1. INTRODUCTION TO WELDING SMAW WELDING.pptx

AN
INTRODUCTI
ON IN
WELDING
Rogelio M. Bambalan Jr

At the end of the lesson, trainees are able to;
1.to introduce the basics of welding
2.to provide an overview of different welding processes
and their applications
3.to develop an understanding of safety precautions and
equipment used in welding.
OBJECTIVES

WHAT IS WELDING?
Welding is the process of
joining metal pieces by
heating them to suitable
temperature that cause
them to melt and fuse
together into a single
piece.

ELEMENTS OF WELDING
1. Metals
2. Heat source
3. Filler materials
The metals are heated to their melting
point while being shielded from the air,
and then a filler metal is added to the
heated area to produce a single piece of
metal. This can be performed with or
without filler metal and with or without
pressure.

Welding is a fabrication or sculptural process that
joins materials, usually metals or thermoplastics, by
using high heat to melt the parts together and
allowing them to cool, causing fusion. Welding is
distinct from lower temperature metal-joining
techniques such as brazing and soldering, which do
not melt the base metal.

)
TYPES OF WELDING
PROCESSES
1. TIG – Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW)
2. 2. Flux-Cored Arc Welding (FCAW)
3. 3. Stick – Shielded-Metal Arc Welding
(SMAW)
4. 4. MIG – Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW)

Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW)
also known as manual metal arc
welding (MMA or MMAW), or informally
as stick welding, is a manual
arc welding process that uses a
consumable electrode covered with a
flux to lay the weld.

1. INTRODUCTION TO WELDING SMAW WELDING.pptx

ADVANTAGES
• Versatile- readily applied to a
variety of applications and a wide
choice of electrodes.
• Relatively simplicity and portability
of equipment.
• Low cost
• Adaptable to confined spaces and
remote locations.
• Suitable for almost all welding
positions like flat, horizontal,
vertical and overhead.
• Convenient
DISADVATAGES
• Not as productive as continuous
wire process (MIG)
• Likely to be more costly to
deposit a given quantity of metal.
• Frequent stop/ starts to change
electrode.
• Relatively high metal wastage
(electrode stubs)
• Current limits are lower than for
continuous or automatic
processes.

Gas metal arc welding (GMAW), sometimes referred
to by its subtypes metal inert gas (MIG) welding or
metal active gas (MAG) welding, is a welding process
in which an electric arc forms between a
consumable MIG wire electrode and the workpiece
metal(s), which heats the workpiece metal(s),
causing them to melt and join. Along with the wire
electrode, a shielding gas feeds through the welding
gun, which shields the process from contaminants
in the air.

The process can be semi-automatic
or automatic. A constant voltage,
direct current power source is most
commonly used with GMAW, but
constant current systems, as well as
alternating current, can be used.

Flux-cored arc welding or FCAW is a semi-automatic or
automatic arc welding process. FCAW requires a
continuously-fed consumable tubular electrode containing
a flux and a constant-voltage or, less commonly, a constant-
current welding power supply. An externally supplied
shielding gas is sometimes used, but often the flux itself is
relied upon to generate the necessary protection from the
atmosphere, producing both gaseous protection and liquid
slag protecting the weld. The process is widely used in
construction because of its high welding speed and
portability.

GAS TUNGSTEN
ARC WELDING
(GTAW)

•Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), also known
as tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding, is an arc
welding process that uses a non-consumable
tungsten electrode to produce the weld. The
weld area and electrode is protected from
oxidation or other atmosphaeric
contamination by an inert shielding gas (argon
or helium), and a filler metal is normally used.

GTAW is most commonly used to weld thin sections
of stainless steel and non-ferrous metals such as
aluminum, magnesium, and copper alloys. The
process grants the operator greater control over the
weld than competing processes such as shielded
metal arc welding and gas metal arc welding,
allowing for stronger, higher quality welds. However,
GTAW is comparatively more complex and difficult to
master, and furthermore, it is significantly slower
than most other welding techniques.

OXYACETYLENE
GAS WELDING
(OAW)

In oxy-fuel cutting, a torch is used to
heat metal to its kindling temperature.
A stream of oxygen is then trained on
the metal, burning it into a metal
oxide that flows out of the kerf as slag.

Oxy-acetylene welding is a very common
welding process. The use of oxygen and
acetylene as welding gases dates back to
the 1890's. The combination of oxygen
and acetylene produces a flame
temperature over 6000 degrees
Fahrenheit making it ideal for welding
and cutting.

OXYACETYLENE
OUTFIT:
• Cylinder Tank
• Regulator or Gauge
• Acetylene Hose
Acetylene Torch
• Acetylene Belt
• Welding and
Cutting Tip
• Igniter/ Lighter

Name the different types
of welding process and
identify them

Welding can be a dangerous activity if proper safety precautions
are not taken. The intense heat and bright light generated
during welding can cause burns, eye damage, and respiratory
problems. It is important for welders to wear protective clothing
such as welding helmets, gloves, and aprons to avoid injury.
In addition to protective clothing, welders should also follow
safety guidelines such as ensuring proper ventilation in the
welding area, using fire-resistant materials, and keeping
flammable materials away from the welding area. Welders
should also be properly trained in welding techniques and safety
procedures before attempting to weld on their own.

1. INTRODUCTION TO WELDING SMAW WELDING.pptx

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