5 g and IoT for healthcare

G R Sinha, PhD
IEEE Senior Member, ACM DistinguishedSpeaker, IEEE DistinguishedSpeaker
Adjunct Professor IIIT Bangalore & Professor, Myanmar Institute of InformationTechnology Mandalay
Email: drgrsinha@ieee.org, ganeshsinha@acm.org, gr_sinha@miit.edu.mm
5G and IoT for Healthcare

 5G and IoT
 How does it benefit Healthcare
 Challenges
2
Outline of Lecture
5G and IoT for Healthcare Prof. G R Sinha @IEEE Chapter CEC Bilaspur India 27th June, 2020
Source: Google Images

1G
(<1Kbps)
1 Kbps
10 Kbps
100 Kbps
2 Mbps
1 Mbps
Data Rates
1980 1990 2000 2010
2G
(9.6Kbps)
2.5G
(10-150Kbps)
3G
(144Kbps to 2Mbps)
Years
Evolution of Cellular Communication

4
(contd..)
Source: Google Images

5
Source:https://skippy.org.uk/5g-is-going-to-kill-us-all/
5G
 4G will continue to be used by consumers and enterprises. 5G would be game changer.
 5G provides a range of benefits to the IoT, which includes its ability to support a massive number of static and
mobile IoT devices, having a wide range of speed, bandwidth and quality of service requirements.
 Ultra-reliability and low latency of 5G will allow self-driving cars, smart energy grids, enhanced factory
automation etc.

6
 5G is expected to be a catalyst for innovations across various industries.
 According to an Ericsson survey, 92% of executives from 100 major telecom operators, globally,
agree that 5G will pave the way for new emerging technologies (Source: https://www.ericsson.com/en/press-
releases/2016/9/report-5g-seen-as-an-innovation-engine-by-executives-in-key-industries)
 The network will especially help establish the Internet of Things as an indispensable part of our
world.
 Gartner speculates 20.4 billion connected devices in the world by 2020, a number that will
continue to rise (Source: https://www.gartner.com/imagesrv/books/iot/iotEbook_digital.pdf).
 Current wireless infrastructure does not have the capacity to accommodate so many devices
and ensure exchange of information without minor lags.
(contd..)

7
 5G promises more IoT friendly ecosystem, with vast improvements over the current
capabilities of the 4G.
 One can download an HD film in seconds.
 The study suggests that the network will see a 90% reduction in network energy usage, with
up to 10 years worth of battery life for low power IoT devices (Source:
https://www.gsma.com/publicpolicy/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/GSMA-5G-IOT-Wearable-Devices-ENGLISH-Oct-2019.pdf).
 It has the potential to offer massive connection power and fast speeds that can help transform
healthcare sector.
 It not only does have the capacity to impact the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) but it will
also help enable medical innovations using augmented reality, virtual reality, artificial
intelligence (AI), remote medical learning, remote patient monitoring.
(contd..)

8
 Virtual reality (VR) is simulated experience similar to or completely different from the real world, such as
Entertainment (video games) and educational purposes (medical or military training) (Wikipedia) .
 Augmented reality (AR) is an interactive experience of a real-world environment where the objects that
reside in the real world are enhanced by computer-generated perceptual information. This is a combination
of real and virtual worlds, real-time interaction, and accurate 3D registration of virtual and real objects
(Wikipedia) .
(contd..)
Source:
Google Images

9
(contd..)
 Better communication will produce efficiencies for all applications.
 Diagnostics should be faster at lightning speeds. Transfers of massive files, images and other
content will benefit from low latency.
 Global 5G Infrastructure Key Players are Qualcomm (USA), Samsung (South Korea), Huawei
(China), Verizon Communications (USA), CISCO (USA), AT & T (USA)

10
 The IoT is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines
provided with unique identifiers (UIDs) and the ability to transfer data over a network
without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction.
 This is possible due to the convergence of multiple technologies, real-time analytics, machine
learning, commodity sensors and embedded systems.
 Embedded system, wireless sensor network, control and automation, and other signal
processing tools contribute to enable IoTs.
 Smart home, smart city, smart environment
monitoring (SEM) system are few examples.
Internet of Things (IoT)
Source:
Wikipedia

11
IoT enabled SEM
Source: Ullo, S.L.; Sinha, G.R. Advances in Smart Environment Monitoring Systems Using IoT and Sensors. Sensors 2020, 20, 3113.

12
 The medical devices become IoT enabled and can be deployed in rural areas and remote
locations (not having proper healthcare facilities).
 5G is expected to bring about significant improvements in patient care quality and experiences
while lowering costs and improving operational efficiency.
 The smallest devices will be able to perform high-level computations.
 For health care, the entire digital ecosystems can assist medical research, diagnose conditions,
and provide treatment.
Healthcare and 5G
Source:
Google Images

13
A Scenario
Source: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Illustration-of-an-architecture-for-remote-healthcare-monitoring-system_fig2_322261039

14
 Wearable devices will make it easier for hospitals to continuously collect, report, and
transmit patient information to a remote monitoring center.
 The devices are made in the form of patches that can transmit patients’ biometric information,
such as their blood pressure and electrocardiogram data, back to the monitoring center.
 5G will make the overall process more efficient.
Intra-hospital Monitoring

15
 Doctors can conduct real-time rounds in wards anywhere using 5G mobile devices.
 The networks are said to be faster and more secure in transmitting medical data like digital
medical records and visual content.
 Remote medical consultations can happen in real-time with the same level of effectiveness
as face-to-face interactions.
 Specialist diagnoses such as electrocardiogram, imaging, and test results can be transmitted
almost in real-time.
 Doctors will also be able to provide specialist diagnosis services anytime, anywhere.
Remote Consultation

16
 With low latency, high speed, and high reliability, 5G will help health care professionals
provide surgical guidance to primary hospitals far away, or even make remote robotic surgery a
reality.
 5G will transform emergency services. Paramedics can seamlessly check the patient’s past
medical records, perform ECGs, ultrasonography etc.
 From inside a connected ambulance, the network devices can communicate the situations and
send the results back to emergency room doctors for guidance in real-time.
 The inside remote consultation system as that of an ambulance can help inform and prepare
hospital staff for dealing with trauma and life threatening emergencies before the patient
actually reaches the hospital.
Remote Surgery

17
 The digitized images such as MRI scans and other files generated by imaging machines are very
large in size, but often must be shared for review with other clinicians and specialists.
 Delays in transmission caused by limited bandwidth limits the number of patients seen or
cause delays in the treatment pathway.
 Implementation of 5G networks could alleviate these issues and improve access to data.
Transmission of Large Files
Source:
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586
-019-02876-y

18
 The challenge for clinicians is to interpret the complex and dynamic changes in medical
modalities. This is time-consuming, and prone to errors due to visual fatigue.
 Computer aided Diagnosis (CAD) is used with machine Learning capabilities.
 Recent advances have demonstrated that computers can extract more information from
images with an increase in reliability and accuracy, and can extract appropriate features.
 Due to high capacity networks, healthcare can use appropriate Machine Learning systems to
provide the best care possible.
Artificial Intelligence

Radiologist CAD Radiologist + CAD
Detected Marked Detected
Missed
Missed
Oversight
Missed
AI empowered CAD + Radiologist
19

20
 Effective telemedicine requires a network that can support near real-time, high-quality video.
 High-speed 5G network to existing architectures can support real-time video for video-based
medical consultations to improve access to care and quality of care.
 Language translators can video conference with a patient and doctor at the network edge with
low latency.
Telemedicine
Sources:
1. https://www.policymed.com/201
7/05/current-state-of-
telemedicine.html
2. https://health.economictimes.indi
atimes.com/news/health-
it/telemedicine-once-a-hard-sell-
now-a-booming-
demand/75502115

21
 5G will help enable a greater exchange of highly secure data, and this is expected to feature
ultra-low latency.
 Predictive analytics and prescriptive analytics are now being used to perform diagnoses and
deciding treatment plans for patients.
 This will support the connection of smartphones and mobile apps, cloud services, devices, sensors,
machines, and systems that can be used to power big data analytics.
 This will also enable innovations in early remote diagnoses, remote surgeries, greater
transparencies, and improved patient engagement.
Data Analysis

22
 5G will accelerate the industry trend toward providing care outside the hospital through urgent
care centers, walk-in clinics, outpatient surgery centers, and home healthcare systems.
 5G will support decentralized healthcare ecosystem, as more accessible and efficient.
 5G will enhance live-stream video conferencing with low latency, provide even faster remote
access to electronic health records, improve online and live remote consultations, enable more
efficient data transfers through mobile apps.
Decentralizing the Healthcare
Source: https://www.marsdd.com/wp-
content/uploads/2014/09/report-
transforminghealth.jpg

23
 5G is an engine for innovation across many sectors and healthcare is one of them that directly
benefits the society, in terms of patient’s quality of life, chronic disease management etc.
 The seamless connectivity with low latency, high throughput and reliability, smartphones and
mobile apps, cloud services and smart connected devices, can enable distributed, patient-centric
delivery at multiple points of care.
 This will help in reducing costs and time to access medical specialists, avoiding long waiting
lists and logistics for rural people by allowing remote consultation, diagnosis and health checks,
making specialized and high-quality care more affordable for common people.
Socio-economic Impact

24
 Despite the ever increasing number of connected IoT devices gathering and processing huge
amounts of health data, healthcare industry has challenges related to regulations and
standardization of processes.
 This becomes essential to get wide consensus around health related standards with a
priority on interoperability-by-design.
 Interfacing between different industries and health verticals: hospitals, pharmaceutical
industry, medical device manufacturers, health authorities.
Standards and Challenges

25
 To realize its full potential, the healthcare sector will require a supportive regulatory
framework and common standards.
 Different policies need to be formulated in healthcare, ranging from issues like transparency,
data ownership, privacy, data exchange, permissions around offering services, and liability
issues.
 Security and privacy are important in this highly regulated industry and will only increase in
importance with the General Data Protection Regulation and the Directive on Network and
Information Systems.
(contd..)
Source: https://interwork.com/protecting-
healthcare-data-todays-advanced-cyber-
threats/

26
 Healthy society makes healthy world and thus a better future is coming with 5G-enabled
smart healthcare.
 BRIDGERA (USA) has already completed prototypes and pilot implementations on
medication monitoring to clinical trials to home health care.
 5G brings latency low enough to provide real-time information either to deliver live HD
video to a paramedic or to enable remote surgery.
 High bandwidth enables doctors to keep in contact with patients or the elderly, or to
transmit and analyze large data files.
 Reliability and security enhances communications within hospitals and thus 5G
technology is set to have a transformative impact on healthcare.
Conclusion

27
E= mc2
E = Excellence m= Motivation c=Commitment
Example: c= 0.5 (half hearted), E= ¼ AND c= 2 (doubly committed), E= 4
Thank You!

5 g and IoT for healthcare

In this document

More Related Content

What's hot

Similar to 5 g and IoT for healthcare

More from Dr G R Sinha

Recently uploaded

5 g and IoT for healthcare