1. Faculty: Information Technologies
and Control
Speciality: Information Security
Group: 695.21
Subject: Technical Foreign
Language
Teacher: Hasanova Khayala
Student: Allahverdiyeva Azizbika
Theme: The World Wide Web
2. Plan
World Wide Web (WWW)
History of the WWW
System Architecture of the WWW
Working of WWW
Features of WWW
Components of the Web
Difference Between WWW and Internet
A Few Advantages of the World Wide Web
Some of the Disadvantages of the World Wide Web
3. History of the WWW
The World Wide Web was invented by a British scientist, Tim
Berners-Lee in 1989. He was working at CERN at that time.
Originally, it was developed by him to fulfill the need of
automated information sharing between scientists across the
world, so that they could easily share the data and results of their
experiments and studies with each other.
CERN, where Tim Berners worked, is a community of more than
1700 scientists from more than 100 countries. These scientists
spend some time on CERN site, and rest of the time they work at
their universities and national laboratories in their home
countries, so there was a need for reliable communication tools
so that they can exchange information.
4. World Wide Web (WWW)
All public websites or web pages that people may access on
their local computers and other devices through the internet
are collectively known as the World Wide Web. Users can
get further information by navigating to links interconnecting
these pages and documents. This data may be presented in
text, picture, audio, or video formats on the internet.
WWW stands for World Wide Web and is commonly known
as the Web.
5. Web pages are linked together using hyperlinks which are
HTML-formatted and, also referred to as hypertext, these
are the fundamental units of the Internet and are accessed
through Hyper Text Transfer Protocol(HTTP).
Such digital connections, or links, allow users to easily
access desired information. The benefit of hypertext is it
allows you to pick a word or phrase from the text and
click on other sites that have more information about it.
6. System Architecture of the WWW
From the user’s point of view, the web consists of a vast,
worldwide connection of documents or web pages. Each
page may contain links to other pages anywhere in the
world. The pages can be retrieved and viewed by using
browsers of which Internet explorer, Netscape Navigator,
Google Chrome, etc are the popular ones. The browser
fetches the page requested, interprets the text and
formatting commands on it, and displays the page on the
screen.
7. Working of WWW
A Web browser is used to access web pages. Web browsers
can be defined as programs which display text, data, pictures,
animation and video on the Internet. Hyperlinked resources
on the World Wide Web can be accessed using software
interfaces provided by Web browsers. Initially, Web browsers
were used only for surfing the Web but now they have
become more universal.
8. The below diagram indicates how the Web operates just
like client-server architecture of the internet. When users
request web pages or other information, the web browser of
your system request to the server for the information and then
the web server provide requested services to web browser
back and finally the requested service is utilized by the user
who made the request.
Web browsers can be used for several tasks including
conducting searches, mailing, transferring files, and much
more. Some of the commonly used browsers are Internet
Explorer, Opera Mini, and Google Chrome.
9. Features of WWW
•WWW is open source.
•It is a distributed system spread across various
websites.
•It is a Hypertext Information System.
•It is Cross-Platform.
•Uses Web Browsers to provide a single interface for
many services.
•Dynamic, Interactive and Evolving.
Components of the Web
There are 3 components of the web:
•Uniform Resource Locator (URL): serves as a system
for resources on the web.
•Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP): specifies
communication of browser and server.
•Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML): defines the
structure, organization and content of a web page.
10. URL is the abbreviation of Uniform Resource
Locator. It is the resource address on the internet. The
URL is created by Tim Berners-Lee in 1994.
URL address which is used to access data from the
internet. The URL is the type of URI (Uniform
Resource Identifier).
Syntax of URL:
Protocol: A protocol is the standart set of rules
Hostname: It describes the name of the server on the
network.
Filename: It describes the pathname to the file on the
server.
11. Hypertext Markup Language (HTML):
HTML is a standard markup language which is used for
creating web pages. It describes the structure of web pages
through HTML elements or tags. These tags are used to
organize the pieces of content such as 'heading,' 'paragraph,'
'table,' 'Image,' and more. You don't see HTML tags when
you open a webpage as browsers don't display the tags and
use them only to render the content of a web page. In
simple words, HTML is used to display text, images, and
other resources through a Web browser.
12. Web Browser:
A web browser, which is commonly known as a browser,
is a program that displays text, data, pictures, videos,
animation, and more. It provides a software interface that
allows you to click hyperlinked resources on the World
Wide Web. When you double click the Browser icon
installed on your computer to launch it, you get
connected to the World Wide Web and can search Google
or type a URL into the address bar.
13. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP):
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application
layer protocol which enables WWW to work smoothly
and effectively. It is based on a client-server model. The
client is a web browser which communicates with the
web server which hosts the website. This protocol defines
how messages are formatted and transmitted and what
actions the Web Server and browser should take in
response to different commands. When you enter a URL
in the browser, an HTTP command is sent to the Web
server, and it transmits the requested Web Page.
14. Difference Between WWW and
Internet
WWW Internet
It is originated in 1989. It is originated in 1960.
WWW is an interconnected network of websites
and documents that can be accessed via the Internet.
Internet is used to connect a computer with other
computer .
WWW used protocols such as HTTP Internet used protocols such as TCP/IP
It is based on software. It is based on hardware.
15. A Few Advantages of the World Wide
Web
• The World Wide Web is one of the most
popular used services over the internet.
• It is very helpful for learning and
educational purposes.
• Anyone can get access to any information
or can learn from them.
• It also provides the facility of
communication to a person from any part
of the world.
• The World Wide Web also gives the
immediate response to tell that the user’s
action was understood.
16. Some of the Disadvantages of the
World Wide Web
• There are many unusual sites that
provide wrong information related to any
topic.
• There are many spam and fraud emails
that are to cheat and misguide us.
• We waste our valuable time by chatting
with friends.
• It leads to too much interruption in our
work and stress and anxiety in our
brains.
