Amoebiasis dr.v.r.patkar
- 1. BY – DR. V.R.Patkar DEPT of PHARMACOLOGY
- 2. Amoebiasis is a common infection of human GIT. The intestinal disease varies from mild abdominal discomfort to diarrhoea to acute fulminating dysentry . AGENT - Pathogenic strains of E. histolytica. Tropozoites live in the colon where they multiply and encyst and the cysts are excreted in stool.
- 3. Stress Malnutrition Alcoholism Corticosteroid therapy Immunodeficiency Alteration of bacterial flora.
- 6. These drugs are useful in infection caused by the anaerobic protozoa Entamoeba histolytica. Other Entamoeba species are generally non-pathogenic. CLASSIFICATION - 1. Tissue amoebicides. 2. Luminal amoebicides.
- 7. A) For both intestineal and extraintestinal amoebiasis- Nitroimisazole : metronidazole, tinidazole, secnidazole, ornidazole. B) For extraintestinal amoebiasis only Chloroquine.
- 8. A) Amide – diloxanide furoate, nitazoxanide. B) 8-Hyroxyquinolines – quiniodochlor, diiodohyroxyquin. C) Antibiotics – tetracyclins, paromomycin.
- 9. 1. ACUTE AMOEBIC DYSTENTRY – Most cases of amoebic dysentery respond to a single adequate treatment. Tinidazole or metronidazole are the drugs of choice. Adjuvant measures for diarrhoea and abdominal pain may be needed. It should be discontinued as soon as acute symptoms are controlled (2-3 days) and metronidazole started.
- 10. 2. MID INTESTINAL AMOEBIASIS/ ASYMPTOMATIC CYST PASSERS - Nitromidazoles afford rapid symptomatic relief in mildly symptomatic intestinal amoebiasis as well, and are the first line drugs. However they most fail to clear cysts, and the standard practice is to give diloxanide fuorate or another luminal amoebicide, either cocurrently or immediately after.
- 11. 3. AMOEBIC LIVER ABSCESS – It is a serious disease, complete eradication of tropozoites from the liver essential to avoid relapses. Metronidazole or tinidazole arevthe first choice of drugs effective in > 95% cases. Critically ill paitents maybe treated with I.V. metronidazole for the entire course , or at least initially, followed by oral doasing. Large abscess usually take months to resolve, even if all tropozoites are killed. If a big abcess is formed, it maybe aspirated.
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