Agrihub INSPIRE Hackathon 2021: Challenge #4 Irrigation Management

#4: Irrigation
management
Jakub Fuska

Results for 2021
How far we get...
...and where are we heading

What is our challenge?
- To provide the farmer with the current info about available
amount of irrigation water in water reservoir

Why we need to know the current amount of water?
- To plan the irrigation
- To optimize the irrigation system
- To know the difference of planned and real
capacity (difference caused by siltation)

How to do the task?
- DEM of reservoir bottom
- Water level elevation
Weather
consumption
Map of water depth Water volume

DEM of reservoir bottom - How to get it?
Sonar + GNSS survey
Bottom elevation points
Raster DEM

How to measure the current water level elevation?
GSM Modem
datatransfer
On-site sensor
Database

How to create the current water depth?
Map of water depth
- Raster algebra: subtraction of the DEM from current water level elevation
On single pixel scale:
Water depth = Water level – DEM elevation

Water volume calculation.
- Zonal statistics over water depth map
- Direct calculations using processing tools
(such as „Raster surface volume“)
𝑉𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 =
𝑛=1
𝑖
𝐷𝑒𝑝𝑡ℎ𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 × 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙

Principle is clear, how to do the tricks?
Server solution:
DEM of reservoir bottom + Database of water level readings
Simple web map of water depth and water volume display

Our study site
Water reservoir in village Maňa, Nové Zámky
district, Slovakia, Europe
Available data: DEM of reservoir bottom, DEM of
reservoir watershed

Principle is clear, how to do the tricks?
Implemented Jupyter Notebook
(thank you, lesoprojekt.cz!)
- We know how in QGIS, we need to work on server solution
(usage of basic libraries instead of pyqgis)

Current water volume... And then what?
Incorporate the reservoir recharge in accordance to:
 Watershed morphology
 Land use and Land cover
 Development in time in accordance to weather forecast
 Current data of watershed (soil moisture, temperature,...)
Irrigate...
Now? How much?

Weather/ rain event forecast?
- Possible sources:
- METEOBLUE
- OPENWEATHERMAP
- Both with their own API implementation

Data for watershed boundary, slopes, drainage network...
- Slovakia case:
- LiDAR DEM (1 m pixel)
- DMR 3.5 (10 m pixel)
- Worldwide:
- SRTM DEM (30 m pixel)
- JAXA’s Global ALOS 3D World

Land use/Land cover in watershed?
- European+ territories: CORINE LAND COVER

Soil type and moisture data?
- Soil types and textures: in-situ sampling
- Soil moisture:
- Sensor development
- Or ...
- use the emerging solution from plantcontrol.io
- initial contact and discussion were performed
- possible usage of NB-IoT Soil Moisture & EC Sensor
- data to database online and regularly

Possible stages of system development?
1. Simple webmap driven by server solution (water depth map+water storage from DEM+water level)
2. Reservoir recharge:
a) simple estimation from watershed runoff (morphology + landuse)
b) Recharge precised by soil type and soil moisture (on-demand/regular measurements)
3. Weather forecast incorporation from possible sources

What data to give the farmers?
- Current water storage
- simple or more accurate estimation
- Water depth map – multifunctional reservoirs for fish production
- History of water level/rain events/forecats – will they need that?

...but reservoirs are not always used!
- Many countries rely on the river or channel systems of irrigation
- Example of Burundi (noted by Hackathon attendant)
Yes, we cover only water reservoir solution

Practical obstacles in Hackathon
- Necessary attendance of persons with WebGIS and hydrology skills
- Timezones/places of attendees

Agrihub INSPIRE Hackathon 2021: Challenge #4 Irrigation Management

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