1st yod and 1st h infinitive
- 1. Verbs 1st י and 1st ה infinitive In this lesson, we will introduce the second gizra with the infinitive form.
- 2. Verbs 1st י and 1st ה 1 גזרת st י and 1 גזרת st ה behave the exact same way so we will combine them into one גזרה just as we did in the present tense. These verbs are verbs that have either a י or a ה as the first root letter. Using the X notation: XX ה and XX י Let’s first review the present tense form so we can use it to form the infinitive.
- 3. Verbs 1st י and 1st ה Present tense of 1 גזרת st י and 1 גזרת st ה בניין פעל גזרת השלמים אני (I) יורד אתה (you m.s.) יורד את (you f.s.) יורדת הוא (he) יורד היא (she) יורדת אנחנו (we) יורדים אתם (you m.p.) יורדים אתן (you f.p.) יורדות הם (they m.) יורדים הן (they f.) יורדות Notice the endings are the same as the noun endings we have learned. -- , -ות , -ים , -ת I descend and we descend can use the feminine ending if the pronoun represents a female person(s).
- 4. Verbs 1st י and 1st ה Remember that in the present tense, these verbs are conjugated exactly the same as hashlamim verbs. The infinitive form, however, is quite different from the infinitive form of hashlamim verbs. Recall that the infinitive form is prefixed by the letter .ל
- 5. Verbs 1st י and 1st ה Since 1st י and 1st ה verbs begin with weak letters, these letters drop out of the infinitive form. This can be confusing at first because this dropping of the root letter makes the verb look like it is just a hashlamim verb with the first letter of .ל To compensate for this change and help prevent confusion, Hebrew adds a ת to the end of the verb. ירד becomes לרדת
- 6. Verbs 1st י and 1st ה When a root letter drops out in a tense, it will cause a vowel change. Recall that the regular vowel for the infinitive form in hashamim is XoXiXl (lilmod). Review lesson 20 for the exceptions of guttural letters. The vowel change in 1st י and first ה verbs is seen in both vowels. The regular vowels are XeXeXal. For example, the verb on the previous slide is pronounced: לרדת laredet (to descend).
- 7. Verbs 1st י and 1st ה This construction is a little bit more difficult to recognize so make sure you memorize the root with the verb. As always the root will be shown in the attributes for the gender to help you to recognize it. Make sure you learn the normal vowels for this form. Also, notice that the ו found in the present tense יורד is completely absent in the infinitive .לרדת This is another indicator of the gizra of this lesson. Hashlamim will have this (ללמוד) .ו