1. Introduction to Biochemistrybms.pptx
- 1. INTRODUCTION TO GENERAL & METABOLIC BIOCHEMISTRY Musonda Machiko TMed(KIHERS),Dip. Biomed( EHC), BSc. Biomed(UNZA) MSc. Biomed(Buenos Aires), MSc. Biomed(Freiburg) [email protected]
- 3. Rationale • Cellular and tissue processes are biochemical by nature. This course is intended to equip students with the concepts of metabolic processes, related disorders, and their detection using biochemical analysis. As such the study of Biochemistry in Biomedical Sciences is of great conceptual and application importance.
- 4. OBJECTIVES: By the end of the module, students should be able to: • Explain the properties of water and its interaction with other molecules • Describe classification, chemical structures, properties, and functions of biomolecules • Explain enzyme properties, kinetics, mechanisms, inhibition, and regulation • Explain cellular energy bioenergetics and synthesis of energy
- 5. • Describe the metabolism of biomolecules and their regulation • Describe the steps in nucleotide, nucleic acid and protein synthesis • Describe nutritional requirements and associated pathophysiology
- 6. Biochemistry is the application of chemistry to the study of biological processes at the cellular and molecular level. It emerged as a distinct discipline around the beginning of the 20th century when scientists combined chemistry, physiology, and biology to investigate the chemistry of living systems. What is Biochemistry?
- 7. History and development of Biochemistry 1903, Neuberg (German): “Biochemistry” “Chemistry of Life”
- 8. What does Biochemistry discuss • structure and function of cellular components • Water, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules • Metabolism and Regulation • Gene expression and modulation DNA RNA Protein
- 9. Polymers and Monomers • Each of these types of molecules are polymers that are assembled from single units called monomers. • Each type of macromolecule is an assemblage of a different type of monomer.
- 10. Polymers and Monomers • Each of these types of molecules are polymers that are assembled from single units called monomers. • Each type of macromolecule is an assemblage of a different type of monomer.
- 11. Macromolecule Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids Monomer Monosaccharide Not always polymers; Hydrocarbon chains Amino acids Nucleotides
- 13. • Building block • Simple sugar • Amino acid • Nucleotide • Fatty acid • Macromolecule • Polysaccharide • Protein (peptide) • RNA or DNA • Lipid Anabolic Catabolic
- 14. WATER
- 25. Regulation of pH ⚫Direct relation of the production and retention of acids and bases ⚫Systems ⚫Respiratory Center and Lungs ⚫Kidneys ⚫Buffers ⚫ Found in all body fluids ⚫ Weak acids good buffers since they can tilt a reaction in the other direction ⚫ Strong acids are poor buffers because they make the system more acid
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