Adolescence Period And Stages, Need, importance, Characteristics

Adolescence Period And Stages, Need, importance, Characteristics

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  Adolescence By- Dr. vandanaSharma MEd., Isem, Psychology
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  Division of stages •A. Infancy. ------Zero to 5 years • B. late childhood. ---------5 to 12 years • C. Adolescence. -------- 12 to 17 or 19 years • D. Adulthood. ------Beyond 17 or 19 years age. • In the present chapter we are mainly concerned with the 3rd stage, which is adolescence. so we shall study only this period Of adolescence period.
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  Importance of thestudy of adolescences • 1.Understanding characteristics and problems. • 2. Maintenance of mental health . • 3. Adjustment to responsibilities.
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  Meaning and definitionoff adolescence • 1. Biological and chronological definition –From the biological point of view adolescence is the stage when puberty dawns . chronologically this is span of life ranging from 12 to 19 years and having individual end cultural differences . • 2. Sociological definition –sociologically adolescence is a transitional period From dependence on parents to self sufficient adulthood . • 3. Psychological definition –psychologically Adolescence is a marginal situation which involves psychological disturbances and problems of adjustments. It differentiates the childhood behaviour from the adulthood behaviour • 4. Cultural definition –culturally Adolescence period Varies from community to community. In some communities marries among boys and girls takes place quite early (As early as 13 or 16 years of age ) • 5. Stanley Hall –has regarded adolescence as a “ period of great stress and strain,storm and strife.”
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  Characteristic of adolescenceperiod • 1. Rapid physical growth and changes • Increase in height and weight • Rapid development of bones and muscles • Changes in bodily proportions • Change in voice • Increased size of genital organs • Breast development and growth of the pelvis • Night emissions and menstruation. • Hair growth • Increase in blood pressure • Digestive system
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  Characteristic of adolescenceperiod • 2. Emotional characteristics or changes • 1 Heightening off emotions • 2 Variation in emotional moods • 3 Not under control • 4 Complexity • 5 Development of abstract emotion • 6 Realism in emotional experiences • 7 Capacity of sharing emotions . 8 widened loyalties • 9 Increased compassion
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  Characteristic of adolescenceperiod .10 common emotional patterns i) Emotion of love a) Auto-eroticism(self love) b) Homo sexuality c)Hetero sexuality ii) Emotions of anger iii)Emotions of worry iv) Emotions of jealousy
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  Characteristic of adolescenceperiod • 3 Intellectual OR mental characteristic of adolescence • 1. Development of intelligence • 2. Increase in span of attention • 3. Development of memory • 4. Development of imagination • 5. Hero worship
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  Characteristic of adolescenceperiod • 6. widening of interests • i) Recreational interests • ii) Social interests • iii) Personal interests • iv) Religious interests • v) Vocational interests • vi) Interest in sexual matters
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  Characteristic of adolescenceperiod • 4. Social characteristics or changes • 1. Sex consciousness • 2. Social consciousness • 3. Group loyalty • 4. Social service
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  NEED OF ADOLESCENTS •1. Need of freedom from dependence. • 2. Need of association with the opposite sex. • 3.Need for self support. • 4.Need for security. • 5. Need for philosophy of life. • 6. Need for self recognition. • 7. Need for success. • 8. Need for better food. • 9. Desire for new experiences.
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  Problems of adolescents •1 Adjustment to physical growth. • 2. Adjustment to mental competition • 3. Adjustment to emotional disturbances. • 4. Problem of home adjustment. • 5. Problem of adjustment with friends. • 6. Problem of sex adjustment. • 7. Problem of adjustment with society.
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  Education for Adolescents •1. Physical exercises and activities. • 2. Appropriate Lectures and sex education. • 3. Discouraging tight and sleeveless dresses. • 4. Sympathetic and affectionate attitude. • 5. Respecting individuality. • 6. Democratic Behaviour. • 7. Co-curricular activities. • 8. Tasks of responsibility.
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  Education for Adolescents •9. Co-operation of parents. • 10. High moral and Religious education. • 11. School –Centre of community services. • 12. Guidance centres. • CONCLUSION----We can say that adolescence is a period of stress and strain, storm and strife, heightened emotionality and suggestibility, day dreaming and adventures, intense affections and stirring of the heart. Education should be organised in such a way that it may enable the adolescents to face and solve the problems of life.