1. Submitted to Dr. Abul L Huq Course : CEG 433 , summer 2010
Optical Computing
A Presentation on CSE 532/ CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture
M . Rubaiyat Bin Sattar
[email protected]
14/9/2010
2. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Introduction
• General meaning of the optical computing is the light computing.
→ Laser beam instead of electric current.
all internal circuits uses light instead of electricity.
Optical computing was the hot research topic in 1980’s but for the
limitation of materials it was not implemented. Engineers are still
trying to implement a complete optical computer .Today's Optical
computer known as Electro-optical-hybrid computer in which data is
received by electron and transferred by Optics .
3. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Background of optical computer
Albert Einstein says : speed of light is 3*10^8 per second which is
about 186,000 miles per second. So if we can make a computer with
light it will be faster than anyone can ever think of.
→ Prism and lens (1st
idea )
Limitation :distortion of light
→ GaAs VLSI technology
and same time silicon photonic (Significant change )
Now An Optical Computer also called a photonic computer.
4. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Basic Concept in Optics
--> Wave Optics
--> Polarization & Anisotropic Crystals
--> Lens as Phase Transformation
--> Coherency
--> Fourier Optics
•Wave optics attempts to explain light as wave
phenomena means wave format.
Speed-of-light, 3108
km / sec. v = = c
5. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Basic Concept in Optics
--> Wave Optics
--> Polarization & Anisotropic Crystals
--> Lens as Phase Transformation
--> Coherency
--> Fourier Optics
• Manipulation of information carried by
electromagnetic waves
•The basic operation is the double Fourier
transformations.
In the below picture green laser for
writing the hologram of the input array
and a red laser for reading-processing.
6. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Basic Concept in Optics
--> Wave Optics
--> Polarization & Anisotropic Crystals
--> Lens as Phase Transformation
--> Coherency
--> Fourier Optics
• Study of classical optics using Fourier
Transforms.
[a] 1D-2D Fourier transform
[b] Correlation, Convolution
[c] Storing complex function in film
[d] Phase hologram
7. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Basic Concept in Optics
--> Wave Optics
--> Polarization & Anisotropic Crystals
--> Lens as Phase Transformation
--> Coherency
--> Fourier Optics
• A thin lens acts as a phase transformation if
(i) a ray entering at coordinates (x, y)
(ii) same coordinates on the opposite face.
8. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Basic Concept in Optics
--> Wave Optics
--> Polarization & Anisotropic Crystals
--> Lens as Phase Transformation
--> Coherency
--> Fourier Optics
•The term anisotropy refers to a non-uniform
spatial distribution, which result different value
from several direction within same material
•It can pass through at a single velocity.
9. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Devices for Opto-Electronic Interface
--> VCSEL
--> SLMs
--> Integrated Optics
i) WDM
ii) Spectrum
Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser :
• semiconductor vertical cavity surface emitting laser diode that
emits light in a cylindrical beam vertically from the surface of a
fabricated wafer.
VCSEL device structure and diagram
10. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Devices for Opto-Electronic Interface
--> VCSEL
--> SLMs
--> Integrated Optics
i) WDM
ii) Spectrum
Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser :
• semiconductor vertical cavity surface emitting laser diode that
emits light in a cylindrical beam vertically from the surface of a
fabricated wafer.
Wafer Surface
11. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Devices for Opto-Electronic Interface
--> VCSEL
--> SLMs
--> Integrated Optics
i) WDM
ii) Spectrum
VCSEL
• VCSEL convert electric singal to
optical when pass through pair of
lenses .
• Micro-mirrors are used to direct the
light beam
•Photodiode convert the optical signal
back to the electrical signal
How VSCEL and Photodiode used for interconnection in circuit board:
12. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Devices for Opto-Electronic Interface
--> VCSEL
--> SLMs
--> Integrated Optics
i) WDM
ii) Spectrum
•A spatial light modulator (SLM) is an object that imposes some
form of spatially-varying modulation on a beam of light.
→Basically it is used for display purpose.
13. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Devices for Opto-Electronic Interface
--> VCSEL
--> SLMs
--> Integrated Optics
i) WDM
ii) Spectrum
WDM (WAVELENGTH DIVISION ULTIPLEXING) :
• is a method of sending many different wavelengths . It can
transmit at 10 gigabits per second through the same fiber at the
same time.
Separating a beam of light into its colors
14. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Devices for Opto-Electronic Interface
--> VCSEL
--> SLMs
--> Integrated Optics
i) WDM
ii) Spectrum
Applications to Spectrum Analysis and Filtering
• Spectrum can be calculated from the result of a wavelet
transform. This high pass filter is calculated as the quadrature mirror
of the low pass filter for analysis with orthogonal wavelets.
A wavelet is a wave-like oscillation with an amplitude.
Quadrature mirror filter split a input signal into two band
→The role of smart pixel technology and nonlinear
material in optical computing has become extremely
significant
15. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Optical Computer Architecture
DeMorgan’s Law
Shannon’s Law
Parallelism
2D InterConnect
Logic Gates
DeMorgan’s Law Three most basic
hardware
components .
They are > Source,
a modulator, and
a detector.
16. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Optical Computer Architecture
DeMorgan’s Law
Shannon’s Law
Parallelism
2D InterConnect
Logic Gates
DeMorgan’s Law
Two set of input
gate /Two words
Acoustic optic cell means sound or the sense
of hearing (Like in a musical instrument)
E
L
E
C
T
R
O
D
function as
OR gate
DeMorgans
law the output
of the inverter
<AND>
17. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Optical Computer Architecture
DeMorgan’s Law
Shannon’s Law
Parallelism
2D InterConnect
Logic Gates
Shannon’s Law
The control logic
architecture
18. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Optical Computer Architecture
DeMorgan’s Law
Shannon’s Law
Parallelism
2D InterConnect
Logic Gates
Shannon’s Law
CONTROL LOGIC
Transducers
AND OP
OR OP
19. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Optical Computer Architecture
DeMorgan’s Law
Shannon’s Law
Parallelism
2D InterConnect
Logic Gates
Shannon’s Law
AND function represent by following way :
f1=x1x2x3….xnf(1,1,1,…1)
f2= 1x2x3…xnf(0,1,1……1)
x̄
f3=x1 2x3…xnf(1,0,1…..1)
x̄
f4= 1 2x3….xnf(0,0,1…..1)
x̄ x̄
.............................................
Fk= 1 2 3……. f(0,0,…..0)
x̄ x̄ x̄ x̄n̄
OR’ed and Boolean summed is –
Y(x1,x2,x3….xn)=f1+f2+f3…fk
[ where K=2^N functional ]
AND
OR
20. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Optical Computer Architecture
DeMorgan’s Law
Shannon’s Law
Parallelism
2D InterConnect
Logic Gates
Parallelism
21. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Optical Computer Architecture
DeMorgan’s Law
Shannon’s Law
Parallelism
2D InterConnect
Logic Gates
Parallelism
DL = 1
All control matrices recorded in the hologram
DANE (detection ,amplification ,
negation and emission
Cylindrical lens placed between DANE
and output detector array represent
most primitive parallel method
22. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Optical Computer Architecture
DeMorgan’s Law
Shannon’s Law
Parallelism
2D InterConnect
Logic Gates
2D InterConnect
23. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Optical Computer Architecture
DeMorgan’s Law
Shannon’s Law
Parallelism
2D InterConnect
Logic Gates
2D InterConnect
Two dimensional input data array
two dimensional control operate array
Second operate Array
2 Detector
Plane
24. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Optical Computer Architecture
DeMorgan’s Law
Shannon’s Law
Parallelism
2D InterConnect
Logic Gates
Logic Gates
Ultra-fast All-Optical LOGIC GATES for optical computing
Green pulsed Nd:YAG input
laser was used together
with a red continuous wave
(cw) He-Ne beam.
He-Ne laser is the most
widely used laser with
continuous power
25. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Basic Structure of an Optical Computer
•1A,1B,3A,3B,5A,5B,7A,7B ,
9A,9B are quadrangular
prism provided to redirect
pass respective orthogonal
light beams in single
direction.
•Thin Film element 2,4,6,8
respectively provided
between blocks 1 and 3,
between 3 &5, between 5 &
7 and between 7& 9
•Uniform Transfer light
beams are 11, 12 13 and 14
from respective light source
I, II,III and IV
•21,22,23,24,25,26,27 & 28
denote excitation light
beams. These light beam
Irradiate onto the
respective prism through
prism surface.
26. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Holographic Memory
→Holographic data storage is a
potential replacement
technology in the area of high-
capacity data storage.
→ In a holographic memory
device, a laser beam is split in
two, and the two resulting
beams interact in a crystal
medium to store a holographic
recreation of a page of data.
→ 1 terabyte (TB) of data in a
sugar-cube-sized crystal.
27. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Optical Development Boom Worldwide
• Photonics development
is booming worldwide
•significant milestone
and information between
brain on chip with the
process of light instead of
electrical signal.
•Using light instead of
wires to send information
between the cores can be
as much as 100 times
faster
• This technology has the
power to invent today’s
super computer
28. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Optical Computing : Next Generation
•Entirely optical computers will be invented in
future .
•We will see light without logic .Optical devices
will take place inside computers. NASA Scientist
are working for that .
•Optical computer networking will introduced in
future .
29. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Optical Computing : Next Generation
Scientist discovered an inch-long Amazonian beetle could hold the key to next-
generation optical computer chips. They found significant path for making today’s light
computer after researching on naturally possessed of a molecular arrangement.
30. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Conclusion
Optics has been used in computing for a number of years but for the
limitation of materials we have been seeing Electro-optical-
hybrid .Optical technology applied in today’s CD-Rom driver and their
relatives, laser printer, scanner and in mouse. It is not so far when we
will see total optical computer .
The smart pixel technology , rapid progress in silicon
photonic , GaAs VLSI technique and faster design in algorithm will
bring the new generation Super optical Computer .
31. A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Thank You
![A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Basic Concept in Optics
--> Wave Optics
--> Polarization & Anisotropic Crystals
--> Lens as Phase Transformation
--> Coherency
--> Fourier Optics
• Study of classical optics using Fourier
Transforms.
[a] 1D-2D Fourier transform
[b] Correlation, Convolution
[c] Storing complex function in film
[d] Phase hologram](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/35889354-optical-computing-250507093023-81e4c486/85/35889354-Optical-ComputingNGCNHGVGHHVHHVH-6-320.jpg)
![A Presentation on CEG 433 Advanced Computer Architecture Optical Computing
Introduction Background Concept Devices Architecture
Memory
Structure Development Next Generation Conclusion
Optical Computer Architecture
DeMorgan’s Law
Shannon’s Law
Parallelism
2D InterConnect
Logic Gates
Shannon’s Law
AND function represent by following way :
f1=x1x2x3….xnf(1,1,1,…1)
f2= 1x2x3…xnf(0,1,1……1)
x̄
f3=x1 2x3…xnf(1,0,1…..1)
x̄
f4= 1 2x3….xnf(0,0,1…..1)
x̄ x̄
.............................................
Fk= 1 2 3……. f(0,0,…..0)
x̄ x̄ x̄ x̄n̄
OR’ed and Boolean summed is –
Y(x1,x2,x3….xn)=f1+f2+f3…fk
[ where K=2^N functional ]
AND
OR](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/35889354-optical-computing-250507093023-81e4c486/85/35889354-Optical-ComputingNGCNHGVGHHVHHVH-19-320.jpg)
