Android style resource and other resources types-chapter12
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The document provides an overview of style resources and various other resource types in Android development, including bool, color, dimension, id, integer, integer array, and typed array. It explains how these resources are defined in XML files and how they can be used within the application to manage UI elements and configurations. Examples are given for each resource type, detailing their structure and usage in layout files.
![Unit 12
Style Resource and Other Resources Types
By
Dr. Ramkumar Lakshminarayanan
Introduction
In this unit we will discuss about the Style Resource and other resources like Bool, Color,
Dimension, ID, Integer, Integer Array, Typed Array.
Style Resource
A style resource defines the format and look for a UI. A style can be applied to an
individual View (from within a layout file) or to an entire Activity or application (from within
the manifest file).
A style is a simple resource that is referenced using the value provided in the name
attribute (not the name of the XML file). As such, you can combine style resources with other
simple resources in the one XML file, under one <resources> element.
file location:
res/values/filename.xml
The filename is arbitrary. The element's name will be used as the resource ID.
resource reference:
In XML: @[package:]style/style_name
Example for Style Resource
XML file for the style (saved in res/values/):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<style name="CustomText" parent="@style/Text">
<item name="android:textSize">20sp</item>
<item name="android:textColor">#008</item>
</style>
</resources>](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/android-styleresourceandotherresourcestypes-chapter12-140804032349-phpapp01/85/Android-style-resource-and-other-resources-types-chapter12-1-320.jpg)
![Integer
An integer is a simple resource that is referenced using the value provided in the name
attribute (not the name of the XML file). As such, you can combine integer resources with other
simple resources in the one XML file, under one <resources> element.
Integer Array
An integer array is a simple resource that is referenced using the value provided in the
name attribute (not the name of the XML file). As such, you can combine integer array resources
with other simple resources in the one XML file, under one <resources> element.
Example for Integer Array
XML file saved at res/values/integers.xml:
This application code retrieves the integer array:
Typed Array Resource Type
A typed array is a simple resource that is referenced using the value provided in the name
attribute (not the name of the XML file). As such, you can combine typed array resources with
other simple resources in the one XML file, under one <resources> element.
Example for Typed Array
XML file saved at res/values/arrays.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<integer-array name="bits">
<item>4</item>
<item>8</item>
<item>16</item>
<item>32</item>
</integer-array>
</resources>
Resources res = getResources();
int[] bits = res.getIntArray(R.array.bits);](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/android-styleresourceandotherresourcestypes-chapter12-140804032349-phpapp01/85/Android-style-resource-and-other-resources-types-chapter12-6-320.jpg)
Android style resource and other resources types-chapter12
- 1. Unit 12 Style Resource and Other Resources Types By Dr. Ramkumar Lakshminarayanan Introduction In this unit we will discuss about the Style Resource and other resources like Bool, Color, Dimension, ID, Integer, Integer Array, Typed Array. Style Resource A style resource defines the format and look for a UI. A style can be applied to an individual View (from within a layout file) or to an entire Activity or application (from within the manifest file). A style is a simple resource that is referenced using the value provided in the name attribute (not the name of the XML file). As such, you can combine style resources with other simple resources in the one XML file, under one <resources> element. file location: res/values/filename.xml The filename is arbitrary. The element's name will be used as the resource ID. resource reference: In XML: @[package:]style/style_name Example for Style Resource XML file for the style (saved in res/values/): <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <style name="CustomText" parent="@style/Text"> <item name="android:textSize">20sp</item> <item name="android:textColor">#008</item> </style> </resources>
- 2. XML file that applies the style to a TextView (saved in res/layout/): Additional Resource Types Bool Color Dimension ID Integer Integer Array Typed Array Bool XML resource that carries a boolean value. Color XML resource that carries a color value (a hexadecimal color). Dimension XML resource that carries a dimension value (with a unit of measure). ID XML resource that provides a unique identifier for application resources and components. Integer XML resource that carries an integer value. Integer Array XML resource that provides an array of integers. Typed Array XML resource that provides a TypedArray which you can use for an array of drawables. Example for Bool Resource Type XML file saved at res/values-small/bools.xml: This application code retrieves the boolean: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <EditText style="@style/CustomText" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Hello, World!" /> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <bool name="screen_small">true</bool> <bool name="adjust_view_bounds">true</bool> </resources>
- 3. This layout XML uses the boolean for an attribute: Color Resource Type A color value defined in XML. The color is specified with an RGB value and alpha channel. You can use a color resource any place that accepts a hexadecimal color value. You can also use a color resource when a drawable resource is expected in XML (for example, android:drawable="@color/green"). The value always begins with a pound (#) character and then followed by the Alpha-Red- Green-Blue information in one of the following formats: #RGB #ARGB #RRGGBB #AARRGGBB Example for Color Resource Type XML file saved at res/values/colors.xml: This application code retrieves the color resource: Resources res = getResources(); boolean screenIsSmall = res.getBoolean(R.bool.screen_small); <ImageView android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:src="@drawable/logo" android:adjustViewBounds="@bool/adjust_view_bounds" /> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <color name="opaque_red">#f00</color> <color name="translucent_red">#80ff0000</color> </resources> Resources res = getResources(); int color = res.getColor(R.color.opaque_red);
- 4. This layout XML applies the color to an attribute: Dimension Resource Type A dimension value defined in XML. A dimension is specified with a number followed by a unit of measure. For example: 10px, 2in, 5sp. The following units of measure are supported by Android: Density-independent Pixels – dp An abstract unit that is based on the physical density of the screen. These units are relative to a 160 dpi (dots per inch) screen, on which 1dp is roughly equal to 1px. When running on a higher density screen, the number of pixels used to draw 1dp is scaled up by a factor appropriate for the screen's dpi. Likewise, when on a lower density screen, the number of pixels used for 1dp is scaled down. Scale-independent Pixels – sp This is like the dp unit, but it is also scaled by the user's font size preference. It is recommend you use this unit when specifying font sizes, so they will be adjusted for both the screen density and the user's preference. Point - pt Points - 1/72 of an inch based on the physical size of the screen. Pixels – px Corresponds to actual pixels on the screen. This unit of measure is not recommended because the actual representation can vary across devices; each devices may have a different number of pixels per inch and may have more or fewer total pixels available on the screen. Millimeters – mm Based on the physical size of the screen. <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textColor="@color/translucent_red" android:text="Hello"/>
- 5. Inches – in Based on the physical size of the screen. Example for Dimension Resource Type: XML file saved at res/values/dimens.xml: This application code retrieves a dimension: This layout XML applies dimensions to attributes: ID A unique resource ID defined in XML. Using the name you provide in the <item> element, the Android developer tools create a unique integer in your project's R.java class, which you can use as an identifier for an application resources. Example for ID Resource Type XML file saved at res/values/ids.xml: Then, this layout snippet uses the "button_ok" ID for a Button widget: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <dimen name="textview_height">25dp</dimen> <dimen name="textview_width">150dp</dimen> <dimen name="ball_radius">30dp</dimen> <dimen name="font_size">16sp</dimen> </resources> Resources res = getResources(); float fontSize = res.getDimension(R.dimen.font_size); <TextView android:layout_height="@dimen/textview_height" android:layout_width="@dimen/textview_width" android:textSize="@dimen/font_size"/> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <item type="id" name="button_ok" /> <item type="id" name="dialog_exit" /> </resources> <Button android:id="@id/button_ok" style="@style/button_style" />
- 6. Integer An integer is a simple resource that is referenced using the value provided in the name attribute (not the name of the XML file). As such, you can combine integer resources with other simple resources in the one XML file, under one <resources> element. Integer Array An integer array is a simple resource that is referenced using the value provided in the name attribute (not the name of the XML file). As such, you can combine integer array resources with other simple resources in the one XML file, under one <resources> element. Example for Integer Array XML file saved at res/values/integers.xml: This application code retrieves the integer array: Typed Array Resource Type A typed array is a simple resource that is referenced using the value provided in the name attribute (not the name of the XML file). As such, you can combine typed array resources with other simple resources in the one XML file, under one <resources> element. Example for Typed Array XML file saved at res/values/arrays.xml: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <integer-array name="bits"> <item>4</item> <item>8</item> <item>16</item> <item>32</item> </integer-array> </resources> Resources res = getResources(); int[] bits = res.getIntArray(R.array.bits);
- 7. This application code retrieves each array and then obtains the first entry in each array: Summary In this unit we discussed about the style resource and other resource type you can externalize. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <array name="icons"> <item>@drawable/home</item> <item>@drawable/settings</item> <item>@drawable/logout</item> </array> <array name="colors"> <item>#FFFF0000</item> <item>#FF00FF00</item> <item>#FF0000FF</item> </array> </resources> Resources res = getResources(); TypedArray icons = res.obtainTypedArray(R.array.icons); Drawable drawable = icons.getDrawable(0); TypedArray colors = res.obtainTypedArray(R.array.colors); int color = colors.getColor(0,0);