Сергей Жук "Android Performance Tips & Tricks"
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The document presents various Android performance optimization techniques, including effective Java practices, efficient resource management, and layout design principles. It emphasizes the importance of developing for low-end devices and outlines tools for detecting memory leaks and analyzing app performance. Key recommendations include using static methods, reducing layout complexity, and utilizing multiple APKs for different device configurations.
![Develop for the Low End
• Devices distribution in the world
• Most of users could have lower-end devices
than yours
• Use ActivityManager.isLowRamDevice() to
detect if device in the class of a 512MB RAM
and/or about a 800x480 screen [API 19+]
12](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/campusslides9pub-150608205848-lva1-app6891-150610134654-lva1-app6892/85/Android-Performance-Tips-Tricks-12-320.jpg)
Сергей Жук "Android Performance Tips & Tricks"
- 1. Android Performance Tips & Tricks Sergii Zhuk Android Developer at DAXX BV Kyiv, FrameworksDays Android Saturday, 2015-06-06 1
- 2. Agenda • Effective Java in Android • Layouts and UI • Proper Use of Resources • Dev Tools and Measuring Performance 2
- 3. Effective Java in Android • Avoid using Floating-Point • Prefer primitives and primitive-backed data structures (ArrayMap, SparseArray) • Two parallel (int) arrays are better than array (int,int) 3
- 4. Effective Java in Android • System.arraycopy() is about 9x faster than a hand-coded loop • Make your method static: invocations will be about 15%-20% faster • Do not use Enums WAT?? @IntDef annotation 4
- 5. Supplying Scaled Drawables • Why not to supply a single xhdpi image as blurred background for the screen? • Rendering performance will decrease because device should scale your image during app execution • Such operation requires extra memory for Bitmap native processing, potential source of OutOfMemoryError 5
- 6. Make Your Layouts Flat • Inflating layout is a top-down traversal of the view tree • Hierarchy Viewer (Android SDK) allows to analyze layout while your application is running 6
- 7. “Heavy” ViewGroups • RelativeLayout requires two measurement passes to ensure that it has handled all of the layout relationships • The same is valid for LinearLayout with layout weights • If one of the children of ViewGroups shown above is again RelativeLayout or LinearLayout with weights – four measurements passes will be required for sub-hierarchy • GridLayout could be good solution in some cases (API 14+) 7
- 9. Splash Screen Effect • Show a blank window constructed with the application theme, including specified background drawable while application is starting • Behavior is provided by OS 9
- 11. ViewStub • A lightweight view with no dimension and doesn’t draw anything or participate in the layout • Use ViewStub as a “lazy include” for sub- hierarchies that can be optionally inflated later. 11
- 12. Develop for the Low End • Devices distribution in the world • Most of users could have lower-end devices than yours • Use ActivityManager.isLowRamDevice() to detect if device in the class of a 512MB RAM and/or about a 800x480 screen [API 19+] 12
- 13. 13 Develop for the Low End * More details at my Stackoverflow.com question Nexus 4 (Genymotion emu) and other devices Lenovo P780 with Android 4.2.1
- 14. Remove unused resources • Lint (Android SDK): will highlight these resources • Android-resource-remover (consumes Lint output) • Gradle: 14 buildTypes { release { minifyEnabled true shrinkResources true } }
- 15. Multiple APKs on Play Store • Different APKs for your app that are each targeted to different device configurations • Have same app listing on Google Play and must share the same package name and be signed with the same release key • Recommended to use multiple APKs only when your APK is too large (> 50MB) 15
- 16. Gradle Plugin: APK splits android { ... splits { density { enable true reset() exclude "ldpi", "tvdpi", "xxxhdpi" } } 16 WARN: you will need to set different version code for each APK file
- 17. Developer Options On Your Device 17
- 18. Developer Options On Your Device 18
- 19. Avoid Requesting a Large Heap • Requesting a larger heap may be necessary in some rare situations like media content • android:largeHeap=“true” result: less memory to be available for other apps, necessitating them being killed and restarted • android:largeHeap seems to be not enough documented 19
- 20. Memory Leaks • If a chain of references holds an object in memory after the end of its expected lifetime • Old approach: Dump Fix header MAT Find leak • New approach: LeakCanary will notify you 20
- 21. LeakCanary 21 dependencies { debugCompile 'com.squareup.leakcanary:leakcanary-android:1.3.1' releaseCompile 'com.squareup.leakcanary:leakcanary-android-no-op:1.3.1' } public class ExampleApplication extends Application { @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); LeakCanary.install(this); } }
- 22. LeakCanary 22 * Sometimes you still need MAT
- 23. In-app performance check • StrictMode • Google’s profiling tools: Traceview & dmtracedump • Hugo by Jake Wharton • Tools like NewRelic to show bottlenecks in response time 23
- 24. References • http://developer.android.com/training/articles/perf-tips.html • Chet Haase at Medium: Developing for Android (parts 1-5) • Memory leaks in Android (in Russian) • Android Performance Case Study by Romain Guy • Is Android layout really exponentially hard? SO discussion • Pro Android Apps Performance Optimization by Herv Guihot • Eric Lafortune talk on MCE2015 Conference • Cyril Mottier blog • Taylor Ling blog • Romain Guy blog • Android Performance Patterns (YouTube and G+) • DOU.ua Android Digest 24
Editor's Notes
- #3: Не будем писать код -- Много кода есть у индусов Магии не будет, будет много простого и правильного
- #4: Каждый объект – как минимум 8 байт + Специфичные реализации Android, где нет лишних методов – но и нет реализации Map
- #5: ProGuard: в некоторых случаях может привести enum к int
- #6: Крешили и Core2 и galaxy s3. Может, на маленькой картинке это работает ок и можно забить
- #7: Отдельный случай – когда работаете с ViewPager – и держите в памяти 3-5 экранов – тогда тормоза заметны и на быстром устройстве
- #8: Is Android layout really exponentially hard? discussion http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17493819/is-android-layout-really-exponentially-hard Also sometimes on LinearLayouts with weight
- #10: <style name="AppBaseTheme" parent="android:Theme.Holo.NoActionBar"> <item name="android:windowBackground">@color/red</item> </style>
- #12: Первое, что приходит в голову, когда нужно показать часть UI позже: сделать View.GONE ViewStub : нет размеров, ничего не рисует When inflate() is invoked, the ViewStub is replaced by the inflated View and the inflated View is returned. This lets applications get a reference to the inflated View without executing an extra findViewById().
- #13: Весело – это когда заказчик просит приложение как iOS, забывая, что айфоны стоят в разы дороже среднего андроида
- #14: Ещё – случай со смартфонами Huawei и неправильными лого
- #16: Дорого, хлопотно Вопрос в том – готов ли ваш заказчик за это платить. Цукерберг хвастался FBLight – меньше 1Мб
- #20: Есть такой соблазн Якобы понижает вероятность OutOfMemory
- #22: Встраивается в ваше приложение, инициализируется одной строчкой кода, Подключается в gradle в режимах debugCompile и releaseCompile (пустая)
- #23: Пьер из команды Square в начале мая релизнул. 3.5К звёзд в гитхабе за месяц Удобно при тестировании приложения – больше не нужно подключать и ручками сливать дампы: удобно для тестировщиков
- #24: StrictMode to catch accidental disk or network access on the application's main thread, NewRelic: удобно собирает статистику по времени выполнения каждого метода на различных девайсах Не забудьте убрать все свои логи перед выкатом в продакшен.