1.a brief introduction to reserach methodlogy

1.a brief introduction to reserach methodlogy

• 1.
  A BRIEF INTRODUCTION SKSAIKIA
• 2.
  Definition of Research Research comprises defining and redefining problems, formulating hypothesis or suggested solutions; collecting, organizing and evaluating data; making deductions and reaching conclusions; and at last carefully testing the conclusions to determine whether they fit the formulating hypothesis”
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  Other definitions  -Thesystematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions.- The Oxford dictionary  -a detailed study of subject, especially in order to discover (new) information or reach a (new) understanding.- Cambridge dictionary
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  Characters of Research A systematic approach must be followed with a standard operating procedure ensuring accurate data.  Researchers need to practice ethics and a code of conduct while making observations or drawing conclusions.  Research is totally based on logical reasoning and involves both inductive as well as deductive methods.  Research always creates a way for generating new questions.  Research is basically analytical in nature.  Whatever may be the methods for research, accuracy remains as one of the most important aspects of research.
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  Purpose Descriptive Expnanatory Exploratory
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  Objectives  To gainfamiliarity with a phenomenon or problem and to achieve new insights into it.  To assimilate accurately the characteristics of a particular problem, situation or behaviour of a population.  To determine the frequency with which something occurs or with which it is correlated with something else.  To test a hypothesis (of a formulated question) of causal relationship between variables.
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  Motivation  Desire toget a research degree along with its consequential benefits;  Desire to face the challenges in solving the unsolved problems in nature, i.e., concern over basic needs with practical problems may initiate research;  Desire to get intellectual joy of doing some innovative and novel work;  Desire to serve the society with highest degree of contribution;  Desire to get respectability through establishing identity, intellectuality and personal perseverance.
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  RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
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  RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
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  Basic versus Applied The primary objective of basic research is to generate new knowledge for human civilization. Example: “Why do humans sleep?”  In general, the focus of applied research is to solve real or social life problems Example: High yielding variety of rice
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  Descriptive versus Exploratory A research method that describes the characteristics features of the subject (e.g. population or any phenomenon) taken for research.  What, why etc.  No inferences.  Exploratory research is defined as a research that investigates a problem which is not clearly defined.  If some information of existing problem are already exist, the researcher tries to get new insight into it using exploratory research.  Example: Infection caused by a bacteria is more prevalent in male than female.
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  Cor-relational versus explanatory Cor-relational research is a type of research method that observes two variables in order to establish a statistically Cor-relational between them.  Explanatory Research or causal research is conducted for a problem that was not researched before or if researched, not well researched.  Cause and efect.
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  Qualitative versus Quantitative Qualitative research mainly deals social science research where the nature of data are mainly non-numerical.  This type of research is based on numerical values or numbers.
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  Conceptual versus Empirical Conceptual research is the type of research related to some abstract ideas or theory on natural events.  Empirical research is based on observed and measured phenomena and derives knowledge from actual experience rather than from theory or belief.