Aluminium Processing,Properties and Application

ALUMINIUM
(Processing, Properties and Applications)
METALLIC MATERIALS
PRESENTED BY:
COOPER KOLLIE LACKAY (40447)
MATERIAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LECTURER : DR. A. R. ADETUNJI
DATE : February 2, 2017
AFRICAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Outlines
 INTRODUCTION
 PRODUCTION
 PROCESSING
 PROPERTIES
 APPLICATION
 ALUMINIUM AND RECYCLING
 CONCLUSION
1

INTRODUCTION
Aluminium is an element in the boron group with symbol Al and atomic
number 13
Aluminium is so called because it is a base of “alum,” which in turn is derived
from the Latin for “bitter salt.”
Aluminium is the second most plentiful metallic element on earth; an
estimated 8.3% of the earth crust is composed of aluminium.
Aluminium was once considered to be a precious metal, more valuable even
than gold.
It is said that Napoleon III, Emperor of France once gave a banquet where the
most honored guest were given aluminium cutlery, while everyone else had gold

INTRODUCTION
Formally aluminium was produced for the first time in 1824 and it took people
another fifty years to learn to produce it on an industrial scale.
It is written as Al, has a melting temperature of 660.3 °C and FCC crystal
structure.
The appearance of aluminum ranges from silver to dull grey
THE COLOR OF ALUMINUM RANGE FROM SILVER TO DULL GREY

Aluminium Production
 Sourced from bauxite ore, the material is refined into aluminium
oxide trihydrate (alumina) using the Bayer process, and then
reduced via a smelting process into metallic aluminium
 Up to four tons of bauxite are needed to produce one ton of
aluminium metal
 Once formed, aluminium is alloyed with other materials, usually
iron, silicon, zinc, copper and magnesium, to create metals with
different properties
 The type of alloy is designated with a serial number
 For example, 1,000 series alloys comprise almost pure aluminium,
while 7,000 series denote a zinc alloy

ALUMINUM PRODUCTION
Bayer process

PROCESSING OF ALUMINUM Extrusion
 Casting
 Rolling
 Extrusion: A solid aluminium cylinder called a billet (available in a variety of
alloys, pretreatments and dimensions), is heated and squeezed through a die with a
shaped opening to create a desired profile. Extrusions are widely used in
construction, road and rail applications.
Aluminum bars of different sizes and with varying anchoring options
(Mecalux, S.A 2ooo)

Processing of Aluminum
 Casting: Using either sand casting or die casting
techniques, the aluminium is shaped according to a mold
Aluminum Green Sand Foundry
Aluminum and copper base alloys are
produced in the cold chamber machine

 Rolling: Aluminium passes through a hot-rolling mill and is then
transferred to a cold-rolling mill, which can gradually reduce the
thickness of the metal down to as low as 0.05 mm. Rolled products are
categorized as either foil (less than 0.2 mm thick), sheet (0.2-6 mm), or
plate (thicker than 6 mm).
Processing of Aluminum
An aluminum fabricator may need to be skilled cutting and welding using
an oxyfuel torch.(Cavallaris, 2002)

Properties of Aluminum
 Lightness: Its specific weight is 2.7 g/cm3, which is one-third that of
steel.
 Non – toxic
 Good Strength:
 Corrosion-resistance due aluminum oxide formation
 Good Conductivity of heat and electricity
 Highly Ductile
 Highly Reflective
 Impermeable and odorless
 Recyclability 3


14
APPLICATIONS
 The application of aluminum are numerous.
 Ranging from aluminum foil for food packaging and easy open aluminum
cans for beverages to the structural members of the aircraft in which we
travel.

Applications of aluminum
 It is used for making electrical wires.
 Aluminum is widely used in food packing and cooking pots.
 It is used in mirrors and other decorative architectural
components
 Aluminum is also used in making windows, doors and roofs of
factories.
 House hold and consumer items such as utensils.

15

 Aluminium can be recycling by which scrap aluminium can be reused in
products after its initial production
 Recycling scrap aluminium requires only 5% of the energy used to make
new aluminium
 It is possible to recycle and resell a discarded aluminium can in just 60
days.
 For this reason, approximately 31% of all aluminium produced in
the United States comes from recycled scrap.
Aluminium And Recycling
The versatility of aluminium makes it the most widely used metal after
steel.

Aluminium And Recycling
 Fully recyclable with no downgrading of quality, aluminium is the
most cost-effective material to recycle.
 In fact, 75% of the aluminium produced since its discovery is still
in use today.
 Using aluminium, industries can attain their overall recycling targets.
 In parallel, the aluminium industry is also constantly developing and
refining its recycling processes.
Recycling of Aluminium

Conclusion
 Aluminum are numerous and diverse, serving very crucial roles in
our daily life
 It is readily available and quite cheap and more of its alloys are
being developed because of its desirable properties.
 It is by nature a metal we cannot do without and researches are
still on going in this field.
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Aluminium Processing,Properties and Application

Aluminium Processing,Properties and Application

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