Google Alerts allow users to receive email notifications when new results are found on specified topics. Filetype operators like filetype:xls allow searching within specific file formats. The site: operator limits searches to a particular website. Numerical range searches use ".." to find results within a specified range. Reverse image search allows finding related images online. Archive.org's Wayback Machine allows browsing archived past versions of websites. Background checking resources mentioned include governmentattic.org, OpenSecrets.org, and Bellingcat for investigative reporting using social media.