97.Progesterone.pptxsdfsdfsdfsdfsdfsdfsdfsf

97.Progesterone.pptxsdfsdfsdfsdfsdfsdfsdfsf

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  Progesterone Name : TejasRavindra Shendye Roll no: 97 Subject: Pharmacology II Professor: Dr. Gurpreet Bawa
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  Progesterone oProgesterone is anendogenous steroid hormone involved in menstrual cycle ,pregnancy & embryogenesis of humans. oProgesterone is also important metabolic intermediate in the production of other endogenous steroids. oplays an important role in brain function as a neurosteroid. Formed in: • CORPUS LEUTEUM:in the early pregnancy . • PLACENTA:in the late pregnancy period. • TESTES • ADRENAL CORTEX
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  Biosynthesis In mammals, progesterone,like all other steroid hormones, is synthesized from pregnenolone, which itself is derived from cholesterol.
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  Distribution And receptors Progesteronebinding is distributed as follows: 1) Approximately 18% of serum progesterone is bound to transcortin(corticosteroid- binding globulin (CBG) 2) the another 80% of it is bound to serum albumin. 3) The remaining 2% is free  PR is expressed in the following organs: 1-central nervous system (CNS) 2- Endocrine 3-gastrointestinal 4-immune 5-reproductive 6-cardiovascular 7-respiratory
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  Physiological and metaboliceffect. Physiological: 1. prepares the endometrium pregnancy 2. It triggers the lining to thicken to accept a fertilized egg 3. prohibits the muscle contractions in the uterus 4. If no fertilization occurs the corpus luteum breaks down, lowering the progesterone levels in the body. 5. During the 7-10 week of pregnancy, the placenta begins to secrete progesterone.supporting the corpus luteum. 6. It also helps prepare the breasts for milk production. Metabolic: 1. important effects on carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. 2. promoting glycogen storage in the liver 3. antagonizes the effects of insulin on glucose metabolism in adipose tissue 4. stimulates deposition of body
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  Normal values ofprogesterone hormone Normal values of progesterone hormone for non - pregnant women Average monthly days 28 days Days from 1 - 6 Less than 100 ng/dL Less than 1 ng/mL Days from 7 - 14 20 – 150 ng/dL 0.2 – 1.5 ng/mL Days from 15 - 28 250 – 2800 ng/dL 2 – 28 ng/mL Normal values of progesterone in pregnancy first third 900 – 4700 ng/dL 9 – 47 ng/mL second third 1700 – 14700 ng/dL 17 – 147 ng/mL ΍ The last third 5500 – 20000 ng/dL 55 – 200 ng/mL Normal values of progesterone hormone after menopause Less than 40 ng/dL Less than 1ng/mL
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  ​ Low Progesterone levels Symptomsof low Progesterone Levels Menstrual irregularities. Fibrocystic breasts:usually noncancerous. Difficulty Getting Pregnant.  Difficulty Staying Pregnant. Anxiety. low progesterone levels can be caused by: Untreated Hypothyroidism Adequate thyroid hormone and function is required for both regular ovulation and progesterone production in the body  ​ Age around age 35 progesterone levels will start to drop until menopause  Menopause
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  High Progesterone Levels Symptomsof High Progesterone Levels Anxiety Bloating Urinary infections Loss of libido Weight gain high progesterone levels can be caused by: ovarian cancer adrenal cancer congenital adrenal hyperplasia