4Developers 2015: Scaling LAMP doesn't have to suck - Sebastian Grodzicki
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The document outlines strategies for effectively scaling the LAMP stack, emphasizing the use of optimized components like Nginx, Percona Server, and PHP-FPM. It suggests configurations for Linux tuning and highlights the performance benefits of using Redis for caching. Overall, it provides practical recommendations for load balancing and managing high request rates in web applications.
![Linux: i/o scheduler
• $ cat /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler
noop deadline [cfq]
• $ echo deadline > /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler
• $ cat /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler
noop [deadline] cfq](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/sebastiangrodzickiscalinglamp-150507155301-lva1-app6891/85/4Developers-2015-Scaling-LAMP-doesn-t-have-to-suck-Sebastian-Grodzicki-12-320.jpg)
4Developers 2015: Scaling LAMP doesn't have to suck - Sebastian Grodzicki
- 1. Scaling LAMP doesn't have to suck
- 2. Sebastian Grodzicki CTO @ GoldenLine ~100 req/s ~4.7M UU
- 3. #DevOps
- 4. LAMP • Linux • Apache • MySQL • PHP
- 5. Scaling LAMP • shared hosting • VPS • dedicated server
- 6. Scaling LAMP • split LAMP into LM + LAP • use virtual machines or Docker • forget 127.0.0.1 (AKA localhost) • forget about local storage
- 7. A better LAMP • Linux (tuned) • Apache Nginx • MySQL Percona Server • PHP PHP-FPM • Redis • Resque
- 8. Linux (tuned) • Linux is mostly sane • use latest kernel • distribution doesn’t matter • (I like Debian)
- 9. Tune Linux • open_files • network/sysctl • i/o scheduler
- 10. Linux: open_files • default: 1024 (ulimit -n) • soft nofile 999999 • hard nofile 999999
- 11. Linux: sysctl • net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535 • net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1 • net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1 • net.core.somaxconn = 999999 (default: 128)
- 12. Linux: i/o scheduler • $ cat /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler noop deadline [cfq] • $ echo deadline > /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler • $ cat /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler noop [deadline] cfq
- 13. Nginx • open-source HTTP server • swap out Apache • easy + sane config
- 14. Nginx 21k req/s @ 10% CPU & 160 MB RAM
- 15. Nginx • load balancer • reverse proxy • content caching • streaming media • web server
- 16. Percona Server • open source MySQL fork • patches from Twitter and Google • drop-in MySQL replacement • faster at scale, more reliable
- 17. MySQL vs Percona new transactions per minute
- 18. Percona Server • only use InnoDB (XtraDB) • disable query cache • enable thread pool
- 19. PHP-FPM • standard with PHP 5.3+ • daemonization & process management • used by Rasmus Lerdord (author of PHP)
- 20. PHP-FPM • pm = static • pm.max_children = {{ CPU cores * 4 }} • pm.max_children = 32 # 8c/16t • pm.max_children = 64 # 16c/32t • pm.max_children = 80 # 20c/40t
- 21. PHP-FPM • 5.6 is faster than 5.5 • 5.5 is faster than 5.4 • 5.4 is faster than 5.3 • 5.6 is much faster than 5.3
- 22. PHP-FPM • 5.6: OPcache • 5.5: OPcache • 5.4: APC • 5.3: APC
- 23. Redis • key-value cache & store • >= Memcached • optional persistence & hot cache • clients for almost every language • use phpredis (the C extension)
- 24. Resque • open source library • made by GitHub • ported to PHP (php-reque) • uses Redis
- 25. Load Balancer A Load Balancer B App 1 App 2 App 3 App N DB 1 DB 2 DB N Redis 1 Redis 2 Redis N DNS
- 26. Questions?
- 27. Thank you!