10801621061_Yuvraj.pdf

10801621061_Yuvraj.pdf

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  DIFFERENT TARIFF SYSTEMS ASANSOLENGINEERING COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING By- Yuvraj Singh 10801621061 EE ,7th Sem, Sec- B
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  Tariff is definedas the rate of consumption of electrical power. The main objectives of tariff are to distribute the cost among different of the consumer. The Tariff must recover the cost of capital investment. The cost of operation, maintenance cost and a satisfactory return on the total capital investment. Different rates are maintained for a different level of consumers. What is ‘Tariff’
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  The electric rateis the price you pay per unit of electricity to your energy utility or electricity structure retailer. tariff (or is combination of additional charges, The rate) the rates, and other rules that determine how your electricity bill is calculated. What is a tariff/rate structur
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  Types of T ‘h Te av ra r ii fo fu s ’type oftariff structures is as follows:  Simple Tariff  Flat demand tariff  Block Rate tariff  Flat rate tariff  Two part tariff  Maximum Demand tariff  Power factor tariff  Three part tariff  Peak tariff
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  This is thesimplest type of tariff structure. In this structure, the cost of electrical energy is charged only on the basis of units consumed. This is also known as uniform rate tariff. This type of tariff to disconnect the encourages the consumer equipment after being used. In Simple Tariff C=BY Where C = total cost B = kWh of energy consumed Y = rate of kWh Simple Tariff
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  Flat demand tariff Inthis type of tariff structure, different consumers are charged at the same rate but the total demand and the energy consumption were fixed. Electricity bill depends only on maximum demand and independent of energy consumed. In the early phase of electricity generation, energy consumption is confined in few applications such as in light and hour of electricity used is also fixed. They used to be charged on the basis of a number of a lamp installed and the hour of usage. Block Rate tariff In this type of tariff, consumers are charged blockwise. One block is charged at higher rated and other blocks are charged at relatively reduced rate. This type of tariff structure increases the Load factor so the generation cost is reduced.
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  In this typeof tariff, different consumers are charged at a different rate. Usually, higher rates are charged for power load than normal load. This type of rate is defined on the basis of load factor and diversity factor. This type of method is usually employed in public. In this type of tariff, the different meter is used for a different load. It is based on diversity factor which is difficult to derive. Two part tariff In this type of tariff structure, the charged rate is split into two components which are fixed charge and running charge. Fixed charge is proportional to the maximum demand whereas running charge is proportional to the unit consumed. This tariff structure is also called as Hopkinson Demand rate. In this tariff type, consumers have to pay the bill on maximum demand irrespective of their consumption. Flat rate tariff
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  Maximum Demand tariff Twopart tariff charges fixed rate on the maximum demand which is not actually measured so consumers have to pay the unnecessary price. These disadvantages are removed using a maximum demand tariff structure in which the maximum demand is actually measured. This type of tariff structure is usually applied to bulk supply and industrial consumer Peak tariff The load can be divided into three parts which are normal load, peak load, and off-peak load. Peak load is that load at which the amount of consumption is high which causes stress on generation station. So tariff rates are different for different load type. Tariff rates are higher for peak load and lower for the off-peak load.
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  Power factor tariff Theefficiency of the system depends on the power factor of the system. Low power factor means high loss which leads to the poor efficiency. So consumers are charged for poor power factor in order to increase the utility of plant and equipment to be maximum. KVA maximum demand, kWh and kVARh tariff and average power factor tariff are the methods of power factor tariff. KVA maximum tariff is same as two-part tariff but instead of KW, KVA is measured. Power factor increases with a decrease in KVARh so it is charged separately. In average power factor tariff, one reference power factor is taken as reference and rate is charged. More rate is charged for low power factor then reference and discount is given for high power factor than the reference value.