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agroclimatic.pptx
- 1. LEC 7: AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS FOR AGROCLIMATIC ZONES OF INDIA Dr. B. Sangeetha, Asst. Professor, KITS
- 2. What is Agroclimatic zone? • An “Agro-climatic zone” is a land unit in terms of major climates, suitable for a certain range of crops and cultivars. ... Agro-climatic conditions mainly refer to soil types, rainfall, temperature and water availability which influence the type of vegetations.
- 4. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS FOR AGROCLIMATIC ZONES OF INDIA
- 5. Multipurpose Tree and Shrub Database (MPTS) AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS FOR AGROCLIMATIC ZONES OF INDIA
- 6. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS FOR AGROCLIMATIC ZONES OF INDIA
- 7. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS FOR AGROCLIMATIC ZONES OF TAMIL NADU 1. Districts : Chennai, Kanchipuram, Thiruvallur, Cudallore, Vellore, Thiruvannamalai, Vilupuram 2. Annual Rainfall : 1054 mm 3. Soil Types : Red loam, red sandy loam, black clayey and black clay loam to limited extent, saline alluvial in sea coast 4. Major Crops : Groundnut, sesame, rice, bajra, ragi and sugarcane 5. Dominant tree species : Casuarina equisetifolia, Thespesia populnea, Pongamia pinnata, Lannea coromondalica, Anacardium occidentale 6. Major agroforestry : a) Monoculture of Casuarina equisetifolia practices b) Intercropping of groundnut, sesame and pulses with C. equisetifolia c) Band planting of Thespesia populnea and Lannea coromandalica d) Monoculture of Acacia auriculiformis e) Intercropping groundnut, pulses and minor millets with Anacardium occidentale I. Suitable agroforestry practices for northeastern zone of Tamil Nadu
- 8. Casuarina equisetifolia, Thespesia populnea Pongamia pinnata, Lannea coromondalica Anacardium occidentale I. Suitable agroforestry practices for northeastern zone of Tamil Nadu
- 9. II. Suitable agroforestry practices for Northwestern zone of Tamil Nadu 1. Districts : Dharmapuri, Krishnagiri, Salem and Namakkal 2. Annual Rainfal : 825 mm in 47 rainy days 3. Soil Types : Red to brown, loamy soils 4. Major Crops : Groundnut, tapioca, sugarcane and vegetables, ragi, sesame, horsegram and castor 5. Dominant tree species : Delonix elata, Pongamia pinnata, Ailanthus excelsa, Albizia amara and Tamarindus indica 6. Major agroforestry : a) Bund planting of Pongamia pinnata practices (Dharmapuri), Delonix elata and Albizia amara (Salem) b) Intercropping tapioca with Eucalyptus tereticornis c) Monoculture of E. tereticornis
- 10. II. Suitable agroforestry practices for Northwestern zone of Tamil Nadu Delonix elata Pongamia pinnata, Ailanthus excelsa Albizia amara Tamarindus indica
- 11. III. Suitable agroforestry practices for Cauvery delta zone of Tamil Nadu 1. Districts : Tiruchirapalli (part of district), Perambalur (part of district), Pudukottai (part of district), Thanjavur, Nagapattinam and Thiruvarur 2. Annual Rainfal : 900 – 1000 mm 3. Soil Types : Alluvial in the old delta and red loam with pockets of laterite in the new delta 4. Major Crops : Paddy, sugarcane, banana, pulses 5. Dominant tree species : Thespesia populnea, Bamboo, Acacia nilotica, Prosopis juliflora, Ailanthus excelsa, Casuarina equisetifolia, Eucalyptus tereticornis 6. Major agroforestry : a) Bund planting of Acacia nilotica and practices Bambusa bambos (Thanjavur) b) Intercropping groundnut and coriander with B. bambos c) Boundary planting of Tectona grandis and Dalbergia sissoo along water courses and canals d) Live fence of Lannea coromandalica (Nagapattinam) e) Woodlots of Terminalia arjuna
- 12. Bamboo, Acacia nilotica- Babool tree Prosopis juliflora, Eucalyptus tereticornis III. Suitable agroforestry practices for Cauvery delta zone of Tamil Nadu
- 13. IV. Suitable agroforestry practices for western zone of Tamil Nadu 1. Districts : Erode, Coimbatore, Karur, Dindigul and Theni 2. Annual Rainfal : 638 mm in 45 rainy days 3. Soil Types : Thin red with a block of black soil 4. Major Crops : Rice, sugarcane, cotton, sorghum, ragi, turmeric, banana, groundnut, Bengal gram, tobacco 5. Dominant tree species : Hardwickia binata, Holoptelia integrifolia, Ailanthus excelsa, Acacia leucophloea, Acacia ferruginea, Santalum album 6. Major agroforestry : a) Bund planting of Albizia lebbeck, Ailanthus practices excelsa, Hardwickia binata b) Intercropping tapioca, groundnut, sesame with E. tereticornis c) Woodlots of Ceiba pentandra d) Silvipasture consists of Acacia leucophloea with fodder sorghum, Cenchrus spp. e) Fuel plantation of Prosopis juliflora
- 14. IV. Suitable agroforestry practices for western zone of Tamil Nadu Hardwickia binata, Holoptelia integrifolia Acacia leucophloea Acacia ferruginea
- 15. V. Suitable agroforestry practices for southern zone of Tamil Nadu 1. Districts : Ramanathapuram, Tirunelveli, Madurai, Pudukottai ( part), Sivagangai, Virudhunagar and Thoothukudi 2. Annual Rainfal : 776 mm in 43 rainy days 3. Soil Types : Black clayey (mid zone), saline coastal alluvium or river alluvium (eastern region), red sandy soil (north eastern side), deep red soil (western region) 4. Major Crops : Bajra, cotton, jowar, fodder jowar, minor millets, groundnut, senna, chilli and vegetables 5. Dominant tree species : Acacia planifrons, Ceiba pentandra, Bassia latifolia, Prosopis juliflora, Tamarindus indica, Eucalyptus tereticornis, Azadirachta indica 6. Major agroforestry :a) Woodlots of tamarind and neem practices b) Silvipasture consists of Leucaena leucocephala c) Intercropping cereals or pulses with kapok d) Monoculture of Eucalyptus tereticornis, Acacia nilotica, A. leucophloea and Prosopis juliflora
- 16. V. Suitable agroforestry practices for southern zone of Tamil Nadu Acacia planifrons Ceiba pentandra Bassia latifolia, Azadirachta indica
- 17. VI. Suitable agroforestry practices for high rainfall zone of Tamil Nadu 1. Districts : Kanyakumari 2. Annual Rainfal : 1500 mm in 64 rainy days 3. Soil Types : Deep loam, saline coastal alluvium (south eastern belt) 4. Major Crops : Rice, tapioca, coconut, peper, clove, nutmag, cardamom and coffee 5. Dominant tree species : Rubber, tamarind, Calophyllum inophyllum and Albizia falcataria 6. Major agroforestry : a) Home garden practices b) Intercropping food crops, spices and pastures with coconut c) Bund planting of Albizia falcataria d) Intercropping food crops with Calophyllum inophyllum, Bassia latifolia and Pongamia pinnata
- 18. VI. Suitable agroforestry practices for high rainfall zone of Tamil Nadu Rubber tree Calophyllum inophyllum Albizia falcataria
- 19. VII. Suitable agroforestry practices for hilly zone of Tamil Nadu 1. Districts : Nilgiris, Shevroys, Elagiri javadhu, Kolli, Anamalai, Palni and Podhigai Hill ranges 2. Annual Rainfal : 1000 mm to 5000 mm 3. Soil Types : Laterite 4. Major Crops : Tea, coffee, cabbage, cauliflower 5. Dominant tree species : Grevillea robusta, Eucalyptus globulus, temperate Acacias, Terminalias 6. Major agroforestry : a) Intercropping potato, beans with Eucalyptus practices globulus b) Grevillea robusta and Erythrina indica as shade trees in tea and coffee gardens
- 20. Grevillea robusta VII. Suitable agroforestry practices for hilly zone of Tamil Nadu Eucalyptus globulus Temperate Acacias
- 21. AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS While the multi-tier tree-crop combinations in the home-gardens of the humid lowlands meet cash and household requirements. The kherji (Prosopis cineraria) and agricultural-crop combination in the hot arid region meets needs for fodder, small timber and food The Alnus nepalensis (Utis) and Amomum subulatum (Black cardamom) combination in the humid sub-temperate regions of Nepal and Bhutan and Sikkim State of India is an excellent example of a commercial but traditional agroforestry system Deliberate growing of trees on field bunds, their sporadic distribution in agricultural fields, and the systematic retention of shade trees in tea and coffee plantations are other common examples of prevalent agroforestry practices. • It is a common practice to utilize the open interspaces in the newly planted orchards and forests for cultivating crops for 2-3 years and to interplant shade tolerant crops such as turmeric and ginger later.