adolescence and impact of parenting style on adolescence.pptx
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Adolescence is the developmental period between childhood and adulthood, characterized by significant physical, cognitive, and emotional changes. This period includes early (10-12 years), middle (15-17 years), and late adolescence (18-21 years), and is crucial for identity formation, autonomy, and intimacy. Cognitive abilities advance with increased abstract thinking and decision-making, while social influences, peer relationships, and emotional complexities heighten during this transitional stage.
![Stages of adolescent development
• Adolescence Period
i. Early Adolescence [13-15]: transition from
childhood to adolescence
ii. Late Adolescence [16-19]: transition from
adolescence to adulthood
• Adolescence Period
i. Early Adolescence [12 - 14 years]
ii. Middle Adolescence [15 - 17 years]
iii. Late Adolescence [18 - 21 years]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/adolescence-241118102454-e784de1c/85/adolescence-and-impact-of-parenting-style-on-adolescence-pptx-2-320.jpg)
adolescence and impact of parenting style on adolescence.pptx
- 1. Adolescence • Latin word ‘Adolescere’ means ‘to grow to maturity.’ • “Adolescence is that span of years during which boys and girls move from childhood to adulthood mentally, emotionally, socially and physically.”(A.T. Jersild) • It is the period of development and adjustment or the transitional period between childhood and adulthood. Psychologically it involves with disturbances and problems of adjustments. • Stanley Hall has regarded adolescence ‘a period of great stress and strain, storm and strife.’
- 2. Stages of adolescent development • Adolescence Period i. Early Adolescence [13-15]: transition from childhood to adolescence ii. Late Adolescence [16-19]: transition from adolescence to adulthood • Adolescence Period i. Early Adolescence [12 - 14 years] ii. Middle Adolescence [15 - 17 years] iii. Late Adolescence [18 - 21 years]
- 3. Adolescence • The developmental period of transition from childhood to early adulthood—entered at 10-12 years, ending at 18-22 years • Begins with rapid physical changes. • Pursuit of independence and identity are prominent • Thought is now more logical, abstract, and idealistic
- 4. I. Physical Development Height & Weight Changes Secondary Sex Characteristics Continued Brain Development
- 5. Rapid Gains in Height & Weight 4.1 to 3.5 inches per year Girls mature about 2 years earlier than boys Weight gain = muscles for boys; fat for girls
- 6. Secondary Sex Characteristics: Pubic hair Voice changes for boys Underarm hair Facial hair growth for boys Increased production of oil, sweat glands, acne
- 7. Continued Brain Development Not completely developed until late adolescence Emotional, physical and mental abilities incomplete Inconsistent in controlling emotions, impulses, and judgements
- 8. How Do These Changes Affect Teens? Frequently sleep longer - 9 1/2 hours May be more clumsy because of growth spurts-body parts grow at different rates Girls may become sensitive about weight - 60% trying to lose weight 1-3% have eating disorder
- 9. How Do These Changes Affect Teens? Concerned, if not physically developing at same rate as peers - need to “fit” in (early vs. late maturation) Feel awkward about showing affection to opposite sex parent Ask more direct questions about reproductive process
- 10. II. Cognitive Development Advanced Reasoning Skills Abstract Thinking Skills Meta-Cognition
- 11. COGNITIVE /INTELLECTUAL CHARACTERISTICS Adolescent cognition shows greater abstract quality in ability to Solve problems by verbal means alone Create make-believe or purely hypothetical situations Engage in extended speculation and test solutions systematically Assimilation dominates development of thought In later adolescence, accommodation returns to thinking and information-processing
- 12. COGNITIVE /INTELLECTUAL CHARACTERISTICS Increased ability to generalize facts Increased ability to understand Increased ability to deal with abstraction Increased ability to communicate with other person Development of memory and imagination Identification of conditionsand characters in the larger world Understanding of moral concepts
- 13. COGNITIVE /INTELLECTUAL CHARACTERISTICS Adolescence is a time of increased decision-making Situations are examined from multiple perspectives, and consequences anticipated A strategy for improving adolescent decision-making includes parental involvement Cognitive changes that improve critical thinking include Increased speed of information-processing Wider range of knowledge in variety of domains Increased ability to construct new knowledge Having more strategies to apply knowledge
- 14. Beginning to Gain Advanced Reasoning Skills Options Possibilities Logical Hypothetical What if?
- 15. Think Abstractly Can take others’ perspective Can think about non-concrete things like faith, trust, beliefs, and spirituality
- 16. Ability to Think About Thinking Meta-cognition Think about how they feel and what they are thinking Think about how they think they are perceived by others Can develop strategies for improving their learning
- 17. How Do These Changes Affect Teens? Heightened self-consciousness Believes no one else has experienced feelings/emotions Tend to become cause-oriented Tend to exhibit a “justice orientation” “It can’t happen to me” syndrome
- 18. III. Psycho-Social Development Establishing identity Establishing autonomy Establishing intimacy Become comfortable with one’s sexuality Achievement
- 19. Establishing Identity Erikson (1959): identity vs. identity diffusion Integrates opinions of other into own likes/dislikes—needs interactions with diverse others for this to occur Outcome is clear sense of values, beliefs, occupational goals, and relationship expectations Secure identities-knows where they fit
- 20. Establishing Autonomy Becoming independent and self-governing within relationships Make and follow through with decisions Live with own set of principles of right/wrong Less emotionally dependent on parents
- 21. Establishing Intimacy Learns intimacy and sex not same thing Learned within context of same-sex friendships; Develops close, open, honest, caring, and trusting relationships Learn to begin, maintain, and terminate relationships; practice social skills, and become intimate from friends
- 22. EMOTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS • Emotional energy is strong and dangerous, difficult to control • Complexity of emotions • Fluctuation in emotions frequently • Emotional feelings are widened • Bearing of tensions • Capacity of sharing emotions • Loyalties expanded • Reviewing of hopes and aspirations • Toleration of loneliness • Increased compassion
- 23. SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS Social responsibilities Social circle widens Identification as an adult Cliques-small group of close or good friends Dating-as a part of teen life; assist teens in learning about people, love relationships, etiquette, culture and cooperation Peer pressure-pressure to conform-seen in dress grooming and participation in social activities Relationships with the members of opposite sex More influence of peer group-on an average at least 18 hours per week with peers Friendships-intimacy Group Loyalty increases, not restricted to self but extends to society Close friendships assist with self exploration, understanding of others, stress of teen years, and school stress