An Introduction to OpenStack Heat
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Heat is an orchestration service for OpenStack that supports the creation and management of stacks made up of interconnected cloud resources using templates. It offers functionalities like autoscaling, high availability, and integration with tools like Chef and Puppet. The roadmap includes improvements in security, template language, and enhanced support for networking and metrics monitoring.
![Template elements example
Description
"Description" : "Template to test something important"
Parameters
"Parameters": {
"InstanceType" : {
"Description" : "Test instance type",
"Type" : "String",
"Default" : "m1.small",
"AllowedValues" : ["m1.small", "m1.medium"]
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/heat1-130618191559-phpapp02/85/An-Introduction-to-OpenStack-Heat-21-320.jpg)
![Template elements example
Outputs
"Outputs" : {
"the_network_status" : {
"Value" : { "Fn::GetAtt" : [ "network", "status" ]},
"Description" : "Status of network"
},
"port_device_owner" : {
"Value" : { "Fn::GetAtt" : [ "port",
"device_owner"]},
"Description" : "Device owner of the port"
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/heat1-130618191559-phpapp02/85/An-Introduction-to-OpenStack-Heat-24-320.jpg)
An Introduction to OpenStack Heat
- 1. Diving into Heat Mirantis, 2013Dina Belova
- 2. ● Orchestration service for OpenStack (officially supports Grizzly release) ● Uses templating mechanism ● Controls complex groups of cloud resources ● Huge potential and multiple use cases ● More than 20 active contributors What is Heat?
- 3. ● AWS CloudFormation ● TOSCA: Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications Heat ideas and standards
- 4. Stack - group of connected cloud resources (VM, volumes, networks, etc.) ● Autoscaling ● HA mechanism for the different levels (services running inside an instance, individual instances, stacks) ● Nested stacks Heat basics. Stack
- 5. Heat basics. Template ● Stacks are created from templates ● Heat templates have the same structure and abstractions as AWS CloudFormation templates ● Resource mapping in the next OpenStack release ● Templates are well integrated with Chef and Puppet
- 6. Heat Roadmap (Havanna) ● Parallel source creation ● Improve networking / Quantum support ● Rollings updates ● Support for extended template language ● Add AutoScaling API actions ● Move to Ceilometer for metrics / monitoring / alarms
- 7. Heat Roadmap (Havanna) ● More improvements for stacks updating ● Improved security ● Native for OpenStack resource types (resource mapping) ● Add suspend / resume stack actions ● Configurable LoadBalancer (LBaaS)
- 8. Already in Heat ● Nested stacks ● High Availability (HA) for different resource levels ● Associate users with templates using Keystone ● Get boto (Python programming language interface to Amazon Web Services) working with Heat ● API rework to align AWS specification
- 9. Heat Basic WorkFlow OpenStack Stack VM VMVM Heat CLI tools Heat DB Heat API CloudWatch API Heat Engine MQ Watcher Task Scaling Policy Auto Scaling Group
- 10. Heat API ● heat-api (OpenStack native REST API) or heat-api- cfn (provides AWS Query API) ● Communicates with Heat Engine and tells it what actions to do
- 11. Heat Engine ● Does all the orchestration work ● Layer on which resource integration is implemented ● Contains abstractions to use Auto Scaling and High Availability
- 12. Heat CloudWatch API ● Ideologically refers to AWS CloudWatch service (gets metrics from stacks) ● Will be replaced by Ceilometer ● Used for Auto Scaling
- 13. Heat CLI tools ● heatclient uses Heat REST API ● heat-cfn uses Heat CloudFormation compatible API (deprecated)
- 14. Heat Auto Scaling Principles ● Agents are installed to the VMs. They send VM telemetry to the monitoring component periodically ● Monitoring component (Heat CloudWatch) is responsible for the communication between VMs and Heat ● Core functionality (implemented in Heat Engine) provides the scaling itself
- 15. Installation ● Heat + DevStack ● Heat + Ubuntu ● Heat + Fedora
- 16. CLI (Heat Client) event-list List events for a stack. event-show Describe the event. resource-list Show list of resources belonging to a stack. resource-metadata List resource metadata. resource-show Describe the resource. stack-create Create the stack. stack-delete Delete the stack. stack-list List the user's stacks. stack-show Describe the stack. stack-update Update the stack. template-show Get the template for the specified stack. template-validate Validate a template with parameters. help Display help about this program or one of its subcommands.
- 17. Try Heat + DevStack Launch a stack: heat stack-create teststack -u <template_to_use> -P "InstanceType=m1.large; DBUsername=wp; DBPassword=verybadpassword; KeyName=heat_key; LinuxDistribution=F17" Example of template to use address: https://raw.github.com/openstack/heat- templates/master/cfn/WordPress_Single_Instance.template
- 18. Get stack's list heat stack-list If everything is nice after stack creation +--------------------------------------+------------+-----------------+----------------------+ | id | stack_name | stack_status | creation_time | +--------------------------------------+------------+-----------------+----------------------+ | 70296f8e-f301-465f-8b42-1aa3f95c42f6 | teststack | CREATE_COMPLETE | 2013-05-29T07:39:57Z | +--------------------------------------+------------+-----------------+----------------------+ If something goes wrong +--------------------------------------+------------+---------------+----------------------+ | id | stack_name | stack_status | creation_time | +--------------------------------------+------------+---------------+----------------------+ | 70296f8e-f301-465f-8b42-1aa3f95c42f6 | teststack | CREATE_FAILED | 2013-05-29T07:39:57Z | +--------------------------------------+------------+---------------+----------------------+
- 19. Delete stack heat stack-delete 70296f8e-f301-465f-8b42-1aa3f95c42f6 +--------------------------------------+------------+--------------------+----------------------+ | id | stack_name | stack_status | creation_time | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------------------+----------------------+ | 70296f8e-f301-465f-8b42-1aa3f95c42f6 | teststack | DELETE_IN_PROGRESS | 2013-05-29T07:38:11Z | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------------------+----------------------+
- 20. Template structure ● Description ● Parameters ● Mappings ● Resources ● Outputs { "AWSTemplateFormatVersion" : "version date", "Description" : "Valid JSON strings up to 4K", "Parameters" : { set of parameters }, "Mappings" : { set of mappings }, "Resources" : { set of resources }, "Outputs" : { set of outputs } }
- 21. Template elements example Description "Description" : "Template to test something important" Parameters "Parameters": { "InstanceType" : { "Description" : "Test instance type", "Type" : "String", "Default" : "m1.small", "AllowedValues" : ["m1.small", "m1.medium"] } }
- 22. Template elements example Mappings "Mappings" : { "AWSInstanceType2Arch" : { "m1.tiny" : { "Arch" : "32" }, "m1.small" : { "Arch" : "64" }, "m1.medium" : { "Arch" : "64" }, "m1.large" : { "Arch" : "64" }, "m1.xlarge" : { "Arch" : "64" } } }
- 23. Template elements example Resources "Resources" : { "network": { "Type": "OS::Quantum::Net", "Properties": { "name": "the_network" } }, "unnamed_network": { "Type": "OS::Quantum::Net" }, }
- 24. Template elements example Outputs "Outputs" : { "the_network_status" : { "Value" : { "Fn::GetAtt" : [ "network", "status" ]}, "Description" : "Status of network" }, "port_device_owner" : { "Value" : { "Fn::GetAtt" : [ "port", "device_owner"]}, "Description" : "Device owner of the port" } }
- 25. Useful links ● http://docs.openstack.org/developer/heat/ ● https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Heat ● https://github.com/openstack/heat ● https://github.com/openstack/heat-templates
- 26. Thank you for the attention www.mirantis.com [email protected]