Adrenaline(1)

Adrenaline(1)

• 1.
    Stimulates αand β adrenoceptors  At low doses adrenaline has predominantly β adrenoceptor actions.
• 2.
    Improves myocardialcontractility (positive inotropic effect) as a result of increased influx of calcium into cardiac fibres.  Increases cardiac rate (positive chronotropic effect  Improve atrio-ventricular conduction (positive dromotropic effect).
• 3.
    In lowdoses adrenaline decreases total peripheral vascular resistance and lower blood pressure  In large doses Adrenaline activates α receptors in the peripheral vascular system which increases resistance and raises blood pressure.  Net response is often vasodilation  Bronchodilation  Inhibits insulin secretion and decreases the uptake of glucose by peripheral tissues, thus raising blood glucose level.
• 4.
    β-blockers suchas proponolol, atenolol, bisoprolol, metoprolol etc.  Entacapone  Digitalis glycosides  Halogenated anaesthetics such as halothane, enflurane, isoflurane  Tricyclic antidepressants  Oxytocics Drug interactions
• 5.
    Nervousness, restlessness,insomnia, tachycardia, tremors, sweating, hypertension, nausea, vomitting, pallor and weakness.  Entacapone  Digitalis glycosides  Halogenated anaesthetics such as halothane, enflurane, isoflurane  Tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors antidepressants, cocaine  Oxytocics Adverse reactions
• 6.
    Diabetes mellitus Closed angle-glaucoma  Hypertension  Ischaemic heart disease  Hyperthyroidism  Parkinson’s disease
• 7.
    Knights, K& Kathleen, B 2011, Pharmacology for health professionals, Chapter 12, Elsevier, Chatswood, Australia. REFERENCE