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3. Atmospheric circulation
The global atmospheric circulation system transports heat around the Earth's atmosphere and affects climate and weather patterns. It involves warm air rising at the equator and cold air sinking at the poles, creating circulation cells. Without this system, temperatures would become more extreme between the tropics and poles.
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Explains the importance of heat redistribution in the atmosphere affecting weather patterns.
Outlines expected learning outcomes for understanding the effects of global atmospheric circulation.
Describes how temperature varies with latitude, with higher temperatures at the equator and lower at poles.
Discusses how high insolation leads to low pressure zones, while low insolation causes high pressure areas.
Introduces the 3 Cell Model, explaining energy redistribution from surplus to deficit globally.
Lists materials needed for constructing a model to demonstrate global heat transport.
Step-by-step instructions for building the GCS model, including cutting, folding, and coloring.
Instructions to label and highlight features of the model like warm/cold air movement and key latitudes.
Explains processes involved in the global atmospheric circulation model, highlighting key temperature effects.
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3. Atmospheric circulation
- 1. The global transportation systemof heat in the atmosphere is one of the Earth’s most critical systems. Without this system the tropics would continue to get hotter and the poles would continue to get colder. It’s also responsible for climate and weather patterns. LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate. All key words MUST be highlighted or underlined. 08 November 2018
- 2. You canYou can describe how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate. You use a limited range of specialist terms You have a reasonable accuracy in the use of spelling, punctuation and grammar. You can outline how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate. You use a good range of specialist terms You have a considerable accuracy in spelling, punctuation and grammar. You can explain how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate. You use a wide range of specialist terms where appropriate. Accurate use of spelling, punctuation and grammar. L3 - Detailed Answer L2 - Clear Answer L1 - Basic Answer Learning Outcomes – Success Criteria LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 3. The sun heatsup air in the earth’s atmosphere. The temperature of the earth’s atmosphere depends on latitude (how far away you are from the equator). As the suns energy is more concentrated at the equator, the air here is warm and the air at the North & South Pole is cold. LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 4. The most important influenceon worldwide variations in climate is latitude. Because the curved surface of the Earth, the equator receives much higher insolation than the polar latitudes. LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 5. In areas ofhigh insolation the air is heated and it becomes less dense and rises to higher altitude. This creates a global climate zone of low pressure. In areas with low insolation, there is cold dense air that sinks and creates an area of high pressure. LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 6. LO: To understandhow global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 7. LO: To understandhow global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 8. The 3 Cell Model Showsthe redistribution of energy from areas of surplus to areas of deficit. This helps keep the global energy balance LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 9. Items you willneed: • Scissors • Red, light blue, dark blue & green colouring pencils. • Glue stick • Highlighters • Pen Over the major parts of the Earth's surface there are large-scale wind circulations present. The global circulation can be described as the world-wide system of winds by which the transport of heat from tropical to polar latitudes is accomplished. LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 10. Step One Carefully cutaround the different model parts. LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 11. Step Two Lightly foldthe model in half to cut the semi- circular dotted line. LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 12. Step Three Fold thesemi-circular arch up over the ‘Earth’ and glue the model’s based into your exercise book. LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 13. Step Three Next, gluetogether the ‘fingers’ of the smaller section onto the main section of your GCS model. LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 14. Step Four Once youhave glued the two sections together, trim the parts that are sticking out from the arch. LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 15. Step Five Using agreen (land) and blue (ocean) crayon, colour the Earth. Be quick! Don’t take too long! LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 16. You will nowneed to include a key next to your diagram! Step Six Now shade the arrows shown red. These are representing the movement of warm air (low pressure). LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 17. Step Seven Next, shadedark blue the arrows shown that represent the movement of cold dry air (high pressure) on your model. Don’t forget to add this to your key! LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 18. Step Eight Now labelthe following lines of latitude. Arctic Circle Tropic of Cancer Equator Tropic of Capricorn Antarctic Circle LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 19. Step Nine Now youwill need label the different cells of your model. You could use a highlighter to make these labels stand out. Polar Cell Ferrel Cell Hadley Cell Ferrel Cell Polar Cell LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 20. Step Eleven Draw aline with a Yellow pen or highlighter to represent the sun’s rays. As shown, have one ray leading to the Equator and another to the Antarctic Circle. Once completed, label the two rays. Equatorial Insolation Polar Insolation LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 21. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Step Thirteen Nowadd the following numbers around the outside of your model. These will represent the different parts of your GCS model. LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.
- 22. 1. Air coolsand sinks, creating a belt of high pressure and a cold, dry climate. 2. At about 60°N and S, cold polar air mixes with warmer air and rises, creating a belt of low pressure. 3. Cool air sinks, creating a belt of high pressure. As the sinks it becomes warmer and drier. 4. Warm air rises, creating a belt of low pressure. As the air rises, it cools. Clouds form and then release precipitation. Above, the air will eventually separate and move to higher latitudes. 5. Sun’s heat is concentrated. 6. Sun’s heat is spread out. Step Fourteen Write the following information below your model to represent each stage of the GAC. You could use a highlighter for key points/terms. LO: To understand how global atmospheric circulation effects global weather and climate.