AIR AND SOUND POLLUTION MONITORING SYSTEM USING IOT

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 03 | Mar 2023 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2023, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 8.226 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 949
AIR AND SOUND POLLUTION MONITORING SYSTEM USING IOT
Dr. G. Meeri Matha1, H. Girijakshi2, D. Kushida Begam3, P. Bindu4, S. Masthan vali5,
K. Chandra Naga Dharani6
1Head of the Department, Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SRIT college, Andhra Pradesh, India
2Student, Final year B. Tech EEE, SRIT College, Andhra Pradesh, India
4
Student, Final year B. Tech EEE, SRIT College, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Abstract - Air and sound pollution monitoringsystemusing
IoT describes a system that uses various sensors and IoT
devices to monitor the levels of air and sound pollution in a
given area. The system collects data from the sensors and
transmits it to a central serverforanalysisandprocessing. The
data collected by the system can be used to generate real-time
alerts, providing valuableinformationfordecision-makersand
policymakers. Pollution based IoT is done by Arduino, it
consists of Air sensor, Sound sensor, Temperature and
Humidity sensor, CO2 Sensor, servo motor and Air Purifier.
When pollution based IoT starts, it checks all the parameters
provided by the sensor and Air purifier will give clean air by
removing dangerous airborne particles and servo motor will
automatically close the window to provide soundinsulation to
the room.
Key Words: Arduino UNO, ESP WIFI Module, IoT, MQ-
135, LM393, MQ6, DHT11
1.INTRODUCTION:
Air and sound pollution is a growing issue these
days. It is necessary to monitor the air and sound pollution
levels to ensure a healthy and safe environment. With the
rapid increase in infrastructure and industrial plants,
environmental issues have greatly influenced the need of
smart monitoring systems.Duetoitslowcost,highefficiency
and versatility, Internet of Things (IoT) has become very
popular now these days. Internet of Things (IoT) allows
interaction between devices and humans. It forms a
communicationmediumfromhumantomachine.Previously,
data collectors had to travel long distances to the various
locations to collect data after which the analysis was done.
This was lengthy and time consuming. But now, sensors and
microcontrollers connected to the internet can make
environmental parametermonitoringmoreflexible,accurate
and less time consuming. When the environment merges
with sensors and devices to self -protect and self - monitor it
forms a smart environment. Embedded intelligence makes
the environment interact with the objects. This system
proposes an air quality as well as sound pollution
monitoring system that allows us to monitor and check live
air quality as well as sound pollution in a closed area
through IOT. System uses air sensors to sense presence of
harmful gases/compounds intheairandconstantlytransmit
this data to microcontroller. Also, system keeps measuring
sound level and reports it to the online server over IoT. The
sensors interact with microcontroller which processes this
data and transmits it over internet. The data received by the
Wi-Fi module which interacts the air purifier and other
devices connected to it and operates the devices based on
the information given by the sensors. With this method
human intervention can be reduced by making the devices
operate automatically if any impurities found in the
surroundings. Other than the air purifier, a servo motor is
also used which automatically closes the window so that an
insulation is provided for the sounds produced during the
operation of these devices, this will reduce the sound
pollution up to some extent in its surroundings.
2. OBJECTIVE:
The main objective is to monitor and check air quality
and keep it under control and to purify air for a better future
and healthy living for all. This project also monitors sound
pollution in particular areas so that authorities can act
against it. It gives the live data of
 Air pollution
 Sound pollution
 Temperature
 Carbon dioxide
3. PROPOSED SYSTEM:
Proposed system consists of various sensors like
LM393 for sound, MQ135 for air, DHT11 for temperature
and Humidity, MQ6 for Carbon dioxide. These sensors are
interconnected with Arduino ATmega328P Microcontroller
for functioning. The power supply is given by RPS(5v). The
ESP8266 Wi-fi module is used to provide internet
functionality to the system. Air purifierisusedto removethe
harmful components in air and servo motor is used to
automatically close the windowsanddoorstoprovidesound
insulation. The information will send to android app (Blynk
IoT) through Wi-Fi module.

4. SENSORS USED:
4.1 Air sensor:
Fig -1: Air sensor
MQ135 is a gas sensor that can detect a wide range
of air pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen
oxides (NOx), and other harmful gases such as ammonia,
sulfide, and benzene. It is commonly used in air quality
monitoring systems and indoor air quality detectors.
The MQ135 sensor uses a small heater element and
a metal oxide sensing element, which changes its resistance
based on the concentration of pollutants in the air. The
sensor is sensitive to changes in temperature and humidity,
which can affect its accuracy, so it is important to calibrate
the sensor periodically.
4.2 Sound sensor:
Fig – 2: Sound sensor
LM393 used to detect sound intensity. It uses a
microphone which supplies the input to an amplifier, peak
detector and buffer. When the sensor detects a sound, it
processes an output signal voltage which is sent to a
microcontroller then performs necessary operations
4.3 Temperature and Humidity sensor:
Fig -3: Temperature and Humidity Sensor
The digital temperature andhumidity sensor DHT11 and
it can be detecting digital output of temperature and
humidity through the standard single-wire interface. The
DHT11 is a basic, very low-cost temperature and humidity
sensor. DHT11 is simple to use, it can interface with any
microcontroller like Arduino, Raspberry Pi, etc. and get live
data results.DHT11 sensor consists of three pins followedby
ground pin,5v input pin and data signal pin.
4.4 MQ6 sensor:
Fig – 4: MQ6 sensor
The MQ-6 sensor is a type of gas sensor that can
detect the presence of flammable gases such as LPG,
propane, and butane in the air. It is commonly used in gas
detectors, gas leakage alarms, and other safety systems. The
MQ-6 sensor works by measuring changes in resistance as
the gas concentration in the air changes.Thesensorcontains
a sensing element made of tin dioxide (SnO2) that has a high
sensitivity to combustible gases. When the gas molecules
come into contact with the sensing element, they cause a
change in its electrical resistance, which can be measured
and used to determine the gas concentration.
One important thing to note is that the MQ-6 sensor
is not designed to detect carbon monoxide (CO)gas,which is
a common by product of incomplete combustion of fuels. If
you need to detect CO gas, you should use a sensor
specifically designed for that purpose, such as the MQ-7
sensor.

5. BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Fig – 5: Block diagram
Arduino is a type of open-source hardware and
software, which is used to design and manufacture single
board microcontroller and micro controller kits which is
used to build digital devices. Arduino is the main heartofthe
project which is used as an interface.
• In this project we are using four sensors they are air
sensor, DHT11 sensor, sound sensor and MQ6 sensor.
• These sensors are connected to the Arduino which istaken
as input.
• Through this Arduino ESP8266 is taken as output, which
mainly contain WIFI module in it.
• One relay is connected to the Arduino as output where it is
used for air purifier.
• The servo motor is connected to Arduino. When sound
sensor detects any sound pollution. It will trigger the servo
motor to close the window of a room.
• When the power supply is on, the sensors send the data to
the cloud, so we can monitor all this information through
mobile with the help of android application like Blynk IoT.
6. WORKING MODEL:
Fig – 6: Working model
In the working prototype model,theIoTdeviceslikesensors,
Blynk IoT application, and cloud play a significant part in
pollution monitoring.All componentsareconnectedthrough
Arduino pins and are used to control the target. Here all
positive wires are connected to positive terminals and all
black wires are connected to ground terminals. For working
on each sensor, we required 5V and we have 12V power
supply transformer. Here the power supply before the
regulator is 12v and after the regulator is the voltage is 5v
then this 5v output goes to sensors and microcontrollers.
We presented a 12v transformer, and in this 12v
transformer, the supply is converted from ac to dc througha
bridge rectifier. For smoothing and noise filtration we are
using a condenser and capacitor. This is regulator input. By
taking the regulator7805 it gives 5v output and this 5v
output only we have to use a controller. In this project, if air
sensor detects any impurities in air, then it will trigger the
relay and the relay will on the exhaust fan which sucks the
purified air from the filter and give it to the other side.When
the sound sensor detects any sound pollution, it will trigger
the servo motor to close the window of a closed room.
DHT11 sensor reads the temperatureandhumidityreadings
and MQ6 sensor reads the carbon dioxide level in the
atmosphere and sends the microcontroller and then the
microcontroller to the cloud through a small ESP01 Wi-Fi
module and then the data will be stored in the cloud. We
implemented an IoT platform that is Blynk IoT in this IoT
platform we have to log in with our mail id they will give us
one authentication code, this code we have to dump into the
microcontroller through our program. Then we will be able
to see the virtual data of all the parameters provided by the
sensors. If air sensor and sound sensor cross the threshold
values, then it will send a notification andmail bysayingthat
there is high sound and air pollution in our area. So that
authorities can act against to it. All live monitoring data we
can able to see in the Blynk IoT Platform.

7. CONCLUSION:
An air and sound pollution monitoringsystemusing
IoT can provide a reliable and efficientwayofmeasuring and
analyzing the levels of pollutants in the environment. This
system can help in identifying the sources of pollution and
implementing strategies to reduce thelevel ofpollution.IoT-
based air and sound pollution monitoring systems can be
equipped with various sensors that can measure different
parameters such as noise levels, temperature, humidity,and
various air pollutants such as CO2, SO2, NOx etc. The data
collected by these sensors can be transmitted to a central
server for analysis, and the results can be accessed in real-
time by the authorities, researchers, and the general public.
This system can help in identifying pollution
hotspots and can be used to take appropriate measures to
reduce pollution levels. It can also provide insights into the
effectiveness of pollution control measures and help in
developing new policies and regulations to improve air and
sound quality. Therefore, an IoT-based air and sound
pollution monitoring system can play a crucial role in
protecting the environment and public health. By using this
we can reduce air pollution by air purifiers and sound
pollution by servo motors which doesn’t allow the high
sound into a closed room by closing the windows of a room.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
We are sincerely thankful to all our teachers for
their guidance for the project work.Withouttheirguidanceit
was difficult for us to accomplish this task. We are especially
very thankful to our guide Dr. G. Meeri Matha mam for her
consistent guidance, encouragement and motivation
throughout the period of this work. We also want to thank
our Head of the Department (EEE) for providing us all
necessary facilities and encouraging us in the entire project.
Lastly, we would like to thank our family and friends for
their unwavering support and encouragement throughout
the project. Their love and belief in us have been a constant
source of motivation. Once again, we extend our sincere
appreciation to all thosewho havecontributedtothesuccess
of this project.
REFERENCES:
[1] Arnab Kumar Saha, Sachet Sircar, Priyasha Chatterjee,
“A Raspberry Pi Controlled Cloud Based Air and Sound
Pollution Monitoring System with Temperature and
Humidity Sensing” -978-1-5386-4649-6/18/$31.00 by
IEEE [2018].
[2] Harsh Gupta, Dhananjay Bhardwaj, Himanshu Agrawal
“An IoT Based Air Pollution Monitoring System for
Smart Cities”- 978-1-5386-6971-6/19/$31.00 by IEEE
[2019].
[3] Himadri Nath Saha,Supratim Auddy,Avimita Chatterjee,
“Pollution control using Internet of Things” -978-1-
5386-2215-5/17/$31.00 by IEEE [2017].
[4] K. Cornelius, N. Komal Kumar, Sagar Pradhan “An
Efficient Tracking system for Air and Sound Pollution
using IoT”-978-1-7281-5197-7/20/$31.00 by IEEE
[2020].
[5] K.S.E. Phala, A. Kumar, and Gerhard P. Hancke, “Air
Quality Monitoring System based on ISO/IEC/IEEE
21451Standards” -1530-437X (c) by IEEE [2015].

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