cables (wire/optic) : Sends data. Hardware you need for a LAN network: Computer 1 Computer 2 PRINTER
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- 29. • PROTOCOL
- 30. • IT PERMITS VARIOUS TYPES OF TRANSMISSION MEDIA •
- 31. • ETHERNET HAS LARGELY REPLACED COMPETING WIRED LOCAL AREA NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES
- 32. • ETHERNET NETWORK USES THE CSMA/CD ACCESS METHOD TO HANDLE SIMULTANEOUS DEMANDS. • DATA RATES OF 1 GIGABIT (1,000 MEGABITS) PER SECOND ENGINEER ROBERT METCALFE
- 33. • WIDE AREA NETWORK
- 34. • INTERNET • IS MADE UP OF TWO OR MORE LANS MANS
- 35. • CONNECTED TELEPHONE SYSTEMS, FIBER-OPTIC CABLES, AND SATELLITE LINKS OR LEASED LINES • WI-FI
- 36. • INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS • WAP
- 37. • TECHNICAL STANDARD WIRELESS NETWORK WEB BROWSER MOBILE DEVICES MOBILE PHONES • PROTOCOL SUITE GSM IS-95 CDMA
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- 43. • •
- 44. • LARGER THAN THAT COVERED BY EVEN A LARGE ‘LOCAL AREA NETWORK’ BUT SMALLER THAN THE REGION COVERED BY A ‘WIDE AREA NETWORK’
- 45. • BRIDGES A NUMBER OF ‘LOCAL AREA NETWORKS’ WITH A FIBER-OPTICAL •
- 46. • SECURITY AND STANDARDIZATION SECURITY INFORMATION STANDARDIZATION •
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- 48. • ARBITRARY NUMBER OF WIRELESS LANS AND SATELLITE COVERAGE AREAS.
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- 53. • LANS
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- 59. • CAN
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- 64. •
- 65. • CYCLIC REDUNDANCY CODE (CRC) •
- 66. •
- 67. • NETWORK IP ADDRESS RFC 1918 INTERNET PROTOCOL IPV4 RFC 4193 IPV6 LOCAL AREA NETWORKS IPV4 ADDRESS EXHAUSTION
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- 70. 1. 2. NETWORK 3. RING NETWORK - COMPUTERS ARE CONNECTED TOGETHER TO FORM A RING SHAPE SO THAT NONE OF THEM IS MORE IMPORTANT THAN ANY OF THE OTHERS. 4. COMPUTERS ARE CONNECTED LIKE BUS STOPS ON A MAIN ROAD. NONE OF THEM IS MORE IMPORTANT THAN ANY OF THE OTHERS.
- 71. COMPUTERS ARE CONNECTED LIKE A STAR TO A CENTRAL COMPUTER SUCH AS A MAINFRAME. THIS IS ALSO CALLED THE “HOST” COMPUTER. 6. PHYSICAL SECURITY - MEANS THAT THE HARDWARE OF THE NETWORK IS PROTECTED FROM THEFT AND KEPT SAFE. 7. ACCESS SECURITY MEANS THAT THERE IS A LIMIT TO THE AMOUNT OF ACCESS A USER HAS TO THE INFORMATION HELD ON THE NETWORK. 8. DATA SECURITY MEANS THAT THERE ARE MEASURES TAKEN TO PREVENT THE LOSS OF DATA HELD ON THE SYSTEM.
- 72. • • • WLAN
- 73. • FILE SERVER : RUNS SOFTWARE, STORES FILES. • TERMINALS : WORKSTATIONS THAT GIVE NETWORK ACCESS. • PRINT SERVER : QUEUES UP ALL PRINT JOBS FROM USERS IN NETWORK. • CABLES (WIRE/OPTIC) : SENDS DATA.
- 74. • PROTOCOL • • WIDE AREA NETWORK
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- 77. • HTTP://STUDY.COM/ACADEMY/LESSON/TYPES-OF-NETWORKS-LAN-WAN-WLAN-MAN-SAN- PAN-EPN-VPN.HTML • HTTPS://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/LOCAL_AREA_NETWORK • HTTP://WWW.NI.COM/WHITE-PAPER/2732/EN/ •