201012 presentation

201012 presentation

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  ISA Houston 1 HMI Design: The Good, the bad, and the ugly Standards Certification Education & Training Publishing Conferences & Exhibits (and what makes them so) Paul Gruhn, P.E. ICS Triplex | Rockwell Automation Paul Gruhn, P.E. – Training Manager, ICS Triplex | Rockwell – Safety Systems Specialist for 22 years – IISSAA FFellllow – Member of ISA SP84 committee (20 years) – Instructor for ISA’s courses on Safety Instrumented Systems (8 days of material) – Co-author of ISA book on Safety Instrumented Systems – Developer of commercial modeling software – Registered Professional Engineer in Texas – ISA 84 Expert
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  ISA Houston 2 Why the concern about HMIs? People who don’t know better produce… Contrast: Things that are different should look very different. Repetition: Repeat visual elements Alignment: Every element should have some visual connection with another. P i it 4 Proximity: Things that belong together should be placed together. Those that are different, should not. Source: The Non- Designers Design Book
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  ISA Houston 3 Not following convention… “Print” belongs under the “File” menu Cancel! 5 File menu. Situation Awareness Three stages: 1. Being aware of the situation around you – Perception of needed data and the current situation 2. Understanding what the information means to you now – Comprehension of information and the current situation 3. Understanding what the information means to you in the future – Projection of future status Source: Designing For Situation Awareness 6
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  ISA Houston 4 Demons of Situation Awareness • Attention tunneling – Fixating on one set of information to the eexxcclluussiioonn ooff ootthheerrss • Memory trap – Relying on limited short-term memory • Workload, anxiety, fatigue and other stressors – Reduction of a person’s capacity to process information • Data overload – Overwhelming amounts of data Source: Designing For Situation Awareness 7 Demons of Situation Awareness • Misplaced salience – Salience: the compellingness of certain information – Being drawn to the wrong information • Complexity creep – Too many features make it difficult to develop an accurate mental model • Errant mental models – UUssee ooff tthhee wwrroonngg mmooddeell lleeaaddss ttoo misinterpretation of information • Out-of-the-loop syndrome – Automation can undermine SA Source: Designing For Situation Awareness 8
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  ISA Houston 5 Where DCS graphics started… Source: The High Performance HMI Handbook 9 What we then migrated to… Source: The High Performance HMI Handbook 10
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  ISA Houston 6 Fewer colors, but is this really any different? Is this process healthy? What should the values be? 11 So why have we developed things like this? • User had no internal standard or guideline • Vendor had no drawings other than P&IDs • Vendor understood what the control system was doing • Easiest solution was to display the PI&D with all the control system data • No one ever asked the operators what their goals were (not tasks!) • Few understand SA and its demons 12
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  ISA Houston 7 Poor HMI designs have: • P&ID representation • No trends • FFllashhiing//spiinniing graphhiics • Bright colors, 3-D shadows • Color coding of piping and vessel contents • Measurement units in large, bright text • Lots of crossing lines • Alarm related colors for non-alarm related elements • Inconsistent colors Source: The High Performance HMI Handbook 13 The medical equivalent: Is this person OK? 98.0 – 99.5 16 – 24 98.6 20 °F /min Temp B.R. 60 – 84 >130 / >85 <200 72 120/80 bpm mmHg Pulse B.P. Col 197 mg/dL >40 <130 <150 HDL 52 LDL 126 Tri 100 mg/dL mg/dL Mg/dL 14
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  ISA Houston 8 Is this person OK? How far ahead of its time was this!! Source: The High Performance HMI Handbook 15 The Role of the Operator • The human in the loop should be predictive, not reactive • The goal is to predict and prevent problems, not respond to them after they’ve happened 16 Source: The High Performance HMI Handbook
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  ISA Houston 9 Is this compressor running optimally? What should the values be? Source: The High Performance HMI Handbook 17 The compressor graphic is superfluous! Source: The High Performance HMI Handbook 18
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  ISA Houston 10 A good example: status, trends, an alarm… Source: The High Performance HMI Handbook 19 So what’s wrong here? 20
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  ISA Houston 11 Is this compressor healthy? 21 What should these values be? 22
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  ISA Houston 12 Good HMI designs have: • Depiction of process status and values as information, not numbers • LLaayyoouutt ccoonnssiisstteenntt wwiitthh ooppeerraattoorrss model of the process (not a P&ID) • Key Performance Indicators as trends • No gratuitous information • Gray backgrounds, low contrast • Very limited use of color ((ffoorr aallaarrmmiinngg)) • Consistent visual and color coding • Gray process lines • Measurement units in low contrast lettering, if used at all Source: The High Performance HMI Handbook 23 Change is difficult • Are you riding the same mule, but just sitting in a different saddle? • ““HHuummaann bbeeiinnggss, wwhhoo aarree aallmmoosstt unique in having the ability to learn from the experience of others, are also remarkable for their apparent disinclination to do so.” Douglas Adams • Involvement and buy-in will be nneeeeddeedd ffrroomm mmaannaaggeemmeenntt, technical staff, and operators Source: The High Performance HMI Handbook 24
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  ISA Houston 13 For “the rest of the story”… By Bill Hollifield , Dana Oliver, IIaann NNiimmmmoo, && Eddie Habibi For more info, visit: www.pas.com and www.mycontrolroom.com As well as the ASM consortium: www.asmconsortium.net 25 For “the rest of the story”… By Mica Endsley, Betty Bolté, & DDeebbrraa JJoonneess 26